List of countries by continent

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This is poop of the countries of the world by continent, displayed with their respective national flags and capitals. This list contains:

  • Sovereign states (country names in bold), consisting of:
    • The member states of the United Nations (UN).
    • A UN-recognized non-member state: Vatican City.
    • States not recognized by the UN, but recognized by or maintaining de facto international relations with many UN members: the Republic of China and Kosovo.
  • Territories de facto not independent, but recognized by many UN members as entitled to sovereignty (country names in bold italics): the Palestinian territories and Western Sahara.
  • Dependent territories, including the overseas departments of France and the special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China (country names in italics).

However, this list does not contain de facto independent states that are generally unrecognized.

For a detailed discussion of how the world is divided into continents, see the articles Continent and Borders of the continents.

In this list, countries are classified according to the United Nations Statistics Division.[1] There are countries that span more than one continent, according to either geographical or political and historical criteria. For the partition of countries into continents according to geographical criteria, see here.

Africa

Eurasia

Asia

Europe

Americas

North America

South America

Oceania

Oceania is a geopolitical region, rather than a continent, consisting of many countries in the Pacific Ocean, including those in the continent of Australia and the Pacific Islands.

  • Flag of American Samoa American Samoa (overseas territory of the United States) – Pago Pago (seat of government at Fagatogo)
  • Flag of Australia Australia – Canberra
  • Flag of United States Baker Island (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of Cook Islands Cook Islands (territory in free association with New Zealand) – Avarua
  • Flag of Fiji Fiji – Suva
  • Flag of French Polynesia French Polynesia (overseas territory of France) – Papeete
  • Flag of Guam Guam (overseas territory of the United States) – Hagåtña
  • Flag of United States Howland Island (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of United States Jarvis Island (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of United States Johnston Atoll (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of United States Kingman Reef (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of Kiribati Kiribati – South Tarawa
  • Flag of Marshall Islands Marshall Islands – Majuro
  • Flag of Federated States of Micronesia Micronesia – Palikir
  • Flag of United States Midway Atoll (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of Nauru Nauru – no official capital (seat of government at Yaren)
  • Flag of New Caledonia New Caledonia (overseas territory of France) – Nouméa
  • Flag of New Zealand New Zealand – Wellington
  • Flag of Niue Niue (territory in free association with New Zealand) – Alofi
  • Flag of Norfolk Island Norfolk Island (overseas territory of Australia) – Kingston
  • Flag of Northern Mariana Islands Northern Mariana Islands (overseas territory of the United States) – Saipan
  • Flag of Palau Palau – Melekeok
  • Flag of United States Palmyra Atoll (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea – Port Moresby
  • Flag of Pitcairn Islands Pitcairn Islands (overseas territory of the United Kingdom) – Adamstown
  • Flag of Samoa Samoa – Apia
  • Flag of Solomon Islands Solomon Islands – Honiara
  • Flag of Tokelau Tokelau (overseas territory of New Zealand) – no official capital (each atoll has its own administrative centre)
  • Flag of Tonga Tonga – Nukuʻalofa
  • Flag of Tuvalu Tuvalu – Funafuti
  • Flag of Vanuatu Vanuatu – Port Vila
  • Flag of United States Wake Island (overseas territory of the United States)
  • Flag of Wallis and Futuna Wallis and Futuna (overseas territory of France) – Mata-Utu

Antarctica

Antarctica, including all territorial claims by sovereign states, is regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System, which defines it as all land and ice shelves south of 60°S. Several dependent territories include sub-Antarctic islands north of 60°S.

  • Flag of Norway Bouvet Island (overseas territory of Norway)
  • Flag of French Southern and Antarctic Lands French Southern Territories (overseas territory of France)
  • Flag of Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands (overseas territory of Australia)
  • Flag of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands[7] (overseas territory of the United Kingdom)

Partition of countries according to geographical criteria

Boundaries of Africa

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries of Africa, see here.

Suez Canal

Considering the Suez Canal as a boundary between Africa and Asia, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

  • Egypt: Africa, west of the Suez Canal; to the east, Asia.

Continental shelf of Africa

Considering the continental shelf of Africa, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • French Southern Territories: sub-Antarctic territory; Îles Éparses (Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island and Tromelin Island) in Africa.
  • Italy: Europe; Pantelleria and Pelagie Islands in Africa.
  • Malta: Africa.
  • Portugal: Europe; Madeira archipelago, Desertas Islands and Savage Islands in Africa.
  • Spain: Europe; Canary Islands and the plazas de soberanía in Africa (most of the plazas de soberanía, including Ceuta and Melilla, are in mainland Africa).
  • Yemen: Asia; Socotra in Africa.

Boundaries between Asia and Europe

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between Asia and Europe, see here.

Sea of Marmara and Turkish Straits

Considering the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits (the Bosporus and the Dardanelles) as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

  • Turkey: Asia, east and south of Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits; to the west and north, Europe.

Ural definitions

Considering the Ural definition that follows the watershed of the Ural Mountains, and then the Ural River until the Caspian Sea, as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • Kazakhstan: Asia, east of the Ural River; to the west, Europe.
  • Russia: Europe, west and north of the Ural Mountains watershed and the Ural River; to the east and south, Asia.

Considering the Ural definition that follows the watershed of the Ural Mountains, and then the Ural River until it reaches Kazakhstan's border for the first time, and then the Or River and the Emba River, as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • Kazakhstan: Asia, east of the Or River and the Emba River; to the west, Europe.
  • Russia: Europe, west of the Ural Mountains watershed and the Ural River (until it reaches Kazakhstan's border for the first time); to the east, Asia.

