Search results for "Islamic Music" - New World Encyclopedia

From New World Encyclopedia
  • his name, Alkindus) was known as the first Islamic philosopher, and also as ... 6th centuries. He was the only well-known Islamic philosopher of Arab descent ...
    12 KB (1,748 words) - 04:13, 17 June 2023
  • in Babylonia. A rich tradition of cantorial music flourished in later centuries ... The Muslim muezzin is a type of cantor in Islamic tradition, who calls the ...
    15 KB (2,193 words) - 19:28, 25 November 2023
  • and Abunaser (870 - 950 C.E.) was an Islamic philosopher and scientist ... instruments. He wrote a notable book on music, Kitab al-Musiqa (The Book ...
    18 KB (2,709 words) - 07:20, 16 June 2023
  • which was formerly used in classical music, utilizes 'sympathetic ... the tembûr and sehtar were used in pre-Islamic Persia and also used in ...
    10 KB (1,605 words) - 22:36, 29 January 2023
  • The 'Swathi Thirunal College of Music' and 'College ... Buddhist, Greco-Roman, Christian, and Islamic influences have been present ...
    11 KB (1,459 words) - 06:44, 12 January 2024
  • Agra Fort represents a blend of Hindu and Islamic civilization and ... Jahangir renamed Akbar Gate Hindu and Islamic architecture have blended ...
    12 KB (1,823 words) - 06:48, 16 June 2023
  • due in large part to the Fulani. Following Islamic conquest in the 1800s, non ... similar to a violin), in addition to vocal music. The well known Senegalese ...
    12 KB (1,741 words) - 14:26, 3 December 2023
  • of several traditions of classical Indian music, having received the title ... Westerners understanding that contemporary Islamic religious practices and ...
    13 KB (2,071 words) - 19:28, 6 September 2022
  • The high degree of learning and scholarship in the medieval Islamic ... to all other kinds of items such as DVDs, music CDs, computer software, video ...
    13 KB (2,008 words) - 19:27, 20 November 2023
  • == Islamic calligraphy == Islamic calligraphy [[Image:AndalusQuran ... Islamic calligraphy is an aspect of Islamic art that has evolved alongside ...
    19 KB (2,750 words) - 18:29, 25 November 2023
  • Liturgical music is a form of music originating as a part of religious ... The qualities that create the distinctive character of liturgical ...
    20 KB (3,074 words) - 20:52, 3 November 2022
  • The fourteenth century Islamic scholar Ibn Khaldun, did not use the ... Arabic religious music includes Christian and Islamic music. However ...
    32 KB (4,654 words) - 20:18, 11 August 2023
  • The Islamic Republic of Mauritania, or Mauritania, is a country in ... In 1076 Islamic warrior monks (Almoravid, or Al Murabitun) attacked ...
    28 KB (4,027 words) - 09:19, 10 March 2023
  • theoretical work on redefining the role of Islamic fundamentalism in social ... against regimes considered to be un-Islamic. His extensive writing on ...
    31 KB (4,669 words) - 02:31, 21 April 2023
  • The music of India includes Indian classical music, multiple varieties ... , revealing an influx of ideas from Islamic music. This text is the last ...
    31 KB (4,712 words) - 02:37, 11 March 2023
  • elements of Platonism, Stoicism, Islamic fatalism and reverence for ... Zoroaster, astronomy, history, geography, music and other subjects. Much ...
    11 KB (1,525 words) - 06:39, 18 April 2024
  • The music of Africa is as vast and varied as the continent's ... Although there are many different varieties of music in Africa, there ...
    35 KB (5,601 words) - 21:41, 27 November 2021
  • in North Africa. During the Middle Ages Islamic peoples were the "alien ... the relative religious tolerance of Islamic countries in contrast with ...
    18 KB (2,670 words) - 01:22, 18 November 2022
  • at the stroke of midnight with fireworks, music, and a live celebration from ... of Hogmanay celebration, often involving music, dancing, drinking, and the ...
    24 KB (3,673 words) - 09:31, 11 March 2023
  • lovers that has reached far beyond the Islamic world. According to the ... he decided then that he would make Qawwali music his career. His first public ...
    14 KB (2,139 words) - 01:20, 17 November 2022
  • often referred to as the Golden Age of Islamic Civilization. This was also ... of his mother in the governance of the Islamic empire, until her death ...
    14 KB (2,457 words) - 16:44, 30 January 2022
  • recreational drugs, tobacco, modern popular music, dancing, "mixed bathing ... and the Hadith provide guidelines for Islamic government, including criminal ...
    27 KB (4,004 words) - 07:21, 15 April 2024
  • significant publications on Hindu and Islamic law. Together with Charles ... social science. He wrote on the local laws, music, literature, botany, and ...
    9 KB (1,304 words) - 11:08, 10 May 2023
  • increased activity in various parts of the Islamic world. This period (especially ... level. Additionally, poetry, dancing and music are devotional tools used ...
    29 KB (4,602 words) - 13:45, 28 April 2023
  • Rumi’s poetry has spread from the Islamic world and into the Western ... He was a descendant of a family full of Islamic theologians and mystics ...
    22 KB (3,530 words) - 16:32, 12 December 2023
  • was named the cultural capital of the Islamic world by the Islamic Educational ... presidential rule, terrorism from Islamic militants, and economic ...
    23 KB (3,205 words) - 00:48, 21 April 2023
  • A number of these systems date from pre-Islamic times, and hence do not ... to hospitality and bravery, date to pre-Islamic times. In many Bedouin ...
    21 KB (3,226 words) - 10:21, 26 September 2023
  • mathematics, jurisprudence, logic, music, and poetry. This system ... When the Islamic armies arrived in 650 C.E., they found a multi-ethnic ...
    20 KB (2,826 words) - 18:38, 22 November 2023
  • were of continuing importance to later Islamic and European science. The ... and also enjoyed great influence in the Islamic world and the medieval Latin ...
    20 KB (3,023 words) - 17:01, 22 December 2022
  • and loving surrender to God, which is the Islamic path. ... at type of reed pipe or flute. This type of music was an integral part of ancient ...
    18 KB (3,164 words) - 16:18, 7 December 2022
  • organizations and literary, art, and music societies. Bengali ghazals. Nazrul wrote and composed music for his nearly 3000 songs ...
