Search results for "Law, philosophy of" - New World Encyclopedia
From New World Encyclopedia
- Authority (Latin auctoritas, used in Roman law as opposed to potestas ... Since the emergence of the social sciences, authority has been a subject ...10 KB (1,553 words) - 19:17, 22 August 2023
- The term natural philosophy, or the philosophy of nature (Latin, philosophia ... and G.W.F. Hegel, and championed the concept of an organic and dynamic physical ...13 KB (1,838 words) - 22:42, 28 March 2023
- yield a falsehood. By extension, outside of logic, contradictions are also ... Pointing to this principle in applied logic, Aristotle’s law of ...10 KB (1,641 words) - 02:48, 8 January 2024
- Today Mach is probably best known for his positivistic account of ... Mach had an enormous range of scientific interests. According to Peter ...9 KB (1,301 words) - 21:22, 20 March 2024
- the greatest of China's Legalist philosophers. Along with Li ... work is collected in the 55 chapters of Han Feizi, which is also important ...13 KB (2,134 words) - 20:49, 21 January 2024
- in 1694. His commentaries and revisions of the theories of Thomas Hobbes ... the ore mountains (Erzgebirge) in the Duchy of Saxony, Germany. His father ...14 KB (2,091 words) - 03:05, 23 December 2022
- modernizing Italy by introducing the ideas of Locke, Leibniz, and Hume and ... In 1753 Genovesi was appointed to the first European chair of “commerce ...9 KB (1,233 words) - 05:40, 11 August 2023
- Dialectical materialism is the philosophical expression of Marxism ... struggle. It follows the Hegelian principle of the philosophy of history, ...15 KB (2,180 words) - 10:24, 29 January 2024
- It refers to the “supreme principle of morality” (4:392), from which ... according to the well-known "Universal Law" formulation, you should ...22 KB (3,484 words) - 17:59, 30 November 2023
- Ancient philosophy is philosophy in antiquity, or before the end of ... In the Western tradition, ancient philosophy was developed primarily ...16 KB (2,127 words) - 19:43, 26 July 2023
- Part of the foundation of mathematics, Russell's paradox (also ... Consider the set R of all sets that do not contain themselves as members ...14 KB (2,342 words) - 18:15, 22 December 2022
- Cranmer and Matthew Parker, as a co-founder of Anglican theology. He was also ... Hooker believed that the Church of England should be a broad, tolerant ...12 KB (1,851 words) - 21:41, 8 December 2022
- developed a unique theistic existential philosophy. He began his career as ... Jaspers saw a crisis of time in the loss of authentic existence of ...13 KB (1,830 words) - 07:16, 5 October 2022
- Natural law or the law of nature (Latin lex naturalis) is law whose ... Though Aristotle is often referred to as “the father of natural law,” ...24 KB (3,647 words) - 15:20, 11 November 2022
- In philosophy and logic, the liar paradox encompasses paradoxical ... his words to be understood as a kind of liar paradox. They were probably ...11 KB (1,725 words) - 22:25, 25 October 2022
- primarily in Germany, held by a number of thinkers in diverse disciplines ... Historicism also often challenged the concept of truth and the notion ...14 KB (2,067 words) - 15:55, 25 January 2023
- is a theory that asserts that the nature of complex things is reduced to ... positivists attempted to achieve the unity of science ("unified science ...13 KB (1,960 words) - 02:59, 8 December 2022
- The concept of pluralism in philosophy indicates the belief that reality ... The term is also used in a wider sense in several fields of philosophy ...10 KB (1,489 words) - 08:06, 24 November 2022
- religions referring to the entire cycle of cause and effect which governs ... with earthly existence. The concept of karma in Indian philosophy ...16 KB (2,496 words) - 07:22, 5 October 2022
- century, known chiefly as the author of the work on the Jewish principles ... To counter the anti-Jewish polemic of the time, Albo sought to forge ...13 KB (2,036 words) - 07:18, 10 August 2022
- An Analogy is a relation of similarity between two or more things ... An analogy is either the cognitive process of transferring information ...19 KB (2,812 words) - 18:56, 26 July 2023
- Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all of humanity belongs to a single ... Cosmopolitanism may entail some sort of world government or it may ...12 KB (1,700 words) - 08:16, 10 January 2024
- involves uncertainty, distrust, or lack of sureness of an alleged fact ... Human beings generally live with beliefs in various degrees of certainty ...15 KB (2,113 words) - 17:30, 30 January 2024
- at Harvard University, and the author of several books, including A ... John Bordley Rawls was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He was the second ...20 KB (2,773 words) - 07:09, 3 August 2022
- July 2, 1778), is a concept in political philosophy referring to the desire ... General will is what a fully-informed body politic (community of citