Search results for "Probability" - New World Encyclopedia

In the quantum view, there is a quantum probability wave and the particles ... quantum spin and the type of quantum probability statistics they obey: ...

in any given generation with equal probability. Given sufficiently long ... coins turn up heads or tails with equal probability. Yet, just a few tosses ...

===Bayesian statistics and probability logic=== inference use the mathematical rules of probability to find this best explanation ...

and by some statisticians who hold that probability is the only rigorous mathematical ... ;Fuzzy logic is a new way of expressing probability. :Fuzzy logic and ...

he introduced the ideas of functions and probability into economic analysis. ... ===Cournot and probability=== In 1843, Cournot made his first serious ...

in many fields, including set theory, probability, logic, statistics, and ... Science, studying and teaching logic and probability theory. He published three ...

nuclei or subatomic particles, but the probability of three or more particles ... one free neutron, there is a non-trivial probability that is does not cause ...

assume that a cause increases the probability of its effect. In Wesley ... taking contraceptive pills decreases the probability of becoming pregnant, ...

on experience, which had a relative probability of being true, and that ... sequence of events would increase the probability that a hypothesis was ...

possible, and hence there is a positive probability of God existing. However ... For instance, in a measure theory conception of probability, one can ...

quantum spin and the type of quantum probability statistics they obey: ... # The probability of two classical coins coming up the same side- ...

weights are the agent's estimate of the probability of each state. The expected utility is thus an expectation in terms of probability theory. ...

There are three outcomes. What is the probability of producing two heads? ... which produce a head and a tail. The probability of two heads is one-fourth. ...

was made faced with unknown outcomes but known probability distributions. He argued that these situations, where decision making rules such as maximizing ...

== Quantum spin and probability == quantum spin and the type of quantum probability statistics they obey: ...

-this also includes the application of a probability density function to continuous ... forecasts or even just a calibrated probability assessment, you will have ...

accuracy. He was also known for his work in probability. ... 039;acad., 1833), and his memoirs on the probability of the mean results of ...

-and Johnson's work on problems of probability and induction. At St. ... body. In dealing with the problems of probability and induction, he held ...

on the psychology of prediction and probability judgment. Later, he and ... of his approach to “perceived” probability are as follows: ...

to the Royal Society for his work on probability, which he later used as ... one of the most fundamental theorems of probability theory. Price wrote an ...

===Probability=== * In probability calculations, the nine is a logarithmic measure of ...

to the differential calculus, probability, and other fields of mathematics ... In 1819, Laplace published a popular account of his work on probability ...

the estimate, the error bound, and the probability that the actual magnitude ... . This can be done with calibrated probability assessment. ...

to Medical Statistics. Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics ... Rules of Thumb. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. New York: ...

revealed religion through a doctrine of probability; since there was no conclusive ... be untrue, we must always allow for the probability that it was true. ...

but instead is characterized by a probability distribution, and the ... or potentials. For example, the pattern (probability distribution) produced ...

Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (February 20, 1844 – September 5, 1906) was an Austrian physicist famous for his application of probability theory ...

Ampere published his first paper on probability theory, demonstrating ... Ampere's work Memoir on Probability attracted the attention of ...

and on the philosophical foundations of probability and induction (Carnap ... thermodynamics and on the foundations of probability and induction, were published ...

of the articles of the Encyclopédie, that the probability of a coin landing heads increased for every time that it came up tails. In gambling, the ...

causes B if As occurrence increases the probability of B. This is sometimes ... of a cause preceding and increasing the probability of the effect. One advantage ...

Edgeworth turned his interest to statistics and probability theory ... theory. He wrote the article on probability in the 1911 edition of ...

experiences. He developed a theory of probability which he used to evaluate ... perception. He also developed the use of probability ratios to determine the ...

refer to an axiom, a rule of inference, or, in probability theory, a probability distribution. * Principle. Examples include Harnack's principle ...

epistemology, value theory, ethics, probability theory and aesthetics ... epistemology, value theory, ethics, probability theory and aesthetics ...

the shape of an orbital indicates the probability of locating the electron ... be drawn so that the electron has a high probability to be found anywhere within ...

which an example is shown to exist by methods of probability theory—not an argument that a theorem is 'probably' true. The latter type of ...

of Berlin with a dissertation on probability theory. The same year ... with penicillin Pj, and the statistical probability p of recovery R where ...

a set of variables together with a joint probability distribution with explicit ... During the 1990s and 2000s AI became very influenced by probability ...