    34 KB (5,210 words) - 22:44, 14 September 2023
  • Eurocentric prejudice against Arabo-Islamic peoples and their culture." ... of crude, essentialized caricatures of the Islamic world presented in such ...
    19 KB (2,870 words) - 23:50, 12 February 2024
  • in 1979. There, he met the Egyptian Islamic fundamentalist leader Ayman ... Omar's Taliban, was "the only Islamic country" in the world. ...
    20 KB (3,020 words) - 04:35, 18 November 2022
  • Hindustani Classical Music is a North Indian classical music tradition ... , revealing an influx of ideas from Islamic music. This text is the last ...
    31 KB (4,635 words) - 15:49, 25 January 2023
  • university, made Cairo a center of Islamic learning and philosophy ... The school remains a major center for Islamic study today. The Seljuks ...
    21 KB (3,122 words) - 18:18, 25 November 2023
  • The Mahfouz family were devout Muslims and Mahfouz had a strictly ... Like many Egyptian writers and intellectuals, Mahfouz was on an Islamic ...
    20 KB (2,983 words) - 23:15, 10 November 2022
  • principles or abstruse points of Islamic theology. In another case ... such entertainments in the mainstream of Islamic scholarship, with the result that ...
    16 KB (2,579 words) - 15:31, 30 April 2023
  • a knowledgeable and respected collector of Islamic art. ... Prince Sadruddin into contact with his Islamic roots from a young age. ...
    29 KB (4,230 words) - 22:56, 30 November 2022
  • presided over one of the most important Islamic learning centers in Africa ... of historic architecture of the the pre-Islamic period. It has been described ...
    20 KB (2,929 words) - 16:28, 29 January 2024
  • to Zoroastrianism. Their short-lived Islamic legacy would count against ... He is said to have enjoyed wine and music. ==Legacy== Al-Mahdi's ...
    15 KB (2,203 words) - 22:55, 18 December 2022
  • had an impact on the thinkers of the Islamic world, and his medical and ... a lute-player who changed his interest from music to alchemy. Around the age ...
    24 KB (3,833 words) - 01:39, 8 December 2022
  • Kulintang is a modern term for an instrumental form of music composed ... The main role of kulintang music in the community is as nonprofessional ...
    41 KB (6,102 words) - 04:38, 4 March 2023
  • the second century up to the time of the Islamic invasion in the ninth century. ... began a campaign to crack down on "un-Islamic" segments of Afghan ...
    24 KB (3,495 words) - 18:33, 22 November 2023
  • Central Asia since the early days of Islamic influence. Persian literature ... of the Timurid elite to the Perso-Islamic courtly culture. ...
    22 KB (3,337 words) - 23:37, 30 April 2023
  • headdress and introduced the Latin script. Islamic law was replaced by a new ... country's workforce. From 1926, the Islamic calendar (which starts in ...
    25 KB (3,912 words) - 02:38, 11 March 2023
  • The Islamic Republic of Pakistan, or Pakistan, is a country located ... of Pakistan and formed the foundation for Islamic rule that eventually spread ...
    40 KB (5,985 words) - 19:54, 7 March 2024
  • Arabic literature flourished during the Islamic Golden Age and continues ... ==Pre-Islamic literature== Pre-Islamic poetry The period before the ...
    44 KB (6,658 words) - 21:28, 11 August 2023
  • Ahmad Y. Hassan, and Donald Hill, 1986, Islamic Technology: An illustrated ... * Hassan, Ahmad Y., and Donald Routledge Hill. 1986. Islamic Technology: ...
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  • as diverse as art, science, invention, music, and writing. ... meteorology, geography, physics, politics, music, medicine, philosophy."Will ...
    38 KB (5,454 words) - 00:21, 12 April 2023
  • Carnatic music, also known as karṇāṭaka sangītam is one of the two styles of Indian classical music; the other is Hindustani ...
    40 KB (6,040 words) - 15:47, 28 November 2023
  • Adil. His was the first of a series of six islamic dynasties consisting of ... The legal system is based on Islamic law mixed with English common ...
    34 KB (4,966 words) - 06:36, 5 November 2022
  • a huge museum exhibiting exquisite Islamic architecture, is renowned ... Over the years, the Alhambra has had widespread influence on art, ...
    22 KB (3,517 words) - 00:37, 9 January 2023
  • largest and most militantly fundamentalist Islamic guerrilla groups. After ... * Kaplan, Robert D. Soldiers of God: With Islamic Warriors in Afghanistan ...
    16 KB (2,347 words) - 23:50, 25 September 2023
  • ===Early Islamic Morocco=== [[Image:Koutobia Mosque, Morocco..jpg|thumb ... Africa, as well as large sections of Islamic Iberia, called Al-Andalus ...
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  • Qur’an, but they find mention in later Islamic works. It is emphasized in Islamic texts that angels are genderless. ...
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  • symbolic political figure of the new Islamic Republic until his death. also a highly-influential and innovative Islamic political theorist, most ...
    50 KB (7,539 words) - 20:35, 17 April 2023
  • with some evidence of its existence in pre-Islamic times. With a name meaning ... . The name is pre-Islamic and the origins are unclear. During its ...
    29 KB (4,200 words) - 05:40, 26 August 2023
  • traditions). The Minangkabau are strongly Islamic, but still follow adat, ... the transition from pre-history to early Islamic period in highland West ...
    38 KB (5,501 words) - 17:01, 21 December 2023
  • government. In 2003, a form of sharia, or Islamic law, was formally introduced. ... The culture of Aceh is basically Islamic, with Hindu and Buddhist ...
    19 KB (2,798 words) - 07:32, 14 June 2023
  • in North and West Africa) with certain pre-Islamic animistic beliefs, including ... Traditional Tuareg music has two major components: the single-string ...
    17 KB (2,554 words) - 18:38, 2 May 2023
  • under Mongol rule, received an influx of Islamic people. A very few cloisonné ... under Mongol rule, received an influx of Islamic people. A very few cloisonné ...
    15 KB (2,310 words) - 07:33, 14 January 2023
  • architecture. Sinan adapted his ideal to Islamic tradition, glorifying Allah ... * Rogers, J. M. Sinan: Makers of Islamic civilization. London: I.B ...
