Difference between revisions of "Heteromyidae" - New World Encyclopedia
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[[sv:Fickspringmöss]] | [[sv:Fickspringmöss]] | ||
+ | ==Chaetodipus== | ||
+ | {{italictitle}}{{Taxobox | ||
+ | | name = ''Chaetodipus'' | ||
+ | | fossil_range = Recent | ||
+ | | image = Chaetodipus baileyi.jpg | ||
+ | | image_caption = ''[[Chaetodipus baileyi]]'' | ||
+ | | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | ||
+ | | phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] | ||
+ | | classis = [[Mammal]]ia | ||
+ | | subclassis = [[Eutheria]] | ||
+ | | ordo = [[Rodent]]ia | ||
+ | | familia = [[Heteromyidae]] | ||
+ | | subfamilia = [[Perognathinae]] | ||
+ | | genus = '''''Chaetodipus''''' | ||
+ | | genus_authority = [[Clinton Hart Merriam|Merriam]], 1889 | ||
+ | | subdivision_ranks = [[Species]] | ||
+ | | subdivision = | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus arenarius]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus artus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus baileyi]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus californicus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus dalquesti]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus eremicus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus fallax]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus formosus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus goldmani]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus hispidus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus intermedius]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus lineatus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus nelsoni]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus penicillatus]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus pernix]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus rudinoris]]''<br> | ||
+ | ''[[Chaetodipus spinatus]]'' | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | '''''Chaetodipus''''' is a genus of [[Perognathinae|pocket mouse]] containing 19 species [[Endemism|endemic]] to the [[United States]] and [[Mexico]]. Like other members of [[Heteromyidae|their family]] such as pocket mice in the genus ''[[Perognathus]]'', they are more closely related to [[pocket gopher]]s than to true [[mouse|mice]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Characteristics== | ||
+ | Members of this genus range in size from 80-125 mm (head and body) and weigh 15-47 grams (Nowak, 1999). Unlike the silky pocket mice (genus ''[[Perognathus]]''), most species of the genus ''Chaetodipus'' have harsh [[pelage]] with some bordering on spiny hair. They tend to be found in arid habitats where they feed on seeds, vegetation, and insects (Nowak, 1999). Females give birth to a litter of 2-9 young after a [[gestation period]] of just under a month. The longest recorded [[maximum life span|life span]] is 8 years and 4 months (Nowak, 1999). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Species== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus arenarius]]'' - Little Desert Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus artus]]'' - Narrow-skulled Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus baileyi]]'' - Bailey's Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus californicus]]'' - California Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus dalquesti]]'' - Dalquest's Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus eremicus]]'' - Chihuahuan Desert Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus fallax]]'' - San Diego Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus formosus]]'' - Long-tailed Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus goldmani]]'' - Goldman's Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus hispidus]]'' - Hispid Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus intermedius]]'' - Rock Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus lineatus]]'' - Lined Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus nelsoni]]'' - Nelson's Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus penicillatus]]'' - Desert Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus pernix]]'' - Sinaloan Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus rudinoris]]'' - Baja Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | *''[[Chaetodipus spinatus]]'' - Spiny Pocket Mouse | ||
+ | |||
+ | Sometimes members of the genus ''Chaetodipus'' are placed in the genus ''[[Perognathus]]''. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==References== | ||
+ | *Nowak, Ronald M. 1999. ''Walker's Mammals of the World'', 6th edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1936 pp. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9 | ||
+ | *Patton, J. L. 2005. Family Heteromyidae. Pp. 844-858 ''in'' Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{H. Perognathinae nav}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Chaetodipus| ]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Heteromyidae]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[br:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[es:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[fr:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[hu:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[oc:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[pl:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[pt:Chaetodipus]] | ||
+ | [[simple:Pocket mouse]] | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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− | {{credit|Heteromyidae|463704150|Kangaroo_rat|480857618|Kangaroo_mouse|480339034|Perognathus|477546719|Rock_pocket_mouse|468027687}} | + | {{credit|Heteromyidae|463704150|Kangaroo_rat|480857618|Kangaroo_mouse|480339034|Perognathus|477546719|Rock_pocket_mouse|468027687|Chaetodipus|438191676}} |
Revision as of 19:35, 11 March 2012
Heteromyids
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Dipodomys nitratoides
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Scientific classification | ||||||||||||
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Dipodomyinae |
The family of rodents that include kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice and rock pocket mice is the Heteromyidae family. Most heteromyids live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the Heteromys and Liomys genera are also found in forests and extend down as far as northern South America. They feed mostly on seeds and other plant parts, which they carry in their cheek pouches[1] to their burrows.[2]
Although they are very different in physical appearance, the closest relatives of the heteromyids are pocket gophers in the Geomyidae family.