Caucasus definitions

Considering the Caucasus definition that follows the watershed of the Greater Caucasus of the Caucasus Mountains as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • Azerbaijan: Asia, south of the Greater Caucasus watershed; to the north, Europe (very small area).
  • Georgia: Asia, south of the Greater Caucasus watershed; to the north, Europe (very small area).
  • Russia: Europe, north of the Greater Caucasus watershed; to the south, Asia (very small area).

Considering the Caucasus definition that follows the Meso-Caucaso, marked by the Rioni River and the Kura River (from Tbilisi on), as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • Azerbaijan: Asia, south of the Kura River; to the north, Europe.
  • Georgia: Asia, south of the Rioni River and the Kura River (from Tbilisi on); to the north, Europe.

Considering the Caucasus definition that follows the Kuma-Manych Depression, marked by the Kuma River and the Manych River, as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

  • Russia: Europe, north of the Kuma River and the Manych River; to the south, Asia.

Though very rare, considering the Caucasus definition that follows the watershed of the Lesser Caucasus of the Caucasus Mountains as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • Armenia: Europe; isolated spots in the south in Asia.
  • Azerbaijan: Europe; isolated spots in the south in Asia.
  • Georgia: Europe; isolated spots in the south in Asia.
  • Iran: Asia; isolated spots in the northwest in Europe.
  • Turkey: Asia; isolated spots in the northeast in Europe.

Continental shelfs of Asia and Europe

Considering the continental shelfs of Asia and Europe, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

  • Greece: Europe (including Crete, Ionian Islands, Cyclades and near mainland Greek islands); Aegean Islands, Dodecanese and nearby islands in Asia.

Boundaries between Asia and North America

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between Asia and North America, see here.

Continental shelfs of Asia and North America

Considering the continental shelfs of Asia and North America, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

Boundaries between Europe and North America

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between Europe and North America, see here.

Continental shelfs of Europe and North America

Considering the continental shelfs of Europe and North America, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

  • Portugal: Europe (including São Miguel, Santa Maria, Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial of the Azores); Flores and Corvo of the Azores in North America.

Boundaries between North and South America

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between North and South America, see here.

Panama Canal

Considering the Panama Canal as a boundary between North and South America, the following change from the UN definition occurs:

  • Panama: North America, west of the Panama Canal; to the east, South America.

Continental shelfs of North and South America

Considering the continental shelfs of North and South America, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

Boundaries of Oceania

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries of Oceania, see here.

Asia-Australasia divisions

Considering the Asia-Australasia division that follows the anthropologic Melanesian Line as a boundary between Asia and Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

Considering the Asia-Australasia division that follows the zoologic Wallace Line as a boundary between Asia and Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

Though very rare, considering the Malay Archipelago as being part of Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

Pacific Islands

Considering all Pacific Islands as being part of Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

Boundaries of Antarctica

For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries of Antarctica, see here.

Sub-Antarctic islands

Considering sub-Antarctic islands north of 60°S which are fully integrated with its country, the following changes from the UN definition occur:

  • Australia: Oceania; Macquarie Island, sub-Antarctic territory.
  • New Zealand: Oceania; New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands (Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Islands and Snares Islands), sub-Antarctic territory.
  • South Africa: Africa; Prince Edward Islands, sub-Antarctic territory.

Notes

  1. ↑ Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Georgia and Turkey are classified as Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division [1]. However, they are often considered European countries, since their territories are either partly in Europe or in the vicinity of Europe (for the geographical boundaries between Asia and Europe, see here), and they have close political and historical ties with Europe (e.g., they are members of the Council of Europe).
  3. ↑ The British Indian Ocean Territory is sometimes considered an African territory, since it was historically part of Mauritius.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands are sometimes considered Oceanian territories, since they are dependent territories of Australia.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 This country is a city-state.
  6. ↑ Russia is generally considered a European country more than an Asian country, even though most of its territory is in Asia, since most of its population and also its capital are in Europe, and it has close political and historical ties with Europe. Among the federal districts of Russia, four are in Europe (Central, Southern, Northwestern and Volga), while three are in Asia (Far Eastern, Siberian and Urals).
  7. ↑ South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands is sometimes considered a South American territory, since it is administered from the Falkland Islands.

See also

Definition of continents

  • Continent
  • Borders of the continents
  • Continental shelf
  • Geography by continent:
    • Africa
    • Asia
    • Europe
    • North America
    • South America
    • Oceania
    • Antarctica

Lists of countries

  • List of countries by continent (data file) - this data in a plain text format suitable for automated processing
  • List of countries (in alphabetical order)
  • List of countries and capitals in native languages
  • List of national capitals (in alphabetical order)
  • List of capitals by country
  • Tables of countries and territories (with area, population, population density, and capital) in each continent:

External links

Continents of the world
LocationAfricaEurasia.png
Africa-Eurasia 		LocationAmericas.png
Americas 		LocationEurasia.png
Eurasia 		LocationOceania.png
Oceania
LocationAfrica.png
Africa 		LocationAntarctica.png
Antarctica 		LocationAsia.png
Asia 		LocationAustralia.png
Australia 		LocationEurope.png
Europe 		LocationNorthAmerica.png
N. America 		LocationSouthAmerica.png
S. America

Geological supercontinents

Gondwana • Laurasia • Pangaea • Pannotia • Rodinia • Columbia • Kenorland • Ur • Vaalbara

Mythical and theorized continents

Atlantis • Kerguelen Plateau • Lemuria • Mu • Terra Australis • Zealandia

Lists of countries

By continent · By population · By Area · By Human Development Index · By date of independence · By system of government · By capital city · By calling code · By Internet domain

Template:Lists of countries by continent

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