    19 KB (2,894 words) - 22:27, 29 January 2023
  • may be quite different from what makes music beautiful; this suggests ... of the greatest poetry and literature and music depict or are based on human ...
    53 KB (8,177 words) - 05:51, 16 June 2023
  • (on the oceans, in aircraft, and in space), music theory, acoustics, optics, analysis of financial markets, electronics, probability theory, ...
    19 KB (2,702 words) - 16:52, 2 May 2023
  • a militant, Palestinian, fundamentalist Islamic organization, which came ... was buried, the city became an important Islamic center. ...
    33 KB (4,844 words) - 04:49, 18 April 2024
  • the tenth century, contributed to the Islamic preservation of Greek science ... When Mozart organized public subscription performances of his music ...
    15 KB (2,305 words) - 08:02, 24 November 2022
  • caused disruption throughout the Islamic world. They collected tribute ... After the 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran, Bahraini Shī'a fundamentalists ...
    38 KB (5,603 words) - 05:46, 26 August 2023
  • refugees came to Ordu Baliq to escape the Islamic Jihad in their homeland ... successful in setting up an independent Islamic Eastern Turkestan Republic ...
    35 KB (5,059 words) - 20:30, 23 March 2024
  • dollar industry, ranging from roots, reggae music, Afrocentric book publishing ... Eventually, the Islamic Empire took control of the Red Sea and most ...
    22 KB (3,389 words) - 07:18, 16 June 2023
  • the tenth century, contributed to the Islamic preservation of Greek science ... Mozart organized public subscription performances of his music in ...
    16 KB (2,354 words) - 07:13, 14 June 2023
  • An Islamic nation, it is home mainly to the Tajiks, who share culture ... quot; may come from the name of a pre-Islamic tribe, and means "crown ...
    43 KB (6,221 words) - 00:52, 21 April 2023
  • that human aesthetic experience in music and art is closed tied to ... *Anna-Teresa. Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology on the ...
    11 KB (1,612 words) - 17:28, 9 November 2022
  • Strict adherence to Islam and Sharia (Islamic law)—as he interpreted ... ===Enforcement of Islamic law=== Up until Aurangzeb's reign, Indian ...
    35 KB (5,433 words) - 17:51, 22 August 2023
  • "saint," usually attributed to Islamic ascetics, whereas Bābā ... supporting the Hindu background over the Islamic, while others combine both ...
    29 KB (4,491 words) - 20:40, 17 April 2023
  • Afghānistān, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (Pashto ... using the term Afghan from at least the Islamic period. Until the nineteenth ...
    50 KB (7,441 words) - 05:59, 16 June 2023
  • of Algeria, it is defined as an Islamic, Arab, and Amazigh (Berber ... including Berber identity movements, and Islamic 'intégristes' ...
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  • to be related during the early periods of Islamic development; at any rate ... usually in darkness while the thugs made music or noise to escape discovery ...
    16 KB (2,481 words) - 17:24, 18 April 2023
  • common on the southern coast of Java, with Islamic influences. ... their lineages back to the pre-colonial Islamic kingdoms that ruled the ...
    34 KB (5,087 words) - 01:03, 9 February 2023
  • in the national philosophy known as Malay Islamic monarchy, is the head of ... based on English Common Law, and the Islamic Sharia system. There are ...
    30 KB (4,444 words) - 04:42, 22 November 2023
  • tribes, whose history goes back to pre-Islamic times. In 1867, the Al Khalifas ... civil codes are being implemented. Islamic law dominates family and ...
    34 KB (4,939 words) - 21:09, 14 April 2023
  • indigenous Malay and imported Indian and Islamic elements. ... at the request of the Paramount Ruler. Islamic law is applied to Muslims ...
    33 KB (4,723 words) - 14:30, 29 March 2024
  • the city stands in ruins, a testimony to the Islamic ravages of the sites. The conquerers considered the statues at Hampi idols, destroying or damaging ...
    12 KB (1,695 words) - 17:01, 21 January 2024
  • holdings of African, Asian, Oceanic, Byzantine and Islamic art. ... The Met's collection of Islamic art is not confined strictly ...
    38 KB (5,761 words) - 16:50, 24 October 2023
  • the unique interplay of native Andalusian, Islamic, Sephardic, and Gypsy cultures ... incorporating and transforming local folk music forms. As the popularity ...
    47 KB (7,370 words) - 23:16, 21 April 2024
  • and the practice of Pashtunwali, a pre-Islamic code of conduct, culture ... Moplahs…. How Well Do You Know Them?] Islamic Voice. retrieved 18 January ...
    61 KB (8,656 words) - 18:55, 23 March 2023
  • Library], Retrieved February 27, 2009. the Islamic Studies Library,[http://www ... * Schulich School of Music * Faculty of Religious Studies ...
    36 KB (4,859 words) - 09:30, 10 March 2023
  • and spiritually" with Islamic Law. This changed the definition ... for regional insurgencies such as Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Eritrean Islamic ...
    46 KB (6,808 words) - 22:55, 3 May 2023
  • of men. The Minangkabau are strongly Islamic, but also follow their own ... still considered dignified and beautiful. Islamic influence has also led to ...
    19 KB (2,924 words) - 18:12, 22 December 2022
  • aim of countering the possible threat of Islamic terrorism in the Horn of Africa. ... Women in Djibouti enjoy a higher public status than in many other ...
    32 KB (4,757 words) - 16:28, 29 January 2024
  • Through the Ages," in Introduction to Islamic Civilization, ed. R.M. Savory ... of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, in the ...
    45 KB (6,828 words) - 07:24, 15 April 2024
  • The Blues, a haunting, stylistic type of vocal and instrumental music ... elements of the blues have roots in the Islamic music of West and Central Africa. ...
    51 KB (7,870 words) - 05:43, 16 November 2023
  • to the spread of this austere variety of Islamic theology around the world. ... C.E., which marks the first year of the Islamic era (1 A.H.). By the time ...
    57 KB (8,635 words) - 17:04, 23 December 2022
  • Senegal will host the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) Summit ... them are talibes, those taken in by local Islamic teachers, known as marabouts ...
    33 KB (4,780 words) - 14:52, 4 April 2024
  • later Christian (Greek and Latin), Islamic, and Jewish thought. His ... in diverse subjects, and also perceived music and literary works such as ...