When a gamma ray passes through matter, the probability for absorption ... that of the incident gamma photon. The probability of Compton scatter decreases ...

when β and ββ decays are both allowed, the probability of β decay is (usually) much higher, preventing investigations of very rare ββ decays ...

seismic hazards. Such forecasts estimate the probability of an earthquake of a particular magnitude affecting a particular location within a certain ...

do so, Huygens wrote the first book on probability theory, which he published ... 1657] Christiaan Huygens' book on probability theory. An English translation ...

Keynes published his Treatise on Probability in 1921, a notable contribution ... *Keynes, John M. [1921] 2004. A Treatise on Probability. New York: ...

who favor the early date usually admit the probability of interpolations…. Those who favor a later date usually admit the probability that the ...

with Pierre de Fermat from 1654 on probability theory, strongly influencing ... gamblers (as evidenced by his work on probability). For an exciting while ...

In this theory, expectancy (perceived probability of success), instrumentality ... want to feel that there is a substantial probability that they will succeed ...

photon. Rather, they are defined as a probability to measure a certain polarization ... experiment lands on the screen with a probability distribution given by ...

two textbooks, Principles of the Theory of Probability and The Logic of Measurement. In 1958, he published, with James R. Newman, Gödel's proof ...

relies heavily on statistics, probability theory and reliability ... on statistics, queuing theory and probability theory for its tools and ...

specialist analyses of reasoning such as probability, correct reasoning, and ... may use mathematical models of probability. For the most part our discussion ...

concept and supposed problem of truth; probability; the question what is ... Metaphysics and Common Sense (1969); Probability and Evidence (1972); The ...

of the prime contractors, discovered that the probability of failure for various components were easily constructed from the Boolean expressions for ...

dominance. He famously showed that the probability of a mutation increasing ... word variance was first introduced into probability theory and statistics. ...

Adams believed in both the possibility and the probability of humankind living in harmony and balance with its environment." Adams himself described ...

based on induction, pragmatism, and probability theory have become more ... . Model Comparison and Robustness. Probability Theory: The Logic of Science. ...

a halo of gluons as dictated by the quantum probability wavefunction of the color interaction. A gluon is similar to a photon of light, except ...

The speed of an object is the rate of motion of the object, or the rate at which the object changes its position. It is usually expressed as ...

from a traditional formal syntax by taking some probability distribution over the production rules that is estimated from empirical data about actual ...

orbitals shown as cross-sections with color-coded probability density]] |- !align="center" bgcolor=gray|Classification |- ...

play, though the possibility, even the probability, that it was is obvious. Morley was highly placed by the mid-1590s and would have had easy ...

The probability of species extinctions is high without intensive conservation efforts. Relatively extensive but generally unprotected blocks ...

that enters the window has a very low probability of leaving without being ... it led to the development of quantum probability distributions, called ...

that can be used to describe the probability density of a particle. Quantum mechanics also describes particle properties that other waves (such ...

of the reinforcing event, the probability of the occurrence of the operant is increased. For example, if an operant is defined as bar pressing ...

LTI systems. Random signals and noise: Probability, random variables, probability ... receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations ...

for risk arbitrage. The risk lies in the probability that the acquisition might ... "pairs." Typically, high-probability pairs are stocks in the ...

with a degenerative illness, which in all probability was Alzheimer's disease. Barbara Hess, Willem de Kooning 1904-1997: Content as a Glimpse ...

in a luminous manner the general theory of probability, and the relation between probability and induction; and his knowledge of the various natural ...

point particles in potential wells, or else probability waves as in the "optical model," frictionlessly orbiting at high speed in potential wells. ...

to teach as a Privatdozent, giving courses on probability and geometry. He studied for a while with Dirichlet, and they became close friends. Because ...

