Search results for "Best of all possible worlds" - New World Encyclopedia

by many philosophers and observers of philosophy to have been one ... While Lewis's best known and most controversial theory is that ...

scripture, the Rig Veda, contains hymns of praise to thirty-three different ... to "Father Sky," the chief god of the Indo-European pantheon ...

designed to describe the logical relations of modal notions. The list of ... The languages of modal logics usually extend preexisting logics, e ...

Democritus identified the real existence of the cosmos with infinite numbers ... All atoms are qualitatively homogeneous, different only in form, shape ...

refers to either (a) the content or meaning of a meaningful declarative sentence ... The existence of propositions in the former sense, as well as the ...

who founded the field known as the history of ideas. As a professor of philosophy ... :*Leibniz believed that the best of all possible worlds would actualize ...

A novella is a narrative work of prose fiction shorter in both length ... plural: “novelle”) meaning a tale; piece of news. Novellas as a literary ...

taste. He won the Pulitzer Prize for two of them, The Consul (1950) and ... Much of the enduring popularity of Menotti's works derives from ...

L. Kroeber with Ishi, the last known member of the Yahi tribe, (1911).]] was an influential figure in the development of modern American anthropology ...

where conflict occurs between groups of people, for a variety of reasons ... The history of conflict theory can be traced back to thinkers such ...

Causality is one of the central notions in our conception of the world ... As a number of philosophers (including Nicolas Malebranche and David ...

and the Royal Geographic Expedition of 1977-1978, with more than 100 ... primary focus has shifted to the promotion of an awareness of the significance ...

most important English composer and organist of his era. Taverner reflected ... Taverner was the first organist and Master of the Choristers at Christ ...

Saint Alphege is the Latinate name of Ælfheah (954–19 April, 1012 ... After Alphege's martyrdom at the hands of Danish invaders, his ...

1295.jpg|thumb|right|250px|City seal of Zwolle from 1295 with Saint ... as a reptile, and is reputed to be king of serpents. One of the most feared ...

in child development. Bronfenbrenner was one of the first psychologists to ... Bronfenbrenner emphasized the importance of the social environments ...

mathematician, astronomer, and physicist best known for his astronomical ... Born in The Hague, Christiaan Huygens was the second son of Constantijn ...

1980) was a popular wildlife conservationist of the 1960s and an author, best ... as her own country, living on the shores of Lake Naivasha. It was with ...

and August 10, 1543) was a Swiss composer of the Renaissance, active in ... As a renowned composer of Mass settings and Latin motets as well as ...

and was known as the "Royal Church of St. Mary at Aachen" during ... The Cathedral of Aachen is one of the best-known architectural monuments ...

incorporeal energy force that is present in all living things but distinct ... thereof, such as the Holy Spirit. (The study of the Holy Spirit in Christian ...

Necromancy (Greek: νεκρομαντία, nekromantía) is a form ... Necromancy is communing with the spirits of the dead, rather than the evil ...

In Kabbalah and European Jewish folklore, a dybbuk is a spirit of ... another opportunity to do so in the form of a dybbuk. Dybbuks seek out ...

for dancers and stimulated a wave of creative experimentation in ... school and company, Denishawn, in 1915. One of her most famous pupils was ...

Revolutionary War began, and is seen as one of the first examples of African ... to her personal circumstances or to issues of race. Rather her poems are ...

[[Image:Glieseupdated.jpg|thumb|235px|right|Artist's impression ... Extraterrestrial life is the term used to define any form of life ...

Terraforming (literally, "Earth-shaping") of a planet, moon ... Based on experiences with Earth, the environment of a planet can be ...

people who originally lived in the valley of the Río Yaqui in the northern ... Spanish, defeating successive expeditions of conquistadores in battle. However ...

Batu Khan (c. 1205 – 1255) was a Mongol ruler and the founder of ... use. Perhaps the most significant aspect of Batu Khan's legacy and ...

She was involved in two of the most famous and well-received radio ... career were her two Golden Globe Awards for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ...

who held that we live in the “best of all possible worlds,” which Voltaire ... of Leibniz that this is the best of all possible worlds, we may even oppose ...

known as H. G. Wells, was an English author of science fiction novels such ... Wells was a prolific writer of both fiction and non-fiction, producing ...

designed for the observation and study of objects and phenomena in outer ... are hampered by the filtering and distortion of electromagnetic radiation by ...

The Tree of Life is a universal symbol found in many religious traditions ... According to Genesis, partaking of the fruit of the Tree of Life would ...

2, 1927) was a Swedish chemist and one of the founders of the science ... district near Uppsala, Sweden, the son of Svante Gustav and Carolina ...

and occultist. He is known for his system of mnemonics based on organized ... the Dominican priesthood and Italy in search of a stable academic position ...

and until the 2003 Iraq war, almost all of them lived in Iraq.Nathaniel ... The 2003 Iraq War reduced the population of Iraqi Mandaeans to approximately ...

In the physical sciences, the weight of an object is a measurement ... Recognition of the difference between weight and mass is a relatively ...

The Count of Saint Germain (c. 1710–1784) was a mysterious gentleman ... music, and magic. He had no visible means of support, but no lack of resources ...

“from later”) refer primarily to species of propositional knowledge. A ... The historical source for contemporary understanding of the a priori ...

is situated at the north-eastern end of the Houses of Parliament building ... Although not as historical a London landmark as the Tower of London ...

flowing east through the eponymous plains of northern India into Bangladesh ... In his book Discovery of India, Jawaharlal Nehru says: "… The ...

(NGO). The organization has hundreds of branches internationally and ... The beginnings of Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University (BKWSU ...

The concept of pluralism in philosophy indicates the belief that reality ... The term is also used in a wider sense in several fields of philosophy ...

from its opening Latin words, is a statement of Christian trinitarian doctrine ... other western churches, and is seen as one of the clearest creedal expressions ...