    21 KB (3,257 words) - 23:05, 30 November 2022
  • the region, were important stops in early Islamic trade routes. Despite its ... preamble of the constitution guarantees an Islamic inspiration in governance ...
    32 KB (4,718 words) - 17:40, 9 March 2024
  • combining the jurisdictions of tribal, Islamic, and British common law ... Taarab music is a fusion of Swahili tunes sung in rhythmic poetic ...
    29 KB (4,092 words) - 04:27, 27 February 2023
  • refugee migrants to the newly formed Islamic Republic of Pakistan. These ... The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a federal republic in which the ...
    30 KB (4,227 words) - 05:36, 4 March 2023
  • commonly of the hips, used to punctuate the music or accent a beat. Lifts or ... melodic lines and lyrical sections in the music, or modulated to express ...
    27 KB (4,010 words) - 16:20, 24 April 2024
  • of missionaries into predominantly Islamic areas was discouraged. ... Mali is the home of some of the stars of African music, and the stardom ...
    15 KB (2,110 words) - 06:37, 5 November 2022
  • #039;s highly irreverent references to Islamic practices and history were ... Rushdie's call for a reformation of Islamic fundamentalism and ...
    35 KB (5,157 words) - 01:51, 23 December 2022
  • Islamic Thai (lunar) Thai (solar) |} --> The region's chief ... Traditional music in Southeast Asia has a varied face with its many ...
    38 KB (5,260 words) - 15:15, 27 April 2023
  • Nigeria in the Organization of the Islamic Conference. After surviving ... Hausa and Muslim north of the country. An Islamic legal system was first implemented ...
    37 KB (5,342 words) - 16:58, 5 June 2023
  • purpose as the Jewish term gentile, the Islamic notions of infidel and kafir ... somewhat analogous to atheism. Though the Islamic and Jewish terms have led ...
    24 KB (3,484 words) - 10:58, 11 March 2023
  • paridaeza, a walled garden). In mystic Islamic texts of the Mughal period ... or watch towers (such as the so-called Music House, now used as a museum). ...
    30 KB (4,795 words) - 03:53, 27 February 2023
  • out a military campaign against the Islamic Courts Union. In February ... In 2006, the Islamic Courts Union took over the capital and began ...
    54 KB (7,776 words) - 15:11, 27 April 2023
  • this day. Muslim rulers nominated by the Islamic Caliphate remained in control ... concerns that they would impose strict Islamic practices. ...
    47 KB (7,144 words) - 00:00, 13 February 2024
  • Muslims. Profound differences separate the Islamic and Hindu faith; Muslims ... policy of destroying Hindu images, banning music, closing non-Muslim schools ...
    23 KB (3,546 words) - 07:14, 16 June 2023
  • a governor was installed with the unusual Islamic title of Qadi (from the ... Sports, music, and dance are the most common activities sponsored ...
    19 KB (2,667 words) - 09:21, 10 March 2023
  • under Soviet rule, Dagestan underwent an Islamic renaissance during the 1990s ... , Arabs overran the kingdom and, like all Islamic conquests at the time, incorporated ...
    42 KB (6,192 words) - 07:45, 12 January 2024
  • He became a leading figure in the Egyptian Islamic Jihad, an Egyptian Islamist ... 2002 Bali bombings. He merged the Egyptian Islamic Jihad with al-Qaeda in 2001 ...
    80 KB (10,642 words) - 07:25, 23 August 2023
  • The rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Muslim-dominated Kashmir, Hindu ... lived in relative harmony, since the Sufi-Islamic way of life that ordinary ...
    52 KB (7,879 words) - 07:24, 5 October 2022
  • city of Gadara. Ajlun is famous for the Islamic al-Rabadh Castle. Jerash ... and the Abbasids (750 –950) in Baghdad. Islamic control continued under ...
    51 KB (7,712 words) - 07:36, 27 February 2023
  • eighth century and was incorporated into Islamic Caliphate divided between ... Merv produced a number of scholars in Islamic law, Hadith, history, literature ...
    47 KB (6,838 words) - 00:25, 3 May 2023
  • Islamic funerals follow specific rites and rituals for burying the ... to a gathering place, and the solemn music is replaced by loud, upbeat ...
    37 KB (6,189 words) - 14:58, 3 December 2023
  • While Bamako is the center of the distinctive griot music, which has ... over 100,000 inhabitants, and a center for Islamic learning. Two universities ...
    22 KB (3,196 words) - 17:23, 10 February 2023
  • The word "soul" can also refer to a type of modern music (see Soul Music). ==Etymology== The modern English word soul derives from the ...
    34 KB (5,420 words) - 15:44, 14 July 2023
  • Muslim prayer and hymns are used. Islamic leaders have complained ... in the cities but both traditional African music and western modern music ...
    23 KB (3,221 words) - 11:02, 7 March 2023
  • have a wide array of other media including music CDs, computer software, movies ... that include books, videos and DVDs, music CDs, and other materials ...
    23 KB (3,301 words) - 23:36, 2 December 2022
  • which was perceived as blasphemous by Islamic fundamentalists. Her uncompromising ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Category:Philosophers ...
    21 KB (3,083 words) - 00:28, 27 February 2023
  • *Indian classical music has "sapta swaras," meaning seven ... *The number of heavens in Islamic tradition *The number of Earths in ...
    35 KB (5,128 words) - 06:47, 13 June 2023
  • Muslim forces conquered the region and Islamic rule began. The Sufis taught ... oil-rich Muslim donor states to assert its Islamic identity. In 1988, Islam ...
    30 KB (4,435 words) - 03:31, 17 September 2023
  • Romanesque sculpture is influenced extensively by Islamic and Spanish ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure category:History ...
    13 KB (2,009 words) - 04:56, 16 December 2022
  • understood as a religious duty to spread Islamic rule and faith. The Byzantine ... were also made to pay the jizya, or Islamic poll-tax which all non-Muslims ...
    23 KB (3,403 words) - 05:56, 18 November 2022
  • caste status, and sent westwards to resist Islamic military expansion. Another ... freedom. The Romani language and Roma music were banned from public performance ...
