Dean Martin

Dean Martin
Birth name	Dino Paul Crocetti
Born	June 7, 1917, Steubenville, Ohio, United States
Died	December 25, 1995 (aged 78)
Genre(s)	Big band, Swing
Years active	1940–1989
Label(s)	Capitol Reprise

Dean Martin (born Dino Paul Crocetti, June 7, 1917 – December 25, 1995) was an Italian American singer, film actor, and comedian. He was one of the most famous music artists in the 1950s and 1960s. His hit singles included songs such as "Memories Are Made Of This", "That's Amore", "Everybody Loves Somebody", "Mambo Italiano", "Sway", "Volare", and "The Beast and the Harlot". Martin received a gold record in 2004 for his fastest-selling album ever, which also hit the iTunes Top 5, and Playboy magazine recently called Martin "The greatest singer this side of the Atlantic."

Biography

Early life

Dean Martin was born Dino Paul Crocetti in Steubenville, Ohio on June 7, 1917. He was the second son for Gaetano Crocetti, who adopted the name "Guy" upon arriving in America from Abruzzi, Italy, and Angela Barra, an Italian American from Fernwood, Ohio. His father was a respected local barber, but neither of Dino's parents spoke English meaning Dino spoke only Italian until age five. This, combined with his dropping out of school in the tenth grade, left Dino with an inferiority complex and fear of speaking in public because he believed he never spoke properly.

Upon leaving school Dino began boxing, claiming to be an "amateur prizefighter" who billed himself as "Kid Crochet." Dino tried other means of earning money, but none paid as well as fighting (at his best he made twenty-five dollars per match). However, the game left with a broken nose (which a plastic surgeon later repaired in hopes that it would help Martin's career) and permanently damaged his hands because of his manager's inability to bind them properly.

Although initially hesitant to take the job as a roulette stickman and croupier for fear of showing his hands Dino eventually realized there were more opportunities for him in gambling than in boxing. So, he began working in an illegal casino behind the Rex, a tobacco shop where he had started out as a stock boy. He became so profiecient that he began working at local casinos and eventually began to travel to Florida, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. for work. At his best he was earning upwards of $125 a week. But, it was while hanging out with friends after work that his true talent was discovered. Dino would take to the stage of Columbus' Walkers Cafe and sing with the band to entertain his friends. Band leader Ernie McKay liked what he heard and offered Dino the opportunity to perform with the band. Dino took it and billed himself as "Dino Martini," cousin of then-famous Metropolitan Opera tenor, Nino Martini. But Dino lasted only a month before returning home to Steubeville. However, his friends encouraged him to return, offering to supplement his pay if he continued to sing. Dino returned to McKay but was discovered by band leader Sammy Watkins who convinced him to join his band in Cleavland. Martin took the offer and arrived in Cleavland as "Dean Martin."

Early career

Martin worked with Watkins' band, touring the country and meeting Watkins' demands that he both sound and act like Bing Crosby. However, one night while speaking to Merle Jacobs the band's agent, Martin agreed to strike out on his own.

He began to travel as a solo act in 1942, but it was his famous flop at the Riobamba in 1943 that introduced him to Frank Sinatra and made him hate New York City. Jacobs made the arrangements for Martin to replace Sinatra after his own successful run at the theater. However, Martin received terrible reviews and left the establishment after only a few shows. He continued to tour, but the venue quality dropped as well as his income. But touring ended after he was drafted into the United States Army during World War II. Martin served a year (1944-45) in Akron, Ohio but was then classified 4-F due to a hernia and was discharged. (possibly due to a double hernia; Jerry Lewis referred to the surgery Martin needed for this in his autobiography) and was discharged.

After being released from the Army things did begin to look better for Martin. The war created a shortage of talent providing plenty of bookings along the East Coast as well as his first record contract. His newly fixed nose also gave him a certain sex appeal that interested some film studios, although nothing panned out. However, it was his booking at The Glass Hat in the Belmont Plaza Hotel in New York City that was to provide Martin his greatest opportunity. For he was sharing the bill with a young performer named Jerry Lewis.