The question of being (Greek, τό ὄν, the present participle of ... Philosophers often suppose a certain sense of being as primary, and ...

that is equipped to conduct observations of terrestrial events or celestial ... emissions, gamma ray bursts, and expansion of the universe. Volcano observatories ...

Heimdall is the sentry of Asgard and a member of the Aesir (the gods ... peoples. This mythological tradition, of which the Scandinavian (and ...

"fragrances") refers to a group of low-ranking male nature dieties ... refer a particular divine being and a race of related demigods, respectively ...

Le Guin was one of the pioneers of a sub-genre of science fiction ... work is less concerned with the importance of technological change and development ...

The term “monad” was used by the Pythagoreans as the name of the ... The term "monad," however, is best known as a concept of ...

was an Argentine intellectual and author of highly experimental novels ... Along with Borges, Cortazar is often considered to be one of the most ...

The naval Battle of Aegospotami took place in 404 B.C.E. and was the ... In 405 B.C.E., following the severe Spartan defeat at the Battle of ...

before being appointed as Wykeham professor of logic at New College, Oxford ... His earliest book, Perception (1932), rejected causal theories of ...

There are many physical constants in science. Some of the most widely ... * the speed of light in a vacuum c * the electric constant ε0, ...

she was for her actual poetry. During much of her career she lived the life ... Millay lived and wrote during the early decades of the twentieth-century ...

| birth_place = Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America ... | death_place = Covington, Louisiana, United States of America ...

Fake news, also known as junk news or pseudo-news, is a type of yellow ... news organizations claim proud traditions of holding government officials ...

to indicate the improper usage of science or scientific claims. ... The charge of scientism often is used as a counter-argument to appeals ...

Classical Greek had no independent word of "existence." The ... but reversed the Medieval priority of essence over existence. The ...

critic, and activist. He was a professor of English and Comparative Literature ... Academically speaking, Said was a follower of Post-structuralist theory ...

A smudge stick is a bundle of dried herbs, most commonly white sage ... Native Americans, and it has been practiced all over the world, its modern ...

His initial insight was that a social group of human beings in many ways functions ... Karlsruhe, Germany. His father was the head of the household staff of the ...

Macrocosm/microcosm is a Greek compound of μακρο- "Macro ... The paired concept of Macrocosm and Microcosm presents the idea that ...

Utopia is a term denoting a visionary or ideally perfect state of ... intelligence can bring about the betterment of society. It is usually characterized ...

teacher, interpreter, scout, and defender of the rights of Native Americans ... Sarah Winnemucca lived in two worlds; the world of Native Americans ...

Manichaeism is an extinct dualistic religion of Iranian origin, founded ... an ongoing struggle between the forces of good and evil in the universe ...

The Hopi are a Native American nation, the westernmost group of Pueblo ... their culture, which is based on a mythology of their origin, spiritual beliefs ...

make firm") is a term used in a variety of contexts with different meanings ... , which may or may not contain the body of the deceased. Samadhis are ...

who in 1893, when he attended the Parliament of the Worlds Religion at Chicago ... that the same universal truth underlies all religions, although he regarded ...

in two voyages which explored the east coast of South America between 1499 ... book, Waldseemüller published one of the Vespucci accounts, which ...

the first Englishman to explore or map parts of New Holland (Australia) and ... Dampier's life belongs to the great age of so-called "Discovery ...

she published under the androgynous name of E. Nesbit. She wrote or collaborated ... Edith Nesbit was born in 1858 Kennington, Surrey (now part of Greater ...

a scientist; Khayyám contributed a number of insights to the development ... and particularly for the volume The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyám, famously translated ...

a wide geographical and temporal spread of cultures perhaps to mark territory ... is thought by many to be the foundation of art as well as an indication ...

hi2NdHdOQdZ0nDTk Trauma: A Dystopia of the Spirit]) Retrieved December ... societies which have experienced most if not all of these characteristics, ...

20, 1524) was the last ruler and king of the K'iche-Maya people ... on February 20, on the anniversary of his death. Tecún Umán has ...

quot; in Japanese) (617 – 686), was one of the leading philosophers, writers ... With his life spanning the end of the Three Kingdoms period and the ...

In the philosophy of perception, critical realism is the theory that ... Critical realism refers to several schools of thought. These include ...

Abduction, or inference to the best explanation, is a method of reasoning ... Peirce formulated abduction as a method of scientific research and introduced ...

Imperialism is the forceful extension of a nation's authority ... Yet, an interesting aspect of imperialism is that empires, both ancient ...

1, 1684) was a French tragedian who was one of the three great seventeenth ... developed alongside the continuation of medieval theater and especially ...

"The Watchers") are a group of fallen angels described in ... A modern view of the Grigori appears in some versions of Italian witchcraft ...

is God in his manifestation as Creator of the universe. Brahmā is part ... city located on Mount Meru. As creator of the world, Brahmā is considered ...

Life, may be considered by some as a type of virtual reality. virtual artifact (VA) either through the use of standard input devices such ...

Social constructionism is a theory of knowledge in sociology and communication ... With the rise of Post-Modernism, social constructionism became popular ...

Nyaya (Sanskrit meaning "rational argument") is one of the ... to Hindu thought is its elucidation of the pramanas (tools of epistemology ...

most famous for his roles as the founder of Conservative Judaism and president ... Schechter came to England as a tutor of the future leader of Progressive ...

Science fiction (also, sf, SF, or sci-fi) is a broad genre of fiction ... Science fiction is part of, and in organizational or marketing contexts ...

quot; or "blowing out" of the triple fires of greed, ... from the Samyutta Nikaya (a scripture of Buddhism), which describes ...

belief that the natural world is a community of living personas, only some ... While the term "animism" refers to a broad range of spiritual ...

used for four species in the genus Cucurbita of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae: ... the same family as squash. Well known types of squash include the pumpkin ...