    37 KB (5,594 words) - 21:36, 16 April 2023
  • Strauss developed this point of view by studying ancient Islamic and ... category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Category:Philosophers ...
    22 KB (3,158 words) - 18:25, 21 July 2023
  • Bank, the Asian Development Bank and the Islamic Development Bank. ... violence, especially from radical Islamic groups. Kamal Ahmed, [http://news ...
    34 KB (4,736 words) - 20:15, 21 January 2023
  • in rural areas where traditional and Islamic law are dominant. Women ... The music of Guinea-Bissau is usually associated with the polyrhythmic ...
    25 KB (3,595 words) - 03:07, 12 July 2023
  • it was quickly absorbed into the expanding Islamic caliphate. Damascus came ... in these ideas the root of the decay of Islamic societies in the modern ...
    53 KB (7,689 words) - 00:57, 21 April 2023
  • took place on January 25, 2006. Militant Islamic party Hamas took 74 of the ... Hamas or "Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya" or "Islamic ...
    51 KB (7,390 words) - 17:16, 4 May 2023
  • than a dozen people. Kharimov blames the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan ... . It belongs to the Organization of the Islamic Conference and the Economic ...
    41 KB (5,990 words) - 14:07, 3 May 2023
  • Israel J. Ross, Z Ritual and Music in South India: Syrian Christian ... and has received many death threats. An Islamic terrorist group named "The ...
    24 KB (3,424 words) - 21:10, 10 December 2023
  • It also has the largest collection of Islamic art, housed at the Shangri ... of the Rocky Mountains. Other classical music ensembles include the Hawaii ...
    22 KB (3,108 words) - 13:26, 2 February 2024
  • mainly to African-American literature but also to music. ... historical period than when applied to music (1600 - 1750) (Händel, Bach ...
    29 KB (4,535 words) - 16:10, 29 December 2020
  • spread to what is now Iraq during the Islamic conquest of Persia, led ... and was the center of learning during the Islamic Golden Age, until its eventual ...
    56 KB (8,476 words) - 13:04, 6 March 2024
  • III signed a peace agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) ... also listen to contemporary American music and watch American movies. ...
    42 KB (6,083 words) - 15:26, 27 March 2024
  • of Istanbul, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, whose Islamic conservative Justice and ... Appeals for all others. Turkey abandoned Islamic law and adopted the Italian ...
    58 KB (8,535 words) - 00:22, 3 May 2023
  • eighth century and was incorporated into Islamic Caliphate divided between ... accused the Azeris of "embracing Islamic fundamentalism." ...
    32 KB (4,526 words) - 01:09, 11 November 2022
  • express or receive thoughts and feelings. Music, visual art, drama/theater ... in the original Arabic alphabet many Islamic countries have known a comparatively ...
    24 KB (3,587 words) - 04:28, 29 October 2022
  • Little is known about pre-Islamic culture in the southeast Arabian ... appealed to the Supreme Court. Shari’a (Islamic law) is the basis of all ...
    41 KB (6,013 words) - 11:40, 3 May 2023
  • topic of alleged violence against women in Islamic societies. Amsterdam continues ... November 2, 2004, by a Mohamed Bouyeri, an Islamic fundamentalist. The murder ...
    29 KB (4,176 words) - 17:26, 26 July 2023
  • influenced by its Turkic peoples, Persian, Islamic, and Central Asian heritage ... marriage ceremony, some couples marry according to Islamic law. ...
    40 KB (5,942 words) - 05:17, 26 August 2023
  • Iran (ايران, Īrān), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran ... The official name of the nation is the Islamic Republic of Iran, but ...
    82 KB (12,001 words) - 11:17, 6 March 2024
  • The movie's characters, quotes, and music have become iconic. It now ... categories. The characters, quotes, and music have become iconic, and the ...
    20 KB (2,766 words) - 14:16, 29 November 2023
  • the event marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar. War between Mecca ... Under Muhammad's immediate successors the Islamic empire expanded ...
    64 KB (10,057 words) - 01:48, 11 March 2023
  • see of the Metropolitan of Zagreb, and Islamic religious organization of ... Zagreb hosts Zagrebfest, the oldest Croatian pop-music festival, as ...
    25 KB (3,575 words) - 05:19, 13 June 2023
  • the West, where the advancing and powerful Islamic state was seen as a threat ... for a devastated European land under Islamic control, trying to stop ...
    37 KB (5,890 words) - 17:06, 23 December 2020
  • Hezbollah, literally "party of God," is a Shi'a Islamic ... Music has played an important role in Lebanese cultural and religious ...
    55 KB (7,922 words) - 06:11, 6 March 2023
  • In the late 1980s, Gaddafi began to pursue an anti-fundamentalist ... 2014 and Sirte in 2015 in the name of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ...
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  • concern was the preservation of the pre-Islamic legacy of myth and history ... figures such as Ali Shariati, the hero of Islamic reformist youth of the 1970s ...
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  • through trade with the Mali Empire. The Islamic establishment of the Mali ... Haiti, Cuba, and Puerto Rico are rooted in Yoruba music. ...
    21 KB (3,192 words) - 21:30, 4 June 2023
  • Kuwait has a civil law system, with Islamic law to cover personal matters ... that demonstrate a relationship with Islamic architecture. The best known ...
    41 KB (6,203 words) - 15:18, 22 March 2024
  • mosques in the country. The Orthodox and Islamic religious communities have ... Monuments of Islamic culture such as mosques, bazaars and baths from ...
    50 KB (7,230 words) - 10:05, 11 March 2023
  • During the Islamic invasion of India, Jaisalmer escaped direct Muslim ... arts including Kalbelia dances, folk songs, and music. ===Surrounding ...
    15 KB (2,331 words) - 12:43, 6 November 2021
  • issued against Rushdie by Iran's Islamic government for his having ... category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Norman_Mailer|177385250 ...
    16 KB (2,360 words) - 02:46, 16 November 2022
  • applied to the problem of the calendar, to music and to technology. Xu Guang ... traditional Chinese (or Ta-t'ung), Islamic astronomers, and the New ...
    16 KB (2,411 words) - 14:32, 20 May 2023
  • * al-Jawziyya, Ibn Qayyim. Medicine of the Prophet. Islamic Texts ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Mehndi|169357363 ...