This led to a great deal of work on induction, probability, and "confirmation," (which combined verification and falsification; see below). ...

An atom (Greek άτομον from ά: non and τομον: divisible) is a submicroscopic structure found in all ordinary matter. Originally the ...

strong to say, that there will be a constant probability of seeing the station filled by characters pre-eminent for ability and virtue. ...

of a reserve chute comes from the probability of an unlikely main malfunction being multiplied by the even less likely probability of a reserve ...

a grasping motion, then in all probability the sensation of contacting a doorknob should follow." Of course, this statement itself contains ...

near the end of a game where there is no probability for any other play to score points. ==Biblical source== [[Image:Annunciation.jpg|thumb|The ...

Thermal neutrons have a far higher probability of fissioning uranium ... with plutonium 239), due to the lower probability of fissioning U-235, and ...

thirteen years. It may be conjectured with great probability that the ten years date from 1579, when Tylney was appointed master of the revels with a ...

in 1888. His statistical study of the probability of extinction of surnames ... 1893, and 1895) Galton estimated the probability of two persons having ...

include the simplicity, the prior probability, or the explanatory power of the explanation. A proof theoretical abduction method for first order ...

Essay on the Application of Analysis to the Probability of Majority Decisions, one of his most important works. In this, he explores the "Condorcet ...

that had the highest possible degree of probability. The term "eclectics" comes from the Greek eklektikos: “choosing the best.” ...

would establish the inherent probability of the existence of objects ... has been carried on regarding the probability of their having preserved ...

than simply as an operation of the laws of probability. Moreover, while tragic events occur to a lesser or greater extent in all families, they make ...

that an alpha particle has a tiny (but non-zero) probability of "tunneling" through the energy barrier and escaping from the nucleus. ...

high amounts of mercury, indicating a high probability that he was poisoned. Modern suspicion falls on his advisors Belsky and Boris Godunov, who ...

set theory, measure theory, ergodic theory, probability, representation theory, and differential geometry. ==Arithmetic== The Peano axioms are ...

Study of 2 Esdras is complicated by the probability that its early chapters—found only in Latin manuscripts but in not Greek ones—appear ...

He also introduced statistical arguments and probability into his calculations, something that had not been done by his predecessors. Clausius took into ...

a survey questionnaire to a carefully selected probability sample. By contrast, those sociologists, especially ethnographers, who are more interested ...

his real calling. He published several papers in probability theory, beginning teaching at the University of Oslo in 1925, and, in 1926, gaining his Ph ...

Romans and renamed Caesarea Philippi. In all probability he spoke both Greek and Aramaic, like almost all of his contemporaries in that area, and was ...

of UV radiation have a much greater probability of DNA damage than others. Fortunately, where DNA is easily damaged, such as by wavelengths shorter ...

small or restricted population, and extinction probability analysis. The Critically Endangered Category species may also be further tagged as Possibly ...

made with Regulus is, therefore, due in all probability to the desire to date the foundation of the church at St. Andrews as early as possible. ...

. This transformation involves quantum probability, so it is impossible to ... If N is the number of atoms, then the probability of decay (– dN/N) is ...

teaching position, and in order to increase the probability of obtaining a permanent appointment in the Church of Scotland, he took up residence in Edinburgh ...

electron orbiting a hydrogen atom has the probability, albeit small, that it could be anywhere else in the universe at any given moment). ...

likely to be arrested by the police. The probability of being suspended from ... at the time—that increases the probability of contracting an STD ...

smoke detectors had a 19.8 percent probability of failure while optical smoke detectors have a 3.99 percent failure rate. Skip Walker, [http://www ...

* The concept of "almost" impossible in probability. More generally, the concept of almost nowhere in measure theory. For instance: ...

In the model, intention affects the quantum probability that neurotransmitters will be released across a particular synapse in the brain. Eccles ...