Taxonomy
Hafner et al. (2007) summarized the molecular and morphological data to date and proposed the following taxonomy:
- FAMILY HETEROMYIDAE
- Subfamily Heteromyinae
- Genus Heteromys — spiny pocket mice
- Trinidad Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys anomalus
- Southern Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys australis
- Overlook Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys catopterius
- Desmarest's Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys desmarestianus
- Gaumer's Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys gaumeri
- Goldman's Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys goldmani
- Nelson's Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys nelsoni
- Heteromys nubicolens
- Paraguaná Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys oasicus
- Mountain Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys oresterus
- Ecuadoran Spiny Pocket Mouse, Heteromys teleus
- Genus Liomys
- Panamanian Spiny Pocket Mouse, Liomys adspersus
- Mexican Spiny Pocket Mouse, Liomys irroratus
- Painted Spiny Pocket Mouse, Liomys pictus
- Salvin's Spiny Pocket Mouse, Liomys salvini
- Jaliscan Spiny Pocket Mouse, Liomys spectabilis
- Genus Heteromys — spiny pocket mice
- Subfamily Dipodomyinae — kangaroo rats and mice
- Genus Dipodomys — kangaroo rats
- Agile Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys agilis
- California Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys californicus
- Gulf Coast Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys compactus
- Desert Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys deserti
- Texas Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys elator
- Big-eared Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys elephantinus
- San Quintin Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys gravipes
- Heermann's Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys heermanni
- Giant Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys ingens
- Merriam's Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys merriami
- Chisel-toothed Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys microps
- Nelson's Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys nelsoni
- Fresno Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys nitratoides
- Ord's Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys ordii
- Panamint Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys panamintinus
- Phillip's Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys phillipsii
- Dulzura Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys simulans
- Banner-tailed Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys spectabilis
- Stephens' Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys stephensi
- Narrow-faced Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys venustus
- Genus Microdipodops — kangaroo mice
- Pale Kangaroo Mouse, Microdipodops pallidus
- Dark Kangaroo Mouse, Microdipodops megacephalus
- Genus Dipodomys — kangaroo rats
- Subfamily Perognathinae — pocket mice
- Genus Perognathus
- White-eared Pocket Mouse, Perognathus alticola
- Arizona Pocket Mouse, Perognathus amplus
- Olive-backed Pocket Mouse, Perognathus fasciatus
- Plains Pocket Mouse, Perognathus flavescens
- Silky Pocket Mouse, Perognathus flavus
- San Joaquin Pocket Mouse, Perognathus inornatus
- Little Pocket Mouse, Perognathus longimembris
- Merriam's Pocket Mouse, Perognathus merriami
- Great Basin Pocket Mouse, Perognathus parvus
- Genus Chaetodipus
- Little Desert Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus arenarius
- Narrow-skulled Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus artus
- Bailey's Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus baileyi
- California Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus californicus
- Dalquest's Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus dalquesti
- Chihuahuan Desert Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus eremicus
- San Diego Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus fallax
- Long-tailed Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus formosus
- Goldman's Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus goldmani
- Hispid Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus hispidus
- Rock Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus intermedius
- Lined Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus lineatus
- Nelson's Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus nelsoni
- Desert Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus penicillatus
- Sinaloan Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus pernix
- Baja Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus rudinoris
- Spiny Pocket Mouse, Chaetodipus spinatus
- Genus Perognathus
- Subfamily Heteromyinae
Heteromyidae |
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Most authorities prior to this (Alexander and Riddle, 2005; Patton, 2005) treat Liomys as a distinct genus from Heteromys.
ReferencesISBN links support NWE through referral fees
- ↑ Morton, S.R. (1980). Cheek pouch capacity in heteromyid rodents. Oecologia 46 (2): 143–146.