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  • Chemistry, Physics, History, Psychology, Music and some specialized fields ... for Youth. There are several Christian and Islamic groups on campus, as well ...
    28 KB (3,869 words) - 19:30, 7 February 2024
  • and Ceylon. They are predominantly of the Islamic faith and speak a local ... Puasa, the day that marks the end of the Islamic fasting month of Ramadan. ...
    29 KB (4,147 words) - 22:20, 7 January 2024
  • sell deeply discounted copies of movies, music CDs, and computer software ... seen in the Sharia law practiced in many Islamic countries. ...
    19 KB (2,879 words) - 18:09, 31 October 2023
  • The coastal population is generally Islamic, and about one third is ... Music is a integral part of Malukan culture. In particular, on Kei ...
    21 KB (3,241 words) - 06:40, 5 November 2022
  • proper, as one can have a PhD in biology, music, or nursing to name but a ... Bingen who, besides her accomplishments in music, healing, and spirituality ...
    69 KB (10,119 words) - 04:14, 24 November 2022
  • often a confluence of traditional African, Islamic, and Mediterranean cultures ... Category:art, music, literature, sports and leisure 151154885 ...
    17 KB (2,544 words) - 06:05, 16 June 2023
  • from the tradition of Turkish folk music. In contrast to the tradition ... was intimately bound up with Turkish folk music, Ottoman Divan poetry developed ...
    56 KB (8,547 words) - 00:23, 3 May 2023
  • year struggle to drive out the expanding Islamic empires. The Empire's ... influence carried forward to the early Islamic world with the Muslim conquest ...
    72 KB (11,035 words) - 16:49, 23 December 2022
  • Mansur hoped to establish a Transcaucasus Islamic state under shari'a ... On October 23, 2002, about 40 armed Chechen Islamic militants who ...
    48 KB (6,944 words) - 00:48, 5 December 2023
  • (1135-1204) adopted this concept from Islamic Aristotelanism. Spinoza ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure category:philosophy ...
    17 KB (2,392 words) - 06:18, 31 July 2023
  • mosques in the U.S., and the first Islamic organization in the city ... York is also an important center for art, music, and theater in the U.S. ...
    37 KB (5,511 words) - 19:31, 14 November 2022
  • in Al-Andalus and elsewhere in the Islamic world, before they appeared ... Category:art, music, literature, sports and leisure 134820078 ...
    17 KB (2,718 words) - 06:12, 11 January 2024
  • (such as stylized versions of the Throne Verse in Islamic art). ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Jewelry|178136128 ...
    33 KB (4,967 words) - 20:02, 13 September 2023
  • and halo, also found in Christian and Islamic art, and divine qualities ... category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure category:Philosophy ...
    18 KB (2,613 words) - 15:30, 12 February 2024
  • literary work, in which "Europe and Islamic Turkey find a place for ... part by the conflict between European and Islamic, or more generally Western ...
    30 KB (4,557 words) - 10:43, 11 March 2023
  • museum-caliber art, and European classical music. The word "cultured ... essential nature. On this account, folk music (as produced by working-class ...
    40 KB (5,823 words) - 13:34, 4 July 2023
  • During the early Middle Ages and the Islamic Golden Age, Islamic philosophy ... The Crusades were, in some aspects, Europe's defense against ...
    60 KB (9,144 words) - 10:41, 10 March 2023
  • Islam separatist movement fought for an Islamic state in Sulawesi. The 15 ... made by the deceased family. Flute music, funeral chants, songs, and ...
    36 KB (5,331 words) - 23:49, 9 January 2024
  • * Islamic religious leaders * Holy orders * Caste system * Indo-Aryan migration ==Notes== ==References== *Besant, Annie Wood. The path of discipleship ...
    19 KB (2,973 words) - 13:22, 22 January 2024
  • The area then fragmented until an Islamic state was founded in the ... * Posthumus, Bram. Guinea: Masks, Music and Minerals. Hurst, 2016 ...
    23 KB (3,314 words) - 23:40, 25 March 2024
  • The music of Thailand includes classical and folk music traditions ... Thai classical music emerged in its present form within the royal ...
    45 KB (6,630 words) - 15:04, 30 April 2023
  • Faced with the Islamic conquest of South Asia in the thirteenth century ... Unlike the rest of mainly Islamic Jammu and Kashmir, most Ladakhis ...
    43 KB (6,368 words) - 05:33, 4 March 2023
  • art, divinity, forestry and environment, music, medical, management, nursing ... would later add the Yale School of Music (1894), Yale School of Forestry ...
    40 KB (5,720 words) - 10:04, 22 May 2023
  • (includes mathematics, astronomy, and music) were founded and given a ... taught: arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music theory, grammar, logic, and ...
    28 KB (4,044 words) - 12:01, 3 May 2023
  • painting, leather and metalworking, and music,especially that played on ... and artists came to Bali fleeing the Islamic Mataram Empire in Java, ...
    19 KB (2,723 words) - 05:53, 26 August 2023
  • to both forms of Indian classical music, the Carnatic and Hindustani ... Empire fell to a confederation of Islamic sultanates in the Battle ...
    50 KB (6,914 words) - 20:25, 4 January 2024
  • landscapes--birds, beasts, flowers, gods, music, people, weather, and seasons ... and is the first instance of a work set to music. Akaval and kalippa were ...
    33 KB (4,960 words) - 00:53, 21 April 2023
  • to his interpretation, Islam did not allow music, so he banished court musicians ... by divine right, rather than as subject to Islamic law. Thus, they did not ...
    31 KB (4,705 words) - 17:54, 10 November 2022
  • Hamas, an Islamic militant group fighting to replace the state of ... its recognition of Israel during the Islamic Revolution. ...
    69 KB (10,208 words) - 15:25, 19 March 2023
  • The irredentist claims of the extremist-controlled Council of Islamic ... a pious Christian king. Moreover, Islamic tradition states that Bilal ...
    47 KB (6,926 words) - 04:34, 22 March 2024
  • Telugu, Tamil and Sanskrit, while Carnatic music evolved into its current ... Purandaradasa (Father of Carnatic music),Owing to his contributions ...
    55 KB (7,789 words) - 20:20, 3 May 2023
  • wajad and is induced by dhikr, a form of Islamic meditation in which phrases ... used intoxicants, ecstatic dance, and music to remove inhibitions and ...