Papyrus (The plural of papyrus is papyri) is an early form of thick ... The study of ancient literature, correspondence, legal archives, and ...

Ukiyo-e (浮世絵), "pictures of the floating world," is ... an original painting. The original subject of ukiyo-e was city life—more ...

Viperidae, whose members are commonly known as vipers, is a family ... Viperids are found all over the world, except in Australia and Madagascar ...

March 29 1888) was a French composer and one of the greatest virtuoso pianists ... entered the Paris Conservatoire at the age of six, where he studied both ...

– April 9, 1804) was a French statesman of Swiss origin and finance minister ... The biography of Necker is part of the history of the French Revolution ...

good, should be relocated in small groups of less than ten, in distances ... was known to point out admirable qualities of various disadvantaged people ...

Haiku (俳句) is a mode of Japanese poetry initiated through a late ... The Hokku of early Japanese poets like Matsuo Basho and Ueshima Onitsura ...

Quito, officially San Francisco de Quito, is the capital city of Ecuador ... Quito is considered to have one of the oldest and best preserved colonial ...

writer who came to be acknowledged as one of the most important spiritual ... not only among his immediate circle of friends and disciples (many ...

The Paris Opéra Ballet is the official ballet company of the Opéra ... The aim of the Académie Royale de Danse was to reestablish the perfection ...

#039; to spread Gnostic teachings. Author of over 60 books, Samael Aun Weor ... sexual practices as the highest form of religious devotion and articulated ...

as a score—that is based on accomplishment of tasks set within the game. ... However, with the popular use of the term "video game," ...

1822 – December 10, 1909) was a war leader of the Oglala Lakota (Sioux). ... One of the most capable Native American opponents the United States ...

if both can be measured in the same unit of measurement. For example, a ... In the philosophy of science, two theories are said to be incommensurable ...

or Tengrianizm) was the major belief of the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic ... The other deities were Umai (a life-giving deity), Erlik (god of the ...

who created the McGuffey Readers, one of America's first textbook ... on religion and a belief in the value of education. In 1802, the family ...

in the earliest-known religious system of the Han Chinese people. The ... seemingly understood as a composite ancestor of the ruling dynasty. From the ...

Nichiren (日蓮), was a Buddhist monk of thirteenth century Japan. A ... Nichiren’s ideal of establishing a Buddhist ideal land on earth ...

philosopher, and diplomat, an advocate of peace through education. The ... L. Butler and Mary Murray Butler, daughter of Nicholas Murray, a clergyman ...

)—a city of the Indus Valley Civilization built around 2600 B.C ... The discovery of Mohenjo-daro led to tremendous excitement in the ...

who founded the Dvaita (dualistic) school of Hindu philosophy. Dvaita is ... Little is known about the actual life of Shri Madhvacharya, save for ...

the American Revolutionary War. Hale is best remembered for his "I ... Widely considered America's first spy, a copy of Frederick MacMonnies ...

or Abenezra) (1092 or 1093 – 1167) was one of the most distinguished Jewish ... Born in Spain, he spent much of his life traveling in North Africa ...

born American Academy Award-winning actress of film and theater whose versatility ... World War II, Colbert embodied the ideal of the independent, resourceful ...

on timbre and rhythm. He was the inventor of the term "organized sound ... great-uncle's family in the small town of Villars, in Burgundy. There ...

Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer technology to aid ... important technology within the scope of computer-aided technologies ...

recognized it as an important component of art and aesthetics. However ... the highest value, which exist independently of and transcend the phenomenal ...

20, 1878 – November 25, 1968), one of the best investigative journalists ... However, he believed that the main point of The Jungle was lost on ...

and inventor who foresaw the possibility of space travel and launched the ... Robert Goddard was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, the only child ...

sins: a complete disregard for the tradition of hospitality and an aggressive ... by the Jordan River, "like the garden of the LORD." (Gen. 13:10 ...

The linga (also known as "Lingam") is the primary symbol ... (representing Shakti), the vulvular symbol of female creative energy. Although ...

Prize-winning Turkish novelist and professor of comparative literature at Columbia ... Pamuk is one of Turkey's most prominent novelists, ...

29, 1618) is famed as a writer and poet. One of the last true "Renaissance ... primarily for his poems, yet only 560 lines of his verse remain. He is not ...

speculation on technology, the nature of intelligence, the impossibility ... Lem was born in 1921 in Lwów, Poland (now Ukraine). He was the son ...

played a decisive role in the development of big band jazz and Swing music. New Orleans jazz, with its spontaneous use of improvisation in a small band ...

with George Harrison lead guitarist of The Beatles. Together with ... he rejected the drug abuse and other aspects of the hippie culture, remaining ...

progressive educator, author, and founder of Summerhill School. He is best ... for students to govern themselves requires of them considerable moral responsibility ...

Tendai (天台宗; Tendai-shū) is a Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism ... Buddhism, reasserting the importance of repentance and internal enlightenment ...

Tengri is the supreme god of the old Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic, Bulgar ... Tengri is a probable precursor of the Chinese deity Tian, which became ...

Tītânes) were a race of powerful deities that ruled during the legendary ... the Titans in the Titanomachy ('War of the Titans'). The Titans ...

Soma (Sanskrit), or Haoma (Avestan), refers to a ritual drink of importance ... qualities. In the Avesta scripture of Zoroastrianism, Haoma has an ...

by authoritarian systems. In this aspect of his thinking he was influenced ... Fromm's chief influence remains in the field of humanistic psychology ...

December 24, 1863) was an English novelist of the nineteenth century. He ... William had been sent to England earlier, at the age of five, with ...

with special effects. With the advent of computer graphics imaging, ... environment. These rides include the use of moving chairs and added scents ...