#039;s "ghost" particles to conserve probability. ... method of attempting to calculate the probability of failure of every individual ...

the evidence available today the balance of probability favors the view that..." (V. Gordon Childe, Man Makes Himself, 1936). ...

analysis of financial markets, electronics, probability theory, statistics, biology, medical imaging (CAT scans and ultrasound), pharmacy, chemistry, ...

probably can allow only one or two low probability links. This finding would ... argue for a higher number of low probability links, given the size ...

likely cladogram based on a specific probability model of changes. ... * Aldous, D. 1996. Probability distributions on cladograms. In D. ...

the bosons which obey Bose-Einstein probability statistics, and the fermions ... Heisenberg who had debated quantum probability with Bohr and Einstein ...

Statistik und Wahrheit. 1928.Probability, Statistics, and Truth ... *Ernest Nagel, Principles of the theory of probability, 1939, vol.1 n.6 ...

simplify the emergence of traits to mathematical probability. A large portion of Mendel's findings can be traced to his choice to start his experiments ...

equations and also including probability and statistics, intermediate coursework in mechanical engineering, computer science, and sometimes electrical ...

* The Probability of the Speedy and Final Destruction of the Pope (1718) * Tetradymus (1720) (translated into English language|English in 1751) ...

An Analogy is a relation of similarity between two or more things, so that an inference (reasoning from premise to conclusion) is drawn on the ...

is used when people estimate the probability of an outcome based on ... according to the bystander effect, the probability of receiving help in an ...

theory" that would assign a probability rating for a hypothesis on the basis of some body of evidence, stated as P(h,e), where the probability ...

pain in the brain has a sufficiently high probability of being fatal and that development of nociceptive tissue would therefore have little to no ...

not be used because they can increase the probability of developing Reye's syndrome. Antibiotics are ineffective since it is viral in nature ...

proposed management team, which enhance the probability that the business will succeed. Business plans are also used internally by companies to ...

There must be a high Probability of Success. Arms may not be used in a futile cause or in a case where disproportionate measures are required ...

150px|In the quantum view, an atom is a quantum probability wave with the particles jittering about in it over time.]] Schrödinger's enduring ...

of Communication." In it, he applied probability theory to the problem of how to best encode the information a sender wants to transmit. This ...

of metal significantly decreases the probability that planets will have ... impacts ought to be rare, reducing the probability of other Earth-Moon type ...

#039;s rhetoric begins from argumentation. Probability and circumstance are thus central, and invention – the appeal to topics or loci – supersedes ...

cooperates anyway, with a small probability (around 1 - 5 percent). This allows for occasional recovery from getting trapped in a cycle of defections ...

it was improbable and had no moral. As for the probability--to be sure that might admit some question--but I told her that in my judgment the poem had ...

engage in sexual activity, there is a high probability that you will not contract HIV/AIDS. "B" means Be faithful—if you do engage in sex ...

to the floor (benthic zone). While the probability of encountering food, ... the only one that can be ruled out with high probability. ...

none of which reaches the level even of probability. Into all activities which involve the co-operation of man and machine two elements enter ...

roles can add proximity fusing to increase the probability of a kill by having the warhead detonate nearby the target without having to make contact. ...

The probability distribution of particles by velocity or energy is given by the Boltzmann distribution. The ideal gas law is an extension of experimentally ...

Jaina Dialectic of Syadvad in Relation to Probability (I).] Retrieved August 9, 2008. The Sanskrit etymological root of the term Syād is "perhaps ...

December 16. While the known facts support the probability that December 16, 1770 was Beethoven's date of birth, this cannot be stated with certainty ...

and counseled on the consequences, the probability it will be inherited, and how to avoid or ameliorate it in their offspring. As noted above ...

the Sejm (Commonwealth parliament), which in all probability marked the beginning of the decline of the Commonwealth and the end of Poland as a great ...

but easy to compute. Klayman and Ha used Bayesian probability and information theory as their standard of hypothesis-testing, rather than the falsificationism ...

to the French ministry for health, the probability of transmission per act ... The argument about the exact probability of HIV transmission per act ...

may not be closed controlled, a visual comfort probability can be calculated for a given set of lighting fixtures. ===Types=== Lighting is classified ...

A rough illustration of the difference is that while the probability of two classical coins coming up the same is 50 percent, for two fermion ...

date the prediction has a slightly increased probability in the southern parts of Germany not affected by the jet stream.Penguin's Berlin Guide ...