    33 KB (4,676 words) - 00:39, 2 May 2023
  • #039;s austerity extended to dislike of music. He is said to have banished ... Islamic law was in force throughout the state. Daftary (1994), 38. ...
    21 KB (3,293 words) - 08:37, 25 January 2023
  • of India to the art world. The music, the temple architecture ... musical tradition, called Carnatic music, with the rest of South India ...
    56 KB (8,191 words) - 16:28, 13 January 2024
  • and T.Chowdiah, became a center of Carnatic music. During this period, Mysore ... resulting in the development of Carnatic music and Kannada literature. For ...
    57 KB (8,382 words) - 23:21, 21 October 2023
  • Karakhanids) gravitated toward the Persian Islamic cultural zone after their ... or wrought iron. Burials are done in Islamic fashion, but, contrary to ...
    39 KB (5,879 words) - 16:28, 21 March 2024
  • Whilst there is evidence of early sociology in the Islamic Golden ... social sciences were also made in Medieval Islamic civilization. Al-Biruni ...
    53 KB (7,429 words) - 21:46, 30 January 2023
  • * Ajram, K. The Miracle of Islamic Science. Knowledge House, 1992 ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure 139826355 ...
    24 KB (3,604 words) - 17:15, 12 July 2023
  • (especially the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world). ... San Marco. Venice was the early center of music printing; Ottaviano Petrucci ...
    34 KB (5,043 words) - 15:01, 3 May 2023
  • became popular in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic intellectual circles, but ... Sketch, Jr, H.G. Koenig, D. Mark, K.L. Lee. Music, imagery, touch, and prayer ...
    32 KB (4,977 words) - 22:15, 30 November 2022
  • Council and Organization of the Islamic Conference(OIC). It participates ... Kazakh music is nomadic and rural, and is closely related to Uzbek ...
    51 KB (7,364 words) - 17:17, 5 October 2022
  • Nasser, expecting him to establish an Islamic regime. In response to such ... the arts, such as the theater, the film and music industries, as well as literature ...
    39 KB (5,970 words) - 04:07, 18 April 2024
  • Gabon is a member of the the Organization of the Islamic Conference; ... Gabonese music is little-known in comparison with regional giants ...
    23 KB (3,343 words) - 07:34, 15 April 2024
  • the Romans. Their belief is based on the Islamic doctrine that the almighty ... to defeat the dajjal (the anti-Christ in Islamic belief), once the world ...
    78 KB (12,289 words) - 02:54, 1 August 2022
  • by Professor C. Snouck Hurgronje on the Islamic religion, practiced by most ... while its carillon rang out with Dutch music at the news of Princess Margriet ...
    35 KB (5,252 words) - 06:40, 28 February 2023
  • a broad knowledge encompassing medicine, music, cosmology, astronomy, mathematics ... philosophy, which had been preserved by Islamic scholars, into Christianity ...
    29 KB (4,278 words) - 04:19, 31 January 2023
  • exceptional achievements in the arts, music and architecture, a complex ... India, particularly in Kerala. Short-lived Islamic empires invaded and spread ...
    64 KB (9,559 words) - 13:04, 4 March 2024
  • family's suffering following the 1979 Islamic revolution, has sold 450 ... category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure category:Literature ...
    26 KB (4,043 words) - 12:19, 24 January 2023
  • and enjoyment. The bridge was a feature of Islamic architecture. The old bridge ... Islamic Art flourished until nineteenth century, mainly as decorations ...
    64 KB (9,164 words) - 19:47, 20 November 2023
  • During the Islamic Golden Age (ninth–thirteenth centuries). Islamic ... the parts. For example, when one listens to music one hears the melody first ...
    60 KB (8,560 words) - 12:29, 1 February 2024
  • cinemas. Athens also has a vast number of music venues including the Athens ... hotspot for the city, and a number of live music restaurants called "rebetadika ...
    45 KB (6,393 words) - 18:55, 19 August 2023
  • fundamental effect on Indian cooking. The Islamic conquest of medieval India ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Cuisine_of_India ...
    28 KB (4,219 words) - 22:01, 4 February 2023
  • and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic influence in Tibet also ... The music of Tibet reflects the cultural heritage of the trans-Himalayan ...
    62 KB (9,319 words) - 23:23, 30 April 2023
  • writings had a profound impact on Islamic philosophy and on medieval ... and sentimentality), and the philosophy of music. In history, speculation ...
    51 KB (6,936 words) - 18:27, 13 February 2024
  • which consisted of arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy. Together ... The flourishing of algebra in the medieval Islamic world and in Renaissance ...
    35 KB (4,898 words) - 02:39, 15 August 2023
  • states created by Charlemagne to keep the Islamic Moors from advancing into ... Julià de Lòria especially. Andorran folk music has similarities to all of ...
    26 KB (3,798 words) - 20:00, 26 July 2023
  • redaction of the Talmud, as Jews in the Islamic lands received much better ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure 128332824 ...
    32 KB (4,820 words) - 03:57, 27 February 2023
  • describe the region at least since the early Islamic era. ... The Islamic unification of the Arabian Peninsula by the first caliph ...
    86 KB (12,843 words) - 06:24, 18 November 2022
  • a war in Iraq. These attempts to reign in Islamic fundamentalism and bring ... major city, offering classical and popular music; historical, scientific, ...
    83 KB (12,275 words) - 11:52, 3 May 2023
  • of the religion of professional sports, or of rock music. ... as Sunnis believed that leadership within Islamic communities should be selected ...
    35 KB (5,329 words) - 21:52, 30 January 2023
  • and the Serenade Orchestra. Classical music can be heard at the Yerevan ... Institute for Religious Minorities in the Islamic World, 1993. ISBN 3952034525 ...
    47 KB (6,850 words) - 03:48, 15 August 2023
  • Sultanate fused Hindu craftsmanship with Islamic architecture, giving rise ... come to perform at the popular classical music festival held each January ...
    41 KB (5,921 words) - 06:54, 16 June 2023
  • the city of Baghdad, the center of the Islamic Empire and their considerable ... In the Islamic south, the first navy of the Emirate was built after ...