Judaism is the religious culture of the Jewish people. While far from ... laws and commandments to them in the form of the Torah. Jewish practice ...

theos, god) refers to belief in, or worship of, multiple gods or deities. ... The term "polytheism" is sometimes applied to a wide variety ...

His "refrigerator mother" theory of autism, now largely disfavored ... Bruno Bettelheim was born in Vienna, Austria, the son of a wood merchant ...

As a Pythagorean mystic, he thought of the universe as founded on ... Many of Kepler's writings reflect his deep desire to understand ...

1565) was a Ottoman admiral as well as Bey of Algiers; Beylerbey of the Mediterranean; ... he lived out his life in the context of what many regarded as permanent ...

Cotton can refer to members of the genus Gossypium of flowering plants ... Since ancient times, some species of cotton plants have been cultivated ...

strict interpretation and application of the laws and ethics promulgated ... The Hasidic movement, which is a subset of Haredi Judaism, is less focused ...

the most well-known North American Native of his generation, meeting and ... spent attempting to rectify the injustice of the Iroquois lands being handed ...

des sciences psychiques (The Future of Psychic Sciences) (1907). The ... The experience of déjà vu seems to be quite common among adults ...

Przewalski's horse is a rare, wild horse of Asia, Equus ferus ... endangered in the wild. As a result of its preservation and reintroduction ...

a collaboration which led also to the film of the same name; and as a host ... February 16, 2009., and became the chairman of the British Interplanetary ...

philosopher. He is widely known to scholars of Judaism as the Maharal of Prague ... The Maharal is famously associated with the legend of the golem, in ...

) is the capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, which it is also ... least the eighth century, with some evidence of its existence in pre-Islamic ...

educator, and social thinker. The founder of "anthroposophy," ... into Burgenland, Austria, in the foothills of the eastern Alps. ...

diverse explanations about the structure of the universe that open the ... special intention or plan for the appearance of humans in the universe, and ...

Folk Rock is a musical genre, combining elements of folk music and ... Folk rock had antecedents in the labor movement of the 1930s, notably ...

Canonization is the process of posthumously declaring someone to be ... The practice of Canonization is currently practiced by the Roman Catholic ...

Swan is any of various large, long-necked water birds of the family ... The swan is one of the largest, fastest swimming, and fastest flying ...

The Mongol invasion of Rus' was heralded by the Battle of the ... The rise of Moscow as the successor state to the one centered in Kiev ...

singer and guitarist from Texas. He was one of the most popular blues singers ... by his high-pitched voice, mastery of several blues sub-genres, and ...

writer, socialist and activist. He was one of the principal founders of the ... Cambridge Magazine with his own funds. Many of his later collection of poems ...

thirsty and ferocious deity; yet, in spite of her seemingly terrifying form ... Kali is said to have emanated from the brow of the goddess Durga. The text ...

type is the returning boomerang, a kind of throwing stick that, when thrown ... have also been used by various other peoples of the world. Boomerangs can be ...

- October 13, 1715) was a French philosopher of the Cartesian school. His philosophy ... the actual world was in fact the best of all possible worlds (see Leibniz& ...

and influential thinker in the history of Western thought. He was a student ... Among the most famous of his philosophical contributions are the accounts ...

Iraq. He founded the Ayyubid dynasty of Egypt, Syria, Yemen (except ... which translates to "The Righteousness of the Faith" from Arabic ...

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown ... The museum's collection offers an unparalleled overview of modern ...

renown after writing a stinging expose of the mistreatment of the mentally ... up to the task and worried about the amount of luggage she would carry. In ...

), is a variant of Marxism-Leninism derived from the teachings of ... the preferred term by the Communist Party of China (CPC) and that the word ...

cartoons for frescoes in the new Palace of Westminster (1843), and which ... A cartoon is a form of expression, or communication, that refers to ...

Margaret Eleanor Atwood, Order of Canada (November 18, 1939 - ) is ... Atwood is also the inventor and developer of the LongPen and associated ...

Italian psychiatrist, the founder of the psychological movement ... guide each person to understand the meaning of human life in all its contexts ...

1, 1755, at 9:40 in the morning. It was one of the most destructive and deadly ... for the best in this, "the best of all possible worlds," a world ...

An engine is a machine that can convert some form of energy (obtained ... ==Usage of the term "engine"== Originally, an engine was ...

for his October 30, 1938 radio broadcast of H.G. Wells' The War of ... Welles was born in 1915, in Kenosha, Wisconsin, the second son of ...

The First Council of Constantinople (381), also known as the Second ... Although the council represented the triumph of Nicene orthodoxy over ...

The Book of the Dead is the common name for the ancient Egyptian funerary ... One component of the text that has received extensive scholarly attention ...

spelled Halacha) is the collective corpus of Jewish religious law, including ... Halakha. Reflecting the cultural diversity of Jewish communities, slightly ...

regarded as the most influential filmmaker of the post-war Soviet era in ... Tarkovsky, son of the prominent poet Arseny Tarkovsky, was a product ...

Architecture Since 1922" at the Museum of Modern Art, in 1932, marking ... In 1930, he founded the Department of Architecture and Design at MoMA ...

Ahura Mazda is the supreme divinity of the Zoroastrian faith, which ... Ahura Mazda thus represents what some lines of evidence suggest to ...

Canada. Their name derives from their use of hemp, meaning "hemp gatherers ... other than violence, the southern group of Tuscarora enlisted the help ...

public. Beyond recreation, other functions of zoos include research, education ... observing nature and have a role as stewards of creation, have, in the ideal ...

), a sub-school of the Vedānta (literally, end or the goal of the ... as major sub-schools of Vedānta. Advaita (literally, non-duality ...

and short-story writer who is considered one of the foremost figures in world ... with the social and psychological anomie of modern life than were many ...

such as the Trinity, hellfire, immortality of the soul, and clergy-laity ... The name "Jehovah’s Witnesses" is derived from a number ...