- ↑ Fleming, Theodore (1984). in Macdonald, D.: The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 632–633. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.
- Alexander, L. F. and B. R. Riddle. 2005. Phylogenetics of the New World rodent family Heteromyidae. Journal of Mammalogy, 86:366-379.
- Hafner, J. C. J. E. Light, D. J. Hafner, M. S. Hafner, E. Reddington, D. S. Rogers, and B. R. Riddle. 2007. Basal clades and molecular systematics of heteromyid rodents. Journal of Mammalogy, 88:1129-1145.
- Patton, J. L. 2005. Family Heteromyidae. pp. 844–858 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
Kangaroo mouse
Kangaroo mouse
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A Pale Kangaroo Mouse in Nevada
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Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
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Microdipodops megacephalus |
A kangaroo mouse is either one of the two species of jumping mouse (genus Microdipodops) native to the deserts of the Southwestern United States, predominantly found in the state of Nevada. Although native to the deserts in the southwest they have been plentiful in Missouri and Pennsylvania. The name "kangaroo mouse" refers to the species' extraordinary jumping ability, as well as its habit of bipedal locomotion. The two species are:
- Pale Kangaroo Mouse - Microdipodops pallidus
- Dark Kangaroo Mouse - Microdipodops megacephalus
Both species of kangaroo mouse live in sandy desert ecosystems, and forage for seeds and vegetation amongst the scrub brush of their native habitat. The Dark Kangaroo Mouse is also known to feed occasionally on insects and carrion. The mouse never drinks water, instead deriving it metabolically from the foods it eats. The kangaroo mouse collects food and maintains large caches in their burrows, which are excavated to a length of between 3 and 8 feet (1 to 2.5 meters). The burrow, the entrance to which the mouse covers during daylight hours, is also used to raise litters of between 2 and 7 young. The Pale Kangaroo Mouse burrows only in fine sand, while the Dark Kangaroo Mouse prefers fine, gravelly soils but may also burrow in sand or sandy soil. Kangaroo mice are nocturnal, and are most active in the two hours following sunset. They are believed to hibernate during cold weather.
The kangaroo mice are closely related to the kangaroo rats, which belong to the same subfamily, Dipodomyinae.
Kangaroo rat
Kangaroo rats
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Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
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Dipodomys agilis |
Kangaroo rats, genus Dipodomys, are small rodents native to North America. The common name derives from their bipedal form: as they hop in a manner similar to the much larger kangaroo, although they are not related. It has been noted that they are not properly characterized as "rats" at all.
Description
Kangaroo rats are six-toed endotherms with large hind legs, small front legs and relatively large heads. Adults typically weigh between 70-170 g.[1] The tails of kangaroo rats are longer than both their bodies and their heads. Another notable feature of kangaroo rats are their fur lined cheek pouches which are used for storing food. The coloration of kangaroo rats varies from cinnamon buff to dark gray, depending on the species.[2] There is also some variation in length with one of the largest species, the Banner-tail kangaroo rat being six inches in body length and a tail length of eight inches.[2] Sexual dimorphism exists in all species, with males being larger than females.
Locomotion
Kangaroo rats stay in one place bipedally. The Merriam kangaroo rat can leap 7-8 feet and quickly change its direction when landing. The Banner-tailed kangaroo rat can move rapidly which minimizes energy costs and predation risks.[3] It will also go into a “move- freeze” mode which may reduce predation at night.
Ecology
Range and habitat
Kangaroo rats live in arid and semi-arid areas particularly on sandy or soft soils[2] which are suitable for burrowing. They can, however, vary in both geographic range and habitat. In particular, the Merriam kangaroo rat ranges though Southern California, Utah, Southwest New Mexico, Arizona, and northern Mexico and live in areas of low rainfall and humidity, and high summer temperature and evaporation rates.[4] They can be found in areas of various elevations ranging from below sea level to about 4500 feet.[4] The Merriam kangaroo rat lives in stony soils including clays gravel and rocks, which is harder than soils preferred by some other species like the Banner-tail kangaroo rat.[2] Merriam kangaroo rats live in hot and dry areas, conserve water, and only use metabolic sources.[5] They survive by breaking down of the seeds they eat with their metabolism and not needing to drink water. They can also conserve water by lowering their metabolic rate, which reduces loss of water through their skin and respiratory system.[5]
The Banner-tailed kangaroo rat ranges from Northeastern Arizona southward to Aguascalientes and San Luis Posi, Mexico and from Arizona to Western Texas. They generally live in grasslands and scrublands. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats live in dry areas but have more water available to them than Merriam kangaroo rats. All kangaroo rat species are sensitive to extreme temperatures and remain in their burrows during rain storms and other forms of inclement weather.[2] Kangaroo rats are preyed on by coyotes, foxes, badgers, weasels, owls, and snakes.