Teaming with Jerry Lewis

Martin attracted some attention from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures, but a Hollywood contract was not forthcoming. He appeared destined to remain on the nightclub circuit until he met a young comic named Jerry Lewis at the Glass Hat Club in New York, where both men were performing. Martin and Lewis formed a fast friendship which led to their participation in each other's acts and ultimately forming a music-comedy team. Given their zany antics, more than a few people dubbed them "The Organ Grinder and the Monkey."

Martin and Lewis' official debut together occurred at Atlantic City's 500 Club on July 24, 1946, and they were not a hit. The owner, Skinny D'Amato, warned them that if they didn't come up with a better act for their second show later that same night, they would be fired. Huddling together out in the alley behind the club, Lewis and Martin agreed to go for broke, to throw out the pre-scripted gags that hadn't worked and to basically just improvise their way through the act. Dean sang some songs, and Jerry came out dressed as a busboy, dropping plates and more or less making a shambles of both Martin's performance and the club's sense of decorum. They did slapstick, reeled off old vaudeville jokes, and did whatever else popped into their heads at the moment. This time, the audience doubled over in laughter. Their success at the 500 led to a series of well-paying engagements up and down the Eastern seaboard, culminating with a triumphant run at New York's Copacabana. Club patrons were convulsed by the act, which consisted primarily of Lewis interrupting and heckling Martin while he was trying to sing, and ultimately the two of them chasing each other around the stage and having as much fun as possible. The secret, they have both said, is that they essentially ignored the audience and played to one another.

A radio series commenced in 1949, the same year that Martin and Lewis were signed by Paramount producer Hal Wallis as comedy relief for the film My Friend Irma.

Martin was thrilled to be out of New York City, a place he had developed a lifelong hatred for. He liked it that California, because of its earthquakes, had few tall buildings. Suffering as he did from claustrophobia, Martin almost never used elevators, and having to climb multiple flights of stairs in Manhattan's skyscrapers was not his idea of fun.

Their agent, Abby Greshler, negotiated for them one of Hollywood's best deals: although they received only a modest $75,000 between them for their films with Wallis, Martin and Lewis were free to do one outside film a year, which they would co-produce through their own York Productions. They also had complete control of their club, record, radio and television appearances, and it was through these endeavors that Martin and Lewis earned millions of dollars.

Although there had been a number of hugely successful film teams before, Hollywood had not seen anything like Martin and Lewis. The fun they had together set them apart from everything else being done at the time. Both were talented entertainers, but the fact that they were such good friends on and off stage took their act to a new level.

Martin and Lewis were the hottest act in America during the early '50s, but the pace and the pressure took its toll. Most critics of the time underestimated Dean's contribution to the team, as he usually had the thankless job of the straight man, and his singing had yet to develop into his unique style of his later years. Most critics praised Lewis, and while they admitted that Martin was the best partner he could have, most of them claimed that Lewis was the real talent of the team and could succeed with anyone. It is worth noting that Lewis always praised his partner, and while he appreciated the attention he was getting, he has always said with complete conviction that the act would never have worked without Martin. In the book Dean & Me he calls Martin one of the great comic geniuses of all time. But the harsh comments from the critics, as well as his frustration with the formulaic similarity of the Martin & Lewis movies which producer Hal Willis stubbornly refused to change, led to Martin's dissatisfaction with the team. He put less and less enthusiasm into their work, leading to escalating arguments with Lewis. The two finally couldn't possibly work together, especially when Martin told his partner that he was "nothing to me but a f***ing dollar sign." The act broke up in 1956, ten years to the day after the first official teaming.

But splitting up their partnership was not easy. It took months for lawyers to work out the details of terminating many of their club bookings, their television contracts, and the dissolution of York Productions. Through it all, there was intense public pressure for them to stay together. Dean tired of being second fiddle to Jerry's antics, as when Martin tried to sing a song and Lewis poured buckets of cold water over his head or slapped him. It took its toll and Dean had had enough.

Lewis had no trouble maintaining his film popularity alone, but Martin, unfairly regarded by much of the public and the motion picture industry as something of a spare tire to his former partner, found the going hard; his first solo film, Ten Thousand Bedrooms, was a box office failure. He was still popular as a singer, but with rock and roll surging to the fore, the era of the pop crooner appeared to be waning, and it looked like Martin's fate was to be limited to nightclubs and to be remembered as Jerry Lewis's former partner.