1860 - October 23, 1946) was born in England of Scottish parents. He was raised ... He was founder of the Woodcraft Indians and one of the founding pioneers ...

is applied to the edible, cylindrical fruit of this plant. In advancing their own individual purpose of continuation as a species ...

and actor. Ben Jonson lived during the age of William Shakespeare and proved ... Jonson was undoubtedly one of the most well-read men in the England ...

was an English soldier and seaman, and one of the most colorful and important ... Unlike the founding of the Plymouth colony by religious dissenters ...

she changed the public's perception of people with disabilities. She ... true value comes from the height and depth of her mind. ...

to Western intellectuals. His analyses of Far Eastern tradition also ... Ishikawa Prefecture, the fourth son of physician Ryojun Suzuki (he ...

was an American theoretical physicist, best known for his role as the ... position to lobby for international control of atomic energy and to avert ...

Anthony Trollope ( April 24, 1815 – December 6, 1882 ) became one ... Baretshire is focused on the inner workings of an imaginary cathedral ...

poet, critic, theologian. He is best known for his influence on ... to philosophy and criticized his lack of understanding about the role ...

traditionally used by nomads in the steppes of Central Asia. The Yaranga, ... to suit the needs and environment of its inhabitants. Traditional ...

29, 1973) was an English poet and one of the most influential poets ... Auden was a poet of prodigious talent and output, living at a time ...

1877) was a French painter whose portrayals of peasants and scenes of everyday ... Following the Revolution of 1848, his representation of contemporary ...

directors owing to his innovative use of montage. and waned over the years, and the merit of his films and the value of ...

The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family ... instrument for composers from the time of its invention. ...

His systematized and refined the cosmologies of Plotinus and Iamblichus, and ... Proclus’ greatest concern was the elevation of the human soul to ...

Reis before being promoted to the rank of Pasha and becoming the Kaptan ... A series of smaller victories followed over French and Spanish adversaries ...

Bean is a common name for edible plant seeds or seed pods of several ... The various species of bean plants include some of the very first ...

As an educator, he promoted the teaching of history, science, and the arts ... gases becoming famous for his co-discovery of oxygen, which he called "dephlo ...

laureate, lauded principally for a series of highly symbolic and often ironic ... Like other German authors, already in their prime during the rise ...

how the collective unconscious, that part of the unconscious that is cross ... choanalytic school"). The goal of analytical or Jungian psychology ...

Cranes are any of the large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds ... Representatives of the Guidae family, comprising 15 extant species ...

Prize for non-fiction in 1974, for his The Denial of Death. The thesis of his work was that individuals live in terror of their ...

journalist, essayist and pianist. He is best known for the numerous piano ... in Chingford, Essex (now Greater London), of mixed Indian (Parsi), Spanish ...

with the 1641 publication, in Paris, of Rene Descartes' Meditationes ... was that God had created the best of all possible worlds, since there could ...

1911) was a Hungarian-American publisher best known for establishing the ... His father was a wealthy grain merchant of Magyar-Jewish descent and his ...

1899 and 1918. It has had several periods of revival since then and is still ... sheet music for piano. Being a modification of the then popular march, it ...

The Republic of Benin is a sliver of a country in West Africa, the ... The history of the tribes and peoples who inhabited this gateway to ...

[[Image:Epikur.jpg|right|thumb|234px|Bust of Epicurus]] an ancient Greek philosopher, the founder of Epicureanism, one of the most ...

philosopher, theologian and historian of science. His surname is pronounced ... Whewell’s philosophy of science included the claim that through ...

Carlos Castaneda (December 25, 1925 – April 27, 1998) was the author ... Castaneda's descriptions of psychedelic experiences stood apart ...

a vital role in the structures and processes of the living and nonliving worlds ... The careless disposal of paints, plastics, and other carbon-containing ...

Space exploration is the physical exploration of outer space, by both ... particularly the Cold War. The early era of space exploration was driven ...

after 1780, was a Native American of the Seneca tribe's Wolf ... but finally accepted the majority decision of the Iroquois League, to which ...

late 1800s, when séances were at the height of their popularity. The Ouija ... Ouija the Most Dangerous Game (1985), one of the first uses of "Ouija ...

Shaktism is a denomination of Hinduism that worships Shakti (or Devi ... and points toward the fundamental necessity of a female image of the divine ...

office executive for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association ... As coach of the Celtics from 1950 to 1966, Auerbach won nine NBA titles ...

historian and writer] He was a champion of the nineteenth-century ideals ... His observations represented the excitement of sociological discovery, made ...

official use) was an important ruling house of Europe and is most well known ... Vienna, the elegant, artistic, and intellectually creative capital ...

have been made with varying degrees of realism by engineers as well ... Several reasons have been given in support of space colonization. ...

Amnesia is a medical condition involving the loss of memory. While ... The type of memory loss involved in amnesia does not affect a person ...

The historicity of Jesus concerns the historical authenticity of Jesus ... of biblical scholars argue that Jesus never existed as a historical ...

January 13, 1864), known as the "father of American music," was the ... Stephen Collins Foster, the ninth of William B. and Eliza T. Foster ...

) is the capital, chief seaport, and largest city of Algeria, the ... in Algiers. The city fell under the rule of the Ottoman Empire in 1518 ...

1962) was an American Christian ethicist best known for his books The Meaning ... H. Richard Niebuhr was raised in Missouri, the youngest of five children ...

The North Pole is defined as one of the two points where the Earth ... the North Pole is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean. There is ...

theologian, who taught that the Son of God was not eternal, and was ... He was possibly of Libyan and Berber descent. His father's name ...

The Republic of Palau is located in the Pacific Ocean some 300 miles ... The Republic of Palau consists of eight principal islands and more ...