Food and foraging
Kangaroo rats are primarily seed eaters.[6] They will, however, sometimes eat vegetation at certain times of the year and some insects.[2] They have been observed storing the seeds of mesquite, creosote, bush, purslane, ocotillo and grama grass in their cheek pouches. Kangaroo rat will store extra seeds in seed caches.[4] This caching behavior has an impact on the rangeland and croplands where the animals live.[2] Kangaroo rats must harvest as much seeds as possible in as little time as possible.[6] They need to decrease the time away from their burrows as they are cool and dry. In addition, being away from their burrows also makes them vulnerable to predators.[6]
When on foraging trips, kangaroo rats hoard the seeds that they find. It is important for a kangaroo rat to encounter more food items than are consumed, at least at one point in the year, as well as defend or rediscover food caches and remain within the same areas long enough to utilize food resources.[3] Different species of kangaroo rat may have different seed caching strategies to coexist with each other, as is the case for the Banner-tailed kangaroo rat and the Merriam kangaroo rat which have overlapping ranges.[1] Merriam kangaroo rats scatterhoards small clumps of seeds in many small holes.[7] This is done close to the burrow and travel costs are minimized and harvest rates are maximized.[7] Banner-tailed kangaroo rats larderhoard on large mounds.[7] This could give them extra time and energy and decrease the risk of predation. They also spend less time on the surface digging small caches.
Lifestyle
Kangaroo rats inhabit overlapping home ranges. These home ranges tend to be small with much activities within 200-300 ft and rarely 600 ft.[2] Home range size can vary within species with Merriam kangaroo rats having larger home ranges than Banner-tailed kangaroo rats. Recently weaned kangaroo rats move into new areas not occupied by adults. Within its home range, a kangaroo has a defended territory consisting of its burrowing system.
Burrow system
Kangaroo rats live in complex burrow systems. The burrows have separate chambers for specific proposes like sleeping, living and food storage.[2] The spacing of the burrows depends on the number of kangaroo rats and the abundance of food. Kangaroo rats also live in colonies that range from six to several hundred dens.[4] The burrow of a kangaroo rat is important in providing protection from the harsh desert environment. To maintain a constant temperature and relative humidity in their burrows, kangaroo rats plug the entrances with soil during the day.[2] When the outside temperature is too hot, a kangaroo rat stays in its cool, humid burrow and leaves it only at night.[5] To provide large amounts of moisture through respiration when sleeping, a kangaroo rat buries its nose in its fur to accumulate a small pocket of moist air.[5] The burrows of Merriam kangaroo rats are simpler and shallower than those of Banner-tailed kangaroo rats. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats also mate in their burrows, unlike Merriam kangaroo rats.
Social interactions
Kangaroo rats are generally solitary animals with little to no social organization. Kangaroos rats do sometime cluster together in some feeding situations. Groups of kangaroo rats that do exist are aggregations and colonies.[2] There appears to be a dominance hierarchy among kangaroo rats with males competing for access to females.[8] Male kangaroo rats are generally more aggressive than females and are more dominant over them. Females are more tolerant of each other than males are and have more non-aggressive interactions. This is likely become the home ranges of females overlap less than the home ranges of males.[8] There appears to be linear dominance hierarchies among males but it is not known if this is the case for females.[8] Winners of aggressive encounters appear to be the most active ones.