He also made a public reconciliation with Jerry Lewis on Lewis' Labor Day Muscular Dystrophy Association telethon in 1976. Frank Sinatra shocked Lewis and the world by bringing Martin out on stage. As Martin and Lewis hugged and smiled, the audience erupted in cheers and the phone banks lit up, resulting in one of the telethon's most profitable years. Lewis reported the event was one of the three most memorable of his life. Lewis brought down the house when he quipped, "So, you working?" Martin, playing drunk, replied that he was "at the Meggum" — this reference to the MGM Grand Hotel convulsed Lewis. This, along with the death of Martin's son Dean Paul Martin a few years later, helped to bring the two men together. They maintained a quiet but deep friendship but never performed together again.

Solo career & "The Rat Pack"

Never totally comfortable in films, Martin still wanted to be known as a real actor. Though offered a fraction of his former salary to co-star in the war drama The Young Lions (1957), he eagerly agreed so that he could learn from and appear with Marlon Brando and Montgomery Clift. Tony Randall already had the part, but talent agency MCA realized that with this movie, Martin would become a triple threat: they could make money from his work in night clubs, movies, and records. Martin replaced Randall in one of the best dramatic roles of the decade and the film turned out to be the cornerstone of Martin's spectacular comeback. By the mid '60s, he was a top movie, recording, and nightclub attraction, even as Lewis's film career rapidly declined. Martin was also acclaimed for his performance as Dude in Rio Bravo (1959 film) (1959), directed by Howard Hawks and also starring John Wayne and singer Ricky Nelson. He teamed up again with Wayne in The Sons of Katie Elder (1965), where they were somewhat unconvincingly cast as brothers.

Martin played a nightmare variation of his own smoothly womanizing persona as Vegas singer "Dino" in Billy Wilder's adult comedy Kiss Me, Stupid (1964) with Kim Novak, and he was never above poking sly fun at his image in films such as the Matt Helm spy spoofs of the 1960s.

File:Dmartin2.jpg

Rat Pack Album cover, early 1980s.

As a singer, Martin copied the styles of Bing Crosby and Perry Como until he arrived at his own and he could hold his own in countless duets over the decades with Sinatra and Crosby. Like The Beatles at their height, he couldn't read music, but he recorded more than 100 albums and 600 songs. His signature tune, "Everybody Loves Somebody", knocked The Beatles' "A Hard Day's Night" out of the number-one spot in 1964 (In the USA only). Elvis Presley was said to have been influenced by Martin, and patterned "Love Me Tender" after his style. Martin, like Elvis, was also heavily influenced by country music. By 1965, nearly all of Martin's albums, such as "The Hit Sound Of Dean Martin", "Welcome To My World" and "Gentle On My Mind" were composed of popular country and western songs made famous by artists like Johnny Cash, Merle Haggard, and Buck Owens. Martin hosted country performers on his TV show, and was even named "Man Of the Year" by the Country Music Association in 1966. Remarkably, "Ain't That a Kick in the Head," a song Martin performed in Ocean's Eleven that never became a hit at the time, has enjoyed a spectacular revival in the mid-2000s.

For three decades, Martin was among the most popular nightclub acts in Las Vegas. Martin himself was one of the smoothest comics around, benefiting from the decade of raucous comedy with Lewis. Though often thought of as a ladies' man, Martin spent a lot of time with his family; as second wife Jeannie put it, prior to the couple's divorce, "He was home every night for dinner."

The Dean Martin Show & Dean Martin Celebrity Roasts

In 1965, Martin launched his weekly NBC comedy-variety series, The Dean Martin Show, which exploited his public image as a lazy, carefree boozer. It was there that he perfected his famous laid-back persona of the half-drunk crooner suavely hitting on beautiful women with hilarious remarks that would get anyone else slapped, and making snappy if slurred remarks about fellow celebrities during his famous roasts. Even though critics complained Dean was the epitome of sloth, few entertainers worked as hard to make what they were doing look so easy.