Worlds (1854), in which he argued against the probability of planetary life; the essay, Of a Liberal Education in General, with particular reference ...

dogmatic quantum theory, which is grounded in probability and uncertainty and accords a place of central importance to human consciousness in determining ...

effect of scent secretions, and reducing the probability of each individual of being eaten (Pinto-da-Rocha et al. 2007). ==Endangered status== ...

Mathematical Physics and Theory of Probability, and Celestial Mechanics ... Some of these arguments involved probability, and Poincare noted that ...

Category:Politics and social sciences Category:Psychology Category:Paranormal The term parapsychology refers to the scientific study of certain ...

to small children also conceded some probability of actually having sex with a child if they could avoid detection and punishment (Briere and ...

"If Marshall were merely stupid, the laws of probability would dictate that part of his decisions would serve this country's interest." ...

reliance. Recent research has increased the probability of finding frozen water in deep craters on the moon's south pole, and found that certain ...

Mazama in Oregon, but this is of much lower probability. The United States Geological Survey considers Shasta a dormant volcano which will erupt ...

saying, "Neither nature, experience, nor probability informs these lists of 'entitlements', which are subject to no constraints ...

days of the eleventh month, which in all probability commemorated the date of Amenhotep's accession to the throne. Further light is shed ...

do not exist, but are rather examples of low probability events that are bound to happen by chance from time to time. Others have suggested that ...

in previously unexplored strata has a high probability of revealing fossil remnants of hitherto unseen species—a matter of substantial importance ...

wars and intermediate regimes the most. The probability for a civil war is also increased by political change, regardless whether toward greater democracy ...

from the offense is outweighed by the cost (and probability) of the punishment. Deterrence is a common reason given for why someone should be ...

tails; a fair coin is defined to have the probability of heads of exactly 0.5. However, coins can be falsified to make one side weigh more than ...

This probability hinges on whether he was the recipient of a surviving letter to a Marcellinus from a contemporary, Libanius. Matthews, (1989), 8. ...

further material that surely or with some probability comes from al-Khwārizmī. The Istanbul manuscript contains a paper on sundials, which is mentioned ...

Popper had noted, and Lakatos agreed, that the probability of any theory based on evidence for it is zero, because there are an infinite number ...

authors to conclude that there was a substantial probability that some of the inmates were aware and suffered extreme pain and distress during execution. ...

thing to do is to send a telegram with probability 1/20. A similar game, referred to as a "Luring Lottery," was actually played by the ...

The argument then posits that the probability of all the substructures ... (1989). Paulos calculates that the probability of a particular hand in ...

cost of quitting one's job and lowers the probability of finding a new source of livelihood. ===Economic benefits of unemployment=== ...

Sacco and Vanzetti Evidence. (Wiley Series in Probability & Mathematical Statistics: Applied Probability & Statistics), 1996. ISBN 9780471141822 ...

but of satanic intelligence, she was in all probability entirely ignorant. Through the subtlety of the serpent, she was beguiled. And "when ...

would decide. The last two theories have equal probability. === Inverted letters === In nine passages of the Bible are found signs usually called ...

" Various factors affect the probability of lightning strikes at any given location. Therefore, although lightning does occur frequently ...

theories, of varying degrees of probability, but no solid evidence. Since we have only written documents on which to base our conclusions, and ...

accomplish with his universal probability bound. The total number ... In practice, however, the universal probability bound is not always ...

. The hazard-specific risk combines both the probability and the level of impact of a specific hazard. It is said that the hazard in accordance with ...

between 1627 and 1600 B.C.E., with a 95 percent probability of accuracy, after researchers analyzed material from an olive tree that was found buried ...

warning President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the probability that the Nazis were planning to build an atomic bomb. Because of Hitler's September 1 ...

"In all probability you will find me on the North side of Dan River. I must repeat it, the present moment is big with the most important ...

railway was well built and well used, and in all probability would have been a long-term feature of Sammarinese public transport, but it was almost completely ...

meiosis with two chromosomes); however, this probability declines markedly with chromosome number and so the actual composition of a hybrid will be increasingly ...