Mating and reproduction
Kangaroo rats have a promiscuous mating system. Their reproductive output is highest in summer following high rainfalls.[9]
Taxonomy
- Family Heteromydae
- Subfamily Dipodomyinae
- Dipodomys agilis (Agile kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys californicus (California kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys compactus (Gulf Coast kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys deserti (Desert kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys elator (Texas kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys gravipes (San Quintin kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys heermanni (Heerman's kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys ingens (Giant kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys merriami (Merriam's kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys microps (Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys nelsoni (Nelson's kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys nitratoides (Fresno kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys ordii (Ord's kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys panamintinus (Panamint kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys phillipsii (Phillip's kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys simulans (Dulzura Kangaroo Rat)
- Dipodomys spectabilis (Banner-tailed kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys stephensi (Stephens' kangaroo rat)
- Dipodomys venustus (Narrow-faced kangaroo rat)
- Subfamily Dipodomyinae
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nader, I.A. 1978. Kangaroo rate: Intraspecific Variation in Dipodomus spectabilis Merriami and Dipodomys deserti Stephens. Chicago, University of Illinois Press.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 Howard, V.W. 1994. "Prevention and Control of Wildlife Damage". S.E. Hygynstrom, R.M. Timm and G.E. Larson. New Mexico, Cooperative Extension Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service: Animal Damage Control, Great Plains Agricultural Council: Wildlife Committee. B101-B104.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Schroder, G.D. 1979. "Foraging Behavior and Home Range Utilization of the Bannertail Kangaroo Rat." Ecology. (60):4 657-665.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Reynolds, H.G. 1958. " The Ecology of the Merriam Kangaroo Rat ( Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the Grazing Lands of Southern Arizona." Ecological Monographs (28):2 111-127.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Lidicker, W.Z. 1960. An Analysis of Intraspecific Variation in the Kangaroo Rat Dipodomus merriami. Berkeley and Los Angelos, University of California Press.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Morgan, K.R. and M.V. Price. 1992. "Foraging in Heteromyid Rodents: The Energy Cost of Scratch-Digging." Ecology (73):6 2260-2272.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Jenkins, S.H., A. Rothstein, et al. 1995. " Food Hoarding by Merriams Kangaroo Rats: A Test of Alternative Hypotheses." Ecology (76):8 2470-2481.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Newmark, J.E. and S.H. Jenkins. 2000. "Sex Differences in Agonistic Behavior of Merriam's Kangaroo Rats ( Dipodomys merriami)." American Midland Naturalist. (143):2 377-388.
- ↑ Waser, P.M. and T.W. Jones. 1991. " Survival and Reproductive Effort in Banner-Tailed Kangaroo Rats." Ecology. (72) :3 771-777.
- Patton, J. L. 2005. Family Heteromyidae. Pp. 844-858 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
External links
- Life History of the Kangaroo Rat, available for free via Project Gutenberg—United States Department of Agriculture Bulletin No. 1091, from September 1922
- ARKive.org
Pocket mice
Template:Italictitle
Perognathus
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Perognathus longimembris pacificus
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Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
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Perognathus alticola |
Perognathus is a genus of pocket mouse. Like other members of their family they are more closely related to pocket gophers than to true mice.
Characteristics
The silky pocket mice are small animals with soft pelage, long tails, and small feet compared to other heteromyids. They have long claws which are used for digging burrows and sifting sandy substrates for seeds. They have also been found to steal seeds from kangaroo rats' dens.[1] They store these seeds in large hairy external cheek pouches. They are nocturnal and are found in arid habitats. They are not true hibernators, but will go into torpor and stay in their burrows for extended periods of time.
Species
- Perognathus alticola – White-eared Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus amplus – Arizona Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus fasciatus – Olive-backed Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus flavescens – Plains Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus flavus – Silky Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus inornatus – San Joaquin Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus longimembris – Little Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus merriami – Merriam's Pocket Mouse
- Perognathus parvus – Great Basin Pocket Mouse
Sometimes members of the genus Chaetodipus are placed in Perognathus.
References
- Duff, A. and A. Lawson. 2004. Mammals of the World A Checklist. New Haven, Yale University Press.
- Nowak, Ronald M. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1936 pp. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9
Template:H. Perognathinae nav
br:Perognathus es:Perognathus fr:Perognathus hu:Perognathus pl:Perognathus pt:Perognathus simple:Silky pocket mouse sv:Fickspringmöss
Chaetodipus
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Chaetodipus
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Chaetodipus baileyi
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Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||
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Chaetodipus arenarius |
Chaetodipus is a genus of pocket mouse containing 19 species endemic to the United States and Mexico. Like other members of their family such as pocket mice in the genus Perognathus, they are more closely related to pocket gophers than to true mice.