The TV show was a huge hit. Dean prided himself on memorizing whole scripts — not merely his own lines. He disliked rehearsing because he firmly believed his best performances were his first performances. The show's loose format often prompted comedic, quick-witted improvisation from Dean and the rest of the cast. On occasion, he made remarks in Italian, some of them obscenties that brought angry mail from offended, Italian-speaking viewers. This prompted a battle between Martin and NBC censors, who insisted on more scrutiny of the show's content. As a result, the show was often in the Top Ten. Martin, deeply appreciative of the efforts of the show's producer, his friend Greg Garrison, later made a handshake deal giving Garrison, a pioneer TV producer in the 1950s, 50% ownership of the show.

Despite Martin's reputation as a heavy drinker — a reputation perpetuated via his vanity license plates reading 'DRUNKY' — he was remarkably self-disciplined. He was often the first to call it a night, and when not on tour or on a film location liked to go home, see his wife, and play with his children. It has been claimed that Martin was usually sipping apple juice (not liquor) most of the time onstage. He borrowed the lovable-drunk shtick from Joe E. Lewis, but his convincing portrayals of heavy boozers in Some Came Running and Howard Hawks's Rio Bravo led to unsubstantiated claims of alcoholism. More often than not, Martin's idea of a good time was playing golf— not staying with Rat Pack friends Frank Sinatra and Sammy Davis, Jr. into the wee hours of the morning.

By the early 1970s, Martin seemed to have the Midas touch. The Dean Martin Show was still earning solid ratings, and although he was no longer a Top 40 hitmaker, his record albums continued to sell well. His name on a marquee could guarantee casinos and nightclubs a standing-room-only crowd. He found a way to make his passion for golf profitable by offering his own signature line of golf balls. Shrewd investments had greatly increased Martin's personal wealth; at the time of his death, Martin was reportedly the single largest minority shareholder of RCA stock. Martin even managed to cure himself of his claustrophobia by locking himself in the elevator of a tall building and riding up and down for hours until he was no longer panic-stricken.

Despite his enormous success, Martin retreated from show business by the early 1970s. The final (1973-74) season of his variety show would be retooled into one of celebrity roasts, requiring less of Martin's involvement. After the show's cancellation, NBC continued to air the Dean Martin Celebrity Roast format in a series of TV specials through 1984. For nearly a decade, Dean had recorded as many as four albums a year for Reprise records. That stopped in November of 1974, when Martin recorded his final Reprise album - "Once In A While", released in 1978. His last recording sessions were for Warner Brothers Records. An album titled "The Nashville Sessions" was released in 1983, and a follow up single "Drinking Champagne" came in 1985. The 1975 film Mr. Ricco marked Martin's final starring role, and Martin limited his live performances to Las Vegas and Atlantic City.

Martin seemed to be suffering a mid-life crisis. In 1972, he filed for divorce from his second wife, Jeannie. A week later, his business partnership with the Riviera casino was dissolved amid reports of the casino's refusal to agree to Martin's request to perform only once a night. He was quickly snapped up by the MGM Grand Hotel and Casino, and was signed to a three-picture deal with MGM Studios. Less than a month after his second marriage had been legally dissolved, Martin married 26 year-old Catherine Hawn on April 25, 1973. He divorced her November 10, 1976, claiming she was a gold-digger only interested in her husband's checkbook. He was also briefly engaged to Gail Renshaw, Miss USA 1969, and later dated an actress, Phyllis Davis.

Eventually, Martin reconciled with Jeannie, though they never remarried.

After an enormously successful film and music career throughout the fifties and mid-sixties, Dean embarked upon a relatively new medium- television. The Dean Martin Show began on September 16, 1965, in which one of the segments, a celebrity roast, became wildly popular.

The Dean Martin Celebrity Roasts became a fast favorite with television audiences and soon evolved to become its own network series. At the time Dean Martin had one of the largest contracts between a network and a star.

The Dean Martin Celebrity Roasts were a fixture on the NBC Thursday night lineup from 1973 to 1984. In those 11 years, Dean and his panel of pals successfully ridiculed, embarrassed and made fun of legendary stars like, Frank Sinatra, Lucille Ball, Sammy Davis Jr. and Dean Martin himself, to name a few.