Members of the Bahá'í faith understand history as an evolving ... Fundamental to Bahá'í teachings is unity: the unity of God ...

and churches claimed to possess fragments of the True Cross to legitimize ... For over a millennium, these supposed fragments of the True Cross ...

system and is named after the Roman god of war. It is also known as the ... and seasonal cycles are similar to those of the Earth. Of all the planets ...

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necessities for which a large fraction of the cost represents its ability ... plastic are used to make toys. Newer forms of toys include interactive digital ...

biologist and archaeologist was born the son of Sir John William Lubbock, Bart ... the Act that established the dates of Bank Holidays. In the academic ...

was an American actor, comedian and writer best known for his iconic status ... in the United States. So much that all who succeed him see him as ...

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are an archipelago in Indonesia, and part of the larger Malay Archipelago ... The Maluku Islands are located on the Australian Plate, lying east ...

in Hertfordshire and became the founder of the diamond company De Beers ... Africa's natural resources, proceeds of which founded the Rhodes Scholarship ...

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like a snake but has a heightened sense of intelligence. Serpents are ... The serpent is one of the oldest and most widespread mythological ...

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he was posthumously made an Honorary Citizen of the United States; there are ... La Fayette served in the American War of Independence both as a general ...

actor and sometime screenwriter. He is best known for having directed ... in good films and other times in films best described as forgettable, ...

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Henry James, OM (April 15, 1843 – February 28, 1916), was one of ... fiction followed the realistic conventions of the French and Russian novelists ...

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he is also considered to be the father of the modern Italian language ... Dante is sometimes considered to be the most important poet of the ...

and philosophical systems. Within some forms of yoga, the chakras refer to ... Another use of the term "chakra" is found in classical Indian ...

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and theologian. He was a prominent leader of the east-coast revivals of ... Jonathan Edwards, born on October 5, 1703, was the son of Timothy ...

(or Nieuwe Beelding in Dutch). Proponents of De Stijl sought to express ... belies their apparent simplicity. He is best known for his non-representational ...

held every February. It is considered one of the most important film festivals ... The festival began at the beginning of the Cold War, in the city of ...

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Big Sur is a 100-mile stretch of ruggedly beautiful seacoast along ... Big Sur's boundaries are loosely defined; many definitions of ...

philosopher, statesman and essayist who is best known for leading the scientific ... Bacon began his professional life as a lawyer, but he has become best ...

research ranges from the analysis of short contacts between anonymous ... social status and the social structures of society, social change, social ...

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playwright, and essayist. With the end of Realism and its attempt to ... Sologub had much in common with the French writers of the fin de siècle ...

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native to North America, who, at the time of European contact in the sixteenth ... Today, the Cherokee Nation and United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians ...

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San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino Repubblica di San Marino , also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino, is a country ...

was an influential liberal thinker of the nineteenth century. John ... greatest happiness for the greatest number of people, and distinguished among ...

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which teaches that a single God, or a group of gods or deities, is responsible ... The resemblance of the "created" to the "creator" ...

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was a famous Irish author, novelist, and one of the great spokespersons for ... As a youth, the untimely death of his mother, the cruelty of his schoolmates ...

The start of the European Colonization of the Americas is typically ... Hemisphere would come under the domination of European nations, leading to ...

Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was one of the ... The major themes of his work were social: Radical individualism, libertarianism ...

reasoning cannot replace direct experience of God. He also mounted a strong ... Judah Ha-Levi is regarded as one of the greatest Hebrew poets. More ...

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), considered as the greatest king of the Chola Empire by many, ruled ... He streamlined the administrative system with the division of the ...

The Fall of Rome or the Fall of the Roman Empire refers to the defeat ... Some European nations saw themselves as so indebted to the legacy ...

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Europe and prepared it for an explosion of complex refugee issues. He ... Born in Paris, France, he was the son of Sir Sultan Mahomed Shah Aga ...

was one of the most important deities in Norse mythology. He was said ... Freyr was also one of the esteemed Vanir (a race of Norse gods) and ...

Philo (20 B.C.E. – 50 C.E.), known also as Philo of Alexandria and ... Bible as an allegory for the rise and fall of the human soul. He developed ...

Mary (מרים, Maryām, "Bitter") was the mother of Jesus ... the crucifixion and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community ...

Concepts are the categorization of objects, events, or people that ... at least, if not other species, are capable of concept formation, and computers ...

(based on Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew), Fifty Million Frenchmen ... In Paris he had the best of all possible worlds without actually being ...

is a comprehensive written compendium that contains information on ... (pron. enkyklos paideia), literally 'the things of boys/child ...

The Pueblo People are a diverse group of Native American inhabitants ... The Pueblo people have retained their pre-Spanish way of life to a ...

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A dream is the experience of a sequence of images, sounds, ideas, ... People all over the world throughout history have experienced and ...

Computer graphics, a subfield of computer science, is concerned with ... can now be used by anyone in the form of freeware. In the future, computer ...

#039;Oresme (c.1323 - July 11, 1382) was one of the most original thinkers ... Oresme evolved a geometrical method of plotting speed or intensity ...

) is the capital city of the Province of Milano and of Lombardy region ... The city was important for the history of Christianity as the site of ...

philosopher, and, for ten years, minister of state for the republic of Weimar. principle literary figure through a series of movements and upheavals in ...

, in order to eliminate the dichotomy of mind and body—has more general ... world of phenomena as "the best of all possible worlds." A world ...

in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. As a ... Du Bois is viewed by many as the father of modern black scholarship ...

) (ca. 418 B.C.E.–362 B.C.E.) was a Theban general and statesman ... The Roman orator Cicero called him "the first man of Greece, ...

and a professor at the London School of Economics. He is counted among ... Popper was born in Vienna (then part of Austria-Hungary) in 1902 to ...

Bass fishing is one of the most popular recreational types of fishing ... a popular game sport in the Eastern regions of the United States. Although ...