Characteristics
Members of this genus range in size from 80-125 mm (head and body) and weigh 15-47 grams (Nowak, 1999). Unlike the silky pocket mice (genus Perognathus), most species of the genus Chaetodipus have harsh pelage with some bordering on spiny hair. They tend to be found in arid habitats where they feed on seeds, vegetation, and insects (Nowak, 1999). Females give birth to a litter of 2-9 young after a gestation period of just under a month. The longest recorded life span is 8 years and 4 months (Nowak, 1999).
Species
- Chaetodipus arenarius - Little Desert Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus artus - Narrow-skulled Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus baileyi - Bailey's Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus californicus - California Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus dalquesti - Dalquest's Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus eremicus - Chihuahuan Desert Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus fallax - San Diego Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus formosus - Long-tailed Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus goldmani - Goldman's Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus hispidus - Hispid Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus intermedius - Rock Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus lineatus - Lined Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus nelsoni - Nelson's Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus penicillatus - Desert Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus pernix - Sinaloan Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus rudinoris - Baja Pocket Mouse
- Chaetodipus spinatus - Spiny Pocket Mouse
Sometimes members of the genus Chaetodipus are placed in the genus Perognathus.
References
- Nowak, Ronald M. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1936 pp. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9
- Patton, J. L. 2005. Family Heteromyidae. Pp. 844-858 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
Template:H. Perognathinae nav
br:Chaetodipus es:Chaetodipus fr:Chaetodipus hu:Chaetodipus oc:Chaetodipus pl:Chaetodipus pt:Chaetodipus simple:Pocket mouse
See also
- Kangaroo rat
- Springhare
References
- Brylski, P. Dark Kangaroo Mouse. California Department of Fish and Game. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
- Brylski, P. Pale Kangaroo Mouse. California Department of Fish and Game. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
- Microdipodops (TSN {{{ID}}}). Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Template:H. Dipodomyinae nav
br:Logodenn-gangourou de:Kängurumäuse fr:Microdipodops hu:Microdipodops pl:Microdipodops pt:Microdipodops simple:Kangaroo mouse sv:Dvärgkänguruspringmöss tr:Kanguru faresi vi:Chi Chuột hai chân nhỏ
External links
Sciuromorpha: †Allomyidae | Aplodontiidae | †Mylagaulidae | †Reithroparamyidae | Sciuridae | Gliridae |
Castorimorpha: †Eutypomyidae | Castoridae | †Rhizospalacidae | †Eomyidae | †Heliscomyidae | †Mojavemyidae | Heteromyidae | Geomyidae |
Myomorpha: †Armintomidae | Dipodidae | Zapodidae | †Anomalomyidae | †Simimyidae | Platacanthomyidae | Spalacidae | Calomyscidae | Nesomyidae | Cricetidae | Muridae |
Anomaluromorpha: Anomaluridae | †Parapedetidae | Pedetidae |
Hystricomorpha: †Tamquammyidae | Ctenodactylidae | Diatomyidae | †Yuomyidae | †Chapattimyidae | †Tsaganomyidae | †"Baluchimyinae" | †Bathyergoididae | Bathyergidae | Hystricidae | †Myophiomyidae | †Diamantomyidae | †Phiomyidae | †Kenyamyidae | Petromuridae | Thryonomyidae | Erethizontidae | Chinchillidae | Dinomyidae | Caviidae | Dasyproctidae | †Eocardiidae | Cuniculidae | Ctenomyidae | Octodontidae | †Neoepiblemidae | Abrocomidae | Echimyidae | Myocastoridae | Capromyidae | †Heptaxodontidae |
Prehistoric rodents (incertae sedis): †Eurymylidae | †Cocomyidae | †Alagomyidae | †Ivanantoniidae | †Laredomyidae | †Ischyromyidae | †Theridomyidae | †Protoptychidae | †Zegdoumyidae | †Sciuravidae | †Cylindrodontidae |
† indicates extinct taxa |
Template:H. Dipodomyinae nav Template:H. Heteromyinae nav Template:H. Perognathinae nav
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