Martin returned to films briefly with appearances in the two all-star Cannonball Run movies, but being a movie star no longer excited him and he found life on the set to be more tedious than ever. He also stepped back into the recording studio and scored a minor hit single with his version of "Since I Met You, Baby" and made his very first music video, which appeared on MTV.

Decline

Martin's world began to crumble on March 21, 1987, when his son Dean Paul was killed when his jet fighter crashed while flying with the Air National Guard. A much-touted tour with Davis and Sinatra in 1988 sputtered, with Martin's heart just not into it. On one occasion, he infuriated Sinatra when he turned to him and muttered "Frank, what the hell are we doing up here?" Martin, who always responded best to a club audience, felt lost in the huge stadiums they were performing in (at Sinatra's insistence), and he was not the least bit interested in drinking until dawn after their performances.

In fact, Martin never completely recovered from losing his son, and as a lifelong smoker was suffering from emphysema. In September 1993, he was diagnosed with lung cancer which ultimately led to his death. He courageously kept his private life to himself, emerging briefly for a public celebration of his 77th birthday with friends and family.

Ultimately, it seemed that Martin had reconciled himself to reaching the end of a long career. He had been told he needed major surgery on his kidneys and liver to prolong his life, but he refused. It was widely reported, though never confirmed, that Martin had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 1991.

At his side in his last years was ex-wife Jeannie (Bieggers) Martin, whom he had divorced years earlier. The pair became close again, although they resisted suggestions that they wed and seemed content to just be together.

Martin died of respiratory failure, at home on Christmas morning 1995 aged 78. Although widely believed, an error perpetuated by Jeannie herself, was that she was at his side at his death. The truth is that Jeannie was giving her annual Christmas party into the wee wee hours of the night and therefore was at her home with her daughter, Deana until about 4 a.m., with Dean having died about 3:15 am. Deana has attested to this on many occasions, including in her biography of her father. The lights of the Las Vegas Strip were dimmed in his honor. In 2005, Las Vegas renamed Industrial Road as "Dean Martin Drive".

Marriages and Children

Template:Cite-section Martin was married three times. Martin's first wife, Betty McDonald, tried by all accounts to be a good wife and mother to their four children, but her efforts were ultimately undone by her alcoholism. Subsequent to their divorce, Martin gained custody of their children.

Martin's second wife was Jeanne Biegger. Their marriage lasted twenty-four years (1949-1973) and produced three children.

Martin's third marriage, to Catherine Mae Hawn, lasted three years and ended bitterly.

Martin was the father of seven children and one step-child.

First Wife: Elizabeth (Betty) Anne McDonald

• First Child: Stephen (Craig) Martin, born June 29, 1942
• Second Child: Claudia (Dean) Martin, born March 16, 1944 - died 2001 (breast cancer)
• Third Child: Barbara (Gail) Martin, born April 11, 1945
• Fourth Child: Deana (Dina) Martin, born August 19, 1948

Second Wife: Jeanne Biegger

• Fifth Child: Dean Paul Martin(Jr.), born on November 17, 1951 - died March 21, 1987 (plane crash)
• Sixth Child: Ricci James Martin, born on September 20, 1953
• Seventh Child: Gina Caroline Martin, born on December 20, 1956

Third Wife: Catherine Mae Hawn

• Eighth Child: Sasha (adopted)

Popular culture

There was talk of a film biography called "Dino", with Tom Hanks in the title role (Hanks previously portrayed the singer in an episode of Saturday Night Live) and Martin Scorsese directing. But as of 2007, the project has yet to happen.

Martin was portrayed by Joe Mantegna in an HBO movie about Sinatra and Martin titled The Rat Pack.

British actor Jeremy Northam also portrayed the late entertainer in a made-for-TV movie called Martin and Lewis, alongside Will & Grace's Sean Hayes as Jerry Lewis.

For the week ending December 23, 2006, the Dean Martin and Martina McBride duet of "Baby, It's Cold Outside" reached #7 on the R&R AC chart. It also went to #36 on the R&R Country chart.

The last time Martin had a song this high in the charts was in 1965, with the song "I Will", which reached #10 on the Pop chart.