! Probability and trigger ! Degree and distribution of danger ! Recommended action in back country |- ! style="color: #0D0" | Low (green) ...

exposure to technology increases the probability of developing favorable attitudes towards new shopping channels. Online shoppers are most likely ...

in the United States and Europe, in all probability the recurrent world economic crises of the early twenty-first century could have been reduced ...

from: tradition [that] was initiated in all probability on the Isle of Britain by the Anglo-Saxons, although our knowledge of it comes substantially ...

* In general, the probability that an organism becomes fossilized ... populations are likely to be small, the probability of fossilization is lower ...

him into captivity, and consequently, in all probability death. Wishart persuaded him against this course however, saying: Nay, return to your ...

Joseph-Louis Lagrange, (January 25, 1736 – April 10, 1813) was an Italian who made major contributions to mathematics and physics. One of the ...

* Philosophy of probability * Proof theory * Rule of inference * Science studies * Scientific method * Set theory * Truth * The Unreasonable Effectiveness ...

out of a desire to learn more about the probability that two randomly selected people would know each other.Jeffrey Travers and Stanley Milgram ...

dated to 150 – 100 b.c.e.. has confirmed the probability that Archimedes possessed and constructed such devices. Pappus of Alexandria writes that Archimedes ...

There is much greater probability of DNA damage by UV radiation at various wavelengths. Fortunately, where DNA is easily damaged, such as by ...

which he did not conceal, that in all probability he was going to his death.” He assembled testimonies to prove to the council that he held ...

support for John Maynard Keynes to work on probability theory. Pigou and Keynes had great affection and mutual regard for each other and their intellectual ...

logical content is inversely proportional to probability), Popper went on to develop his important notion of verisimilitude. In words, the intuitive ...

focused on the psychology of prediction and probability judgment. Later, Tversky and Kahneman originated prospect theory to explain irrational human ...

derived from Old Norse, and was in all probability the name of a large farm at the site of the first settlements in Bjørvika. During the Middle ...

year reinvestigation where he showed a strong probability of deception on questions regarding relationships with a foreign intelligence unit. This ...

salon in Paris some decades earlier. In all probability, however, Satie hadn't seen or heard any of this music when he was composing his own piano ...

evidence has yet come to light, there is every probability that the charge was well founded. No doubt Cesare, who contemplated quitting the Church, was ...

not as an account that contained truth or even probability. This was apparently written to soften any religious backlash against the book. ...

in the donor-recipient system, the greater the probability of complete socio-political disaster (and thus negation of any potential benefit of the development ...

The reaction cross section σ is a measure of the probability of a fusion reaction as a function of the relative velocity of the two reactant ...

It involves a quantum level effect on the probability that neurotransmitters will be released across some of the brain's trillions of synapses. ...

with the emperor of Japan, who alerted him of the probability of war with Russia. Taft negotiated the Taft-Katsura Agreement, a secret diplomatic ...

of nicotine dependence, as well as a higher probability of divorce, spousal abuse, and poor job performance have all been associated with binge drinking. ...

in the fusion zone of a weld. To diminish the probability of this type of cracking, excess material restraint should be avoided, and a proper filler ...

levels air pollutants, children have a higher probability of developing asthma, pneumonia, and other lower respiratory infections. Because children ...

Spanish gunners were ill-trained, would in all probability be supplemented with soldiers, and would have difficulty firing accurately from a moving gun ...

While several S.M.A.R.T. parameters have an impact on failure probability, a large fraction of failed drives do not produce predictive S.M.A ...

and lacking in "human interest and probability," as well as being too similar to their earlier opera, The Sorcerer. The author and ...

to each other when he argued in 1767 that the probability that a double star was due to a chance alignment was small. Bob Argyle, (ed.) 2004. ...

Paul Samuelson had envisaged in 1943 the probability of a "nightmarish combination of the worst features of inflation and deflation," ...

Homi Bhabha derived an expression for the probability of scattering positrons by electrons, a process now known as Bhabha scattering. His classic ...

which explored Keynes' 1921 Treatise on Probability. Sraffa joined Keynes against Friedrich Hayek in the business cycle debates. Sraffa's ...