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Theodicy is a specific branch of theology and philosophy, which attempts ... its many evils, the world is the best of all possible worlds. ...

The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California ... The effects of the Gold Rush were substantial. Outside of California ...

Saint Gregory of Nazianzus (329–January 25, 389 C.E.), also known ... The promulgation of his (at times contested) theological perspectives ...

a Romanian historian, philosopher, theorist of religion, literary critic, ... His most significant contributions to the study of religion are his ...

sthaviravāda; literally, "the Teaching of the Elders" or "the ... Buddhism has been the predominant religion of Sri Lanka (about 70 percent ...

only known fully developed written language of the pre-Columbian Americas ... Initially established during the Preclassic period, many of the Mayan ...

but known to his friends as Van, was one of the most influential American ... while also being the main proponent of the view that philosophy is ...

samain) is a Gaelic festival marking the end of the harvest season and the ... survived the winter and so offerings of food and drink were left for ...

[[Image:Blacktriangle.jpg|thumb|200 px|Artist's depiction of ... an "identified" object. Sightings of unusual aerial phenomena date ...

Buddhist art refers to the rich and diverse representations of religious ... Early Buddhist art emerged in India and Sri Lanka following the death ...

, "Song of God" or “The Lord’s Song”) is a Sanskrit ... The Bhagavadgita is written in the form of a conversation between ...

[[Image:Mexico.Tab.OlmecHead.01.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Monument 1, ... people living in the tropical lowlands of south-central Mexico, roughly ...

The music of Africa is as vast and varied as the continent's ... Although there are many different varieties of music in Africa, there ...

A longhouse or long house is a type of long, narrow, single-room building ... In North America two types of longhouse were developed: The Native ...

a generic term referring to the continuation of existence after death, typically ... Is death the end, or is there something of people that survives after ...

influence the weather or crops, and as part of religious practices like shamanism ... While some deny any form of magic as authentic, those that practice ...

dæmon, or daimon) is a supernatural being of malevolent intent, or a fallen ... Most religions and cultures of the world accept the existence of demons ...

" is the wireless communication of signals by transmitting electromagnetic ... Radio technology gives humanity the convenience of extremely rapid ...

anthropology, polygamy is the practice of marriage to more than one spouse ... other's needs and hopes in a relationship of true love. ...

novelist and poet, the youngest member of the Brontë literary family. The daughter of a poor Irish clergyman in the Church of England, Anne ...

Gilbert and Sullivan refers to the Victorian era partnership of librettist ... Gilbert, who wrote the words, created fanciful topsy-turvy worlds ...

Ganesha is one of the most easily recognizable gods in the Hindu pantheon ... Widely worshiped among Hindus as the lord of beginnings, Ganesha is honored ...

magic and the occult, he also devoted much of his life to alchemy, divination ... Dee straddled the worlds of science and magic just as the two disciplines ...

an American education, writer, and orator best known for his work in the ... Campbell's recognition of the universality of human stories allows ...

died in Adyar, India where she was President of the Theosophical Society from ... satisfied if I could have touched the hem of [her] garment" ...

to transport material from the surface of a celestial body, particularly ... ) However, current technology is not capable of manufacturing practical materials ...

from c. 1500 B.C.E. At the height of its power, during the fourteenth ... have bridged the Indic and Middle Eastern worlds, regardless of geographical ...

Musical theater is a form of theater combining music, songs, spoken ... Some of the best-loved musicals, such as Oklahoma!, The Sound of Music ...

(1981), which won the Booker Prize. Much of his early fiction is set on ... The title refers to several verses of the Qur'an that were later ...

a major philanthropist, and the founder of the Carnegie Steel Company ... Carnegie's writings provide insight into his philosophy of successful ...

regime from 1933 to 1945. He was one of Adolf Hitler's closest ... Heidelberg University in 1921, on the basis of a doctoral thesis on eighteenth ...

shortcomings are held up to censure by means of ridicule, derision, burlesque ... they live in the "best of all possible worlds." Following ...

as an inventor and scientist. At the age of 56 he entered into a spiritual ... his theology as for his mysticism, for much of it was centuries ahead of its ...

is one of the seven emirates that constitute the United Arab Emirates ... The modern emirate of Dubai was created with the formation of the ...

Rainbow flag is the most recognized symbol of the LGBT rights movement.]] and people broadly fighting for the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and ...

pre-Christian legends and religious beliefs of the Scandinavian people and ... literature, as well as for other forms of artwork (including visual representations ...

Age circa 800 C.E. With the conversion of the land to Christianity around ... (late eighteenth century), the first writer of burlesque ballads; and August ...

Landscape Painting in the American tradition, depicts the scenery ... In The Beginning, All the World was America - John Locke ...

identities. The term is used in a variety of ways to describe phenomena ... Many contemporary advocates of identity politics take an intersectional ...

== Evolution of the glyph == J upside down. The main contribution of the western Ghubar Arabs was ...

refers in its broadest sense to a denial of theism (the belief in the existence ... or not God exists received from him one of his famous "silences. ...

, or Tunisia, with a population of over 10 million, is a predominately ... Forty per cent of the country is comprised of the Sahara Desert, with ...

at its capital in Constantinople. Much of this territory had first fallen ... There is no consensus on the starting date of the Byzantine period ...

to the religion developed from the teachings of the Persian prophet Zarathushtra ... influential on the history, culture, and art of Persia, as well as on the development ...

Estonia (older English spelling Esthonia), officially the Republic ... was dominated by foreign powers through much of its history. The past eight ...

important and controversial English writer of the twentieth century, and ... Although he is now esteemed as one of the most important figures in ...

, meaning "verses of wisdom") is the oldest translatable ... It is one of the oldest extant texts of any Indo-European language ...