A Budweiser commercial that premiered during Super Bowl XLI featured Martin's "Ain't it a Kick in the Head."

More than 40 years after knocking the Beatles out of the #1 spot, Martin continues to be popular with music fans. Movies such as Goodfellas, Casino, Swingers, Out of Sight, L.A. Confidential, A Bronx Tale, Moonstruck, and Payback, not to mention TV's "The Sopranos" and "The West Wing" as well as commercials for the 2005 Nissan Altima, Microsoft, Marriott Hotels, Carl's Jr. and Heineken all feature Martin songs.

Capitol's 2004 collection "Dino: The Essential Dean Martin" features some of Martin's best recordings. Billboard's "Hotshot Debut" was the week's highest-charting new entry, and has sold more briskly than any previous Martin recording, going gold within months and to platinum status within a year. It also hit the Top 5 on Apple's iTunes Music Store album chart. As Bill Zehme observed in a 2004 Playboy profile, "Dean provides smooth, winking succor to generations anew."

Writer/Actress Jacqueline Susann claimed that Dean Martin provided inspiration for the character of "Tony Polar" in "Valley of the Dolls"

Discography

• Chronological list of singles and albums recorded by Dean Martin
• Alphabetical list of studio recordings by Dean Martin

Filmography

• Film Vodvil: Art Mooney and Orchestra (1946) (short subject)
• My Friend Irma (1949)
• My Friend Irma Goes West (1950)
• Screen Snapshots: Thirtieth Anniversary Special (1950) (short subject)
• At War with the Army (1950)
• That's My Boy (1951)
• Sailor Beware (1952)
• Jumping Jacks (1952)
• Road to Bali (1952) (Cameo)
• The Stooge (1953)
• Scared Stiff (1953)
• The Caddy (1953)
• Money from Home (1953)
• Living It Up (1954)
• 3 Ring Circus (1954)
• You're Never Too Young (1955)
• Artists and Models (1955)
• Screen Snapshots: Hollywood, City of Stars (1956) (short subject)
• Pardners (1956)
• Hollywood or Bust (1956)
• Ten Thousand Bedrooms (1957)
• The Young Lions (1958)
• Some Came Running (1958)
• Rio Bravo (1959)
• Career (1959)
• Who Was That Lady? (1960)
• Bells Are Ringing (1960)
• Ocean's Eleven (1960)
• Pepe (1960) (Cameo)
• All in a Night's Work (1961)
• Ada (1961)
• Something's Got to Give (1962) (unfinished)
• Sergeants 3 (1962)
• The Road to Hong Kong (1962) (Cameo)
• Who's Got the Action? (1962)
• 38-24-36 (1963)
• Come Blow Your Horn (1963) (Cameo)
• Toys in the Attic (1963)
• 4 for Texas (1963)
• Who's Been Sleeping in My Bed? (1963)
• What a Way to Go! (1964)
• Robin and the 7 Hoods (1964)
• Kiss Me, Stupid (1964)
• The Sons of Katie Elder (1965)
• Marriage on the Rocks (1965)
• The Silencers (1966)
• Texas Across the River (1966)
• Murderers' Row (1966)
• Rough Night in Jericho (1967)
• The Ambushers (1967)
• Rowan & Martin at the Movies (1968) (short subject)
• How to Save a Marriage (and Ruin Your Life) (1968)
• Bandolero! (1968)
• 5 Card Stud (1968)
• The Wrecking Crew (1969)
• Airport (1970)
• Something Big (1971)
• Showdown (1973)
• Mr. Ricco (1975)
• The Cannonball Run (1981)
• Cannonball Run II (1984)

See also

• That's Amore
• Memories Are Made of This

Footnotes

• Nick Tosches Dino: Living High in the Dirty Business of Dreams, 1992 for the first edition, Delta, USA, ISBN 0-385-33429-X

Further reading

• Lewis, Jerry and James Kaplan. Dean & Me (A Love Story). New York: Doubleday, 2005. ISBN 0-7679-2086-4

External links

• Dean Martin at the Internet Movie Database
• Official Fan Club and Organization for Entertainer Dean Martin
• Dean Martin at Find A Grave

Great American Songbook 

Template:Martin and Lewis

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