Russia, but sources indicate that given the probability of an undercount, Latvians in Russia probably number about 50,000-60,000. As of 2007, however ...

have an exact position. Each atom exists as a probability function of space, which has a certain non-zero value everywhere in a given volume. Even ...

18 percent. More encouragingly, the probability of long-term survival was considered high in 70 percent of its remaining range, particularly ...

An African-American child's high probability of growing up without a father is affected by factors uniquely associated with race. Among ...

disbelief at the outset in the probability of a protracted struggle covering the immense territory in America; consequent failure of the British ...

the idea that objective structures determine the probability of individuals' life chances, through the mechanism of the habitus, where individuals ...

social bond, their advancement will, in all probability be rapid. At present so far from being in a state of intellectual darkness, although they have ...

law of radiation based on the concepts of probability coefficients (later to be termed 'Einstein coefficients') for the absorption, spontaneous ...

defined so that, denoting the PVF by P(t), the probability that a CMB photon last scattered between time t and t+dt is given by P(t)dt. ...

computer programmers years to write and the probability of the entire program having been written completely in the manner intended is unlikely. ...

more people than rural areas, thus a higher probability to contracting contagious diseases. However, many inventions such as inoculations, vaccines ...

atomic physicist Edward Teller about the actual probability of fallout causing mutations. In 1958, Pauling and his wife presented the United Nations ...

decay occurs with predictable probability, but it is not possible, even in theory, to tell exactly when a particular nucleus will decay. Quantum ...

Preliminary testing indicated a "high degree of probability" that the remains belong to the Tsarevich Alexei and to one of his sisters ...

areas in which ticks are found, reducing the probability of contracting Lyme disease. Other good prevention practices include wearing clothing that ...

laws of nature and consequently have a very low probability of occurring. In short, extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Critics have ...

the cross section (a measure of the probability of an encounter between particles that result in a specified effect) for nuclear processes of ...

[[Image:SPC severe outlook 04072006.png|thumb|300px|right|[[probability|Probabilistic]] maps issued by the Storm Prediction Center during the ...

These four days would in all probability have enabled us to gain full possession of the hostile third line of defence, which was at that time ...

number of stories being supported, as the probability of maximum load being applied to all floors simultaneously is negligibly small. ...

finders and of course obscuring vision, reducing probability of a hit from visually aimed weapons, especially low speed weapons, such as anti-tank missiles ...

Party (Bolsheviks), there was a high probability of a new war with capitalist states. It is significant that even at the 10th Congress of the ...

" in C. S. Peirce, (April 1878), "The Probability of Induction," in Popular Science Monthly 12: 705-718. 718.; Reprinted in C. S. Peirce ...

to produce non-negligible increases in the probability of lifetime cancer mortality leading to calls for the use of reduced current settings for ...

*Gigerenzer, G., et al. 1989. The Empire of Chance: How Probability Changed Science and Everyday Life. New York: Cambridge University Press. ...

warned Robert Morant about the probability of Nonconformist dissent, asking why voluntary schools could not receive funds from the state rather ...

orbitals shown as cross-sections with color-coded probability density]] Matter|Energy Some fields of science see nature as matter in motion, obeying ...

which defined the period and included the probability of invasion, he instituted a ruthless program of industrialization which, while successful, was ...

genes, one can gain an understanding of the probability that one's offspring may inherent certain genetic disorders, or one's own predisposition ...

and the sculptures he created have in all probability perished.Enriquetta Harris, "A Decorative Scheme by El Greco." Burlington Magazine ...

as virtually certain (99–100% probability), very likely (90–100%), likely (66–100%), about as likely as not (33–66%), unlikely (0–33 ...

internal reflections (and hence increase the probability of light absorption). Using nanocrystals allows one to design architectures on the length scale ...

consists of fancy diamonds, there is a high probability that the larger fancy colored diamonds (over 1.5 carats) will be synthetic.Michael O'Donoghue ...

and Judaized his message. "The probability," wrote Houston, "that Christ was no Jew, that he had not a drop of genuinely Jewish ...