    60 KB (9,091 words) - 22:04, 17 April 2023
  • which borders Hungary, and in Kosovo, an Islamic Albanian culture that bears ... have influenced Serbian arts, crafts and music. Serbian culture fell into ...
    67 KB (9,913 words) - 19:49, 21 April 2023
  • Sassanian, Byzantine, Syrian, medieval Islamic, Central Asian, and Western ... to describe important events. Although music and songs amused kings, they ...
    54 KB (7,940 words) - 19:20, 25 March 2024
  • into a naval base, continuing to prey on Islamic shipping. The island's ... of ground tone upon which the more martial music of narrative history must ...
    33 KB (5,132 words) - 14:36, 27 January 2023
  • in performing arts that include classical music and contemporary theatre ... ** Agha Khan University hospital - for its modernist Islamic architecture ...
    42 KB (6,146 words) - 08:28, 28 February 2023
  • to wrest the Holy Places of Palestine from Islamic control, was to excite a ... these cases there is a direct imitation of Islamic architecture. ...
    63 KB (10,037 words) - 21:37, 16 April 2023
  • throughout the Middle East during the Islamic Golden Age, ... level among the verbal arts, with tone or music following it, and only after ...
    69 KB (10,532 words) - 00:11, 5 March 2023
  • Islamic conquest did not involve the systematic conversion of the ... of painting. Some of Spain's greatest music is regarded as having been ...
    115 KB (17,210 words) - 19:06, 7 February 2023
  • [http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Bible/Text/Mss/ The New Testament ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure 158112428 ...
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  • The city is also noted for its appreciation of Indian classical music ... Gothic, Baroque, Roman, Oriental and Indo-Islamic (including Mughal) motifs ...
    53 KB (7,578 words) - 04:08, 4 March 2023
  • Sofia Museum and Royal Conservatory of Music). The Paseo del Prado, surrounded ... (including Roman mosaics, Greek ceramics, Islamic art, and Romanesque art ...
    75 KB (11,270 words) - 17:52, 8 February 2024
  • There are some 400 Buddhist temples, 55 Islamic mosques, 10 Christian churches ... Clubs featuring jazz and other live music line the streets in districts ...
    46 KB (6,646 words) - 03:29, 17 September 2023
  • Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Category:library and information science Category:literature Matenadaran|243131145|Saint_Mesrob ...
    39 KB (5,646 words) - 09:18, 10 March 2023
  • into Spanish for him and was fond of music. Kamen (1997), p. 4, 5. ... under Suleiman the Magnificent. Fear of Islamic domination in the Mediterranean ...
    35 KB (5,314 words) - 03:19, 24 November 2022
  • However, in medieval times, this star was a popular Islamic symbol ... of ground tone upon which the more martial music of narrative history must ...
    38 KB (6,070 words) - 17:40, 30 January 2022
  • in Persia, Arabia and in the medieval Islamic world. ===Middle Ages=== ... therapies are sometimes used, including music therapy, art therapy, or ...
    72 KB (9,918 words) - 21:54, 14 November 2023
  • traits (such as its own poetry, and music). Crete was once the center ... Islamic presence on the island, aside from the interlude of the Arab ...
    64 KB (9,298 words) - 20:14, 29 April 2024
  • for beauty and aesthetics, and can use art, music, and literature to express ... innovations such as art, literature and music. Humans are notable for practicing ...
    94 KB (13,955 words) - 12:18, 4 February 2023
  • bomb attacks were carried out by Islamic extremist suicide bombers ... of Economics, SOAS, the Royal Academy of Music and the Institute of Education. ...
    41 KB (5,950 words) - 21:02, 3 November 2022
  • Union (AU); and the Organization of Islamic Conference. ... and human rights information, as well as music and news. Radio Sierra Leone ...
    38 KB (5,601 words) - 20:08, 21 April 2023
  • and entertained political emissaries with music, acrobatic stunts, poetry ... paintings. To the Middle East, the Islamic world coveted and purchased ...
    40 KB (6,123 words) - 00:13, 10 February 2024
  • of Bangladesh" rather than as the Islamic Republic of Bangladesh. ... Song of Bangladesh Chandos Music (ASCAP), 1972. Joan Baez website. ...
    42 KB (6,477 words) - 03:31, 17 September 2023
  • Swahili literature has sometimes been characterized as Islamic by ... In Civilization IV, the title music is a rearrangement of the Lord ...
    43 KB (6,328 words) - 15:52, 12 January 2024
  • In 1258, when both North China and the Islamic world were part of ... Category:Art, music, literature, sports and leisure Category:philosophy ...
    53 KB (8,207 words) - 17:02, 10 December 2023
  • Psychology?," American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 16(2). ... * [http://www.purveslab.net Sound and Music] – Dale Purves Lab ...
    52 KB (7,802 words) - 17:57, 26 March 2023
  • when a fleet conquered Ceuta, a prosperous Islamic trade center in North Africa ... at least a cinema, some venues to listen to music and locations to see arts ...
    88 KB (12,576 words) - 00:25, 12 April 2023
  • groups include Tibetan Buddhism and the Islamic religion of the Hui, Uyghur ... of traditional Chinese art, literature, music, film, fashion, and architecture ...
    89 KB (11,967 words) - 17:55, 26 March 2023
  • Apollo was the god of light, dance, reason, music, archery and medicine, while ... Music is another medium that inspires religious emotions. Composers ...
    102 KB (16,134 words) - 19:54, 31 December 2023
  • quot; in religion, such as art or music. Eventually, Carlstadt’s ... It showed considerable knowledge of Islamic teaching, especially with ...
    61 KB (9,597 words) - 08:35, 10 March 2023
  • types of Jewish communities, Buddhist, Islamic and other spiritual and ... === Music, theater and entertainment === [[File:Teatro de la Ciudad ...
    184 KB (26,093 words) - 20:54, 1 February 2024
  • the city's first operaurl=http://www.music.columbia.edu/~icmc97/polpot ... focused on a wide range of events including music, theatre, dance, local happenings ...
    256 KB (33,767 words) - 18:54, 1 April 2024
  • entered the market, gaving insight into Islamic culture. The Book of One ... public libraries, and to a lesser extent in music shops. Since the 1980s this ...
    82 KB (12,058 words) - 20:51, 27 February 2023

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