. Swaminarayan was handed the leadership of the Uddhav Sampraday in 1802 ... Under the leadership of Swaminarayan, the movement gained strength ...

Social psychology is a branch of psychology that studies cognitive ... impact not only on the academic worlds of psychology, sociology ...

He often drew upon his own life experiences and addressed the nature ... The novel The Man in the High Castle bridged the genres of alternate ...

speakers (not necessarily native speakers) of the Arabic language. It does ... Arabic literature emerged in the sixth century with only fragments ...

Chicago is the largest city in the state of Illinois and the largest ... Located at the site of a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi ...

producer, head writer, showrunner, and host of the preschool television series ... area shows for youth. Over the course of three decades, Rogers became ...

Tasmania is an Australian island and a state of the same name. The ... Tasmania's history is one of grim and sometimes brutal relations ...

that it stays aloft primarily by means of a large cavity filled with ... Airships were the first form of aircraft to make controlled, powered ...

region, excluding Scandinavia and most of Russia, but including the easternmost ... among the different Inuit and Yupik groups. Of particular note are their shamanistic ...

Prussia. Quite generally regarded as one of history’s truly great thinkers ... the absolute, but speculative certainties of the continental rationalism ...

cultural tradition. Although considered part of the culture of Spain in general ... Once the seeds of flamenco were planted in Andalusia, it grew as a ...

for "Reconquest") was a period of 750 years in which several ... themselves and even support certain rulers of the "other side." ...

Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction between individuals of ... and sexual expression between individuals of the same sex. Today attitudes ...

Eastern country situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest ... in a little over 30 years, from a collection of poor desert-coast sheikdoms ...

Kansas City is the largest city in the state of Missouri. It encompasses ... Kansas City was founded in 1838 as the "Town of Kansas" ...

/kɛlt/ now refers primarily to a member of any of a number of peoples ... Although today restricted to the Atlantic coast of Western Europe ...

ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ) ruled most of the western Deccan, South India ... For over a century, the two empires of southern India, the Western ...

| order=26th President of the United States | date1=September 14, 1901 ... | date of birth=October 27, 1858 | place of birth=New York City, New York ...

island country that sits off the east coast of Asia. Japan comprises over ... that people were living on the islands of Japan as early as 35,000 B ...

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ( Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg ... Germanic Europe, borrowing customs from each of the distinct traditions. Although ...

is the home stellar system for human beings and all known forms of ... with their four known moons, and billions of small bodies, classified primarily ...

October 17, 1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the ... Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola in the Duchy of Warsaw and grew ...

This article focuses on the civilization of China and its history ... and nation in East Asia. It is one of the world's oldest civilizations ...

Europe, that followed an aesthetic ideology of excess and artificiality. Barrès referred to a particular group of writers as Decadents. It emerged ...

The Navajo (also Navaho) people of the southwestern United States ... influenced their lifestyle both in terms of agriculture and art. The famous ...

The Scramble for Africa (or the Race for Africa) was the proliferation ... The latter half of the nineteenth century saw the transition from ...

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien Order of the British Empire (January 3, ... His works address the inner struggle of good and evil within each of ...

Kurufa was a medieval West African state of the Mandinka from c. 1235 to ... The kingdom included the ancient city of Timbuktu, which was flourishing ...

Paul of Tarsus (originally Saul of Tarsus), also known as Saint Paul ... before his conversion was a great persecutor of Christians. His experience ...

Nepal, known officially as the State of Nepal, is a landlocked Himalayan ... Although the country is the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, who ...

15, 1810) was a noted writer and critic of British children's literature ... intent on promoting the Established Church of Britain and on teaching young ...

), or Jesus in the New Testament, is considered to be a Messenger ... Muslims believe that Jesus will return to earth near the Day of Judgment ...

Aesthetics (also spelled esthetics) is a branch of philosophy; it ... Baumgarten in 1735 to mean "the science of how things are known via the ...

Christianity became the official religion of Europe and so suffered from ... The dominant form of anti-Semitism from the nineteenth century until ...

"bind, connect") denotes a set of common beliefs and practices ... The social structure of the world's religious traditions can ...

Augustine of Hippo or Saint Augustine (November 13, 354 – August ... Born in what is present-day Algeria as the eldest son of Saint Monica ...

The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements ... weeks before the expedition which warned of an impending British search ...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with molecular structures ... properties and are efficient conductors of heat. Their novel properties ...

book superhero widely considered to be one of the most famous and popular ... strips, and video games. With the success of his adventures, Superman helped ...

Baptist minister. He is considered one of the most influential Christian ... work reached beyond a narrow understanding of Christianity, embracing people ...

. A large part of the European drainage basin empties into the North ... Much of the sea's coastal features are the result of glacial ...

the Latin or Turkish), is the founder of Islam—the world's second ... and Medina are cities in the Hejaz region of present day Saudi Arabia. He ...

1878 until 1918, Montenegro was later a part of various incarnations of Yugoslavia ... Based on the results of a referendum, Montenegro declared independence ...

are usually credited with being the founders of analytic philosophy. A prolific ... Russell was born at the height of Britain's economic and political ...

The modern state of Romania was formed by the merging of the Danubian ... to concentration camps and executions of between 280,000 to 380,000 Jews. ...

Wilhelm II ; Prince Frederick William Victor Albert of Prussia (January ... the one hand, he was unhappy with the scale of the war. On the other hand ...

Iran (ايران, Īrān), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ... The history of Iran covers over four thousand years. Throughout history ...

and endless debate as the topic of God. In the English language ... Throughout history, the vast majority of people in the world have ...

Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain ( Reino de España (both bordering Morocco). It is the largest of the three sovereign nations ...

) is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous ... Mexico City is one of the most important cultural and financial centers ...

in its metropolitan area, and the capital of the geographic region of Macedonia ... ) or "co-reigning" city of the Byzantine Empire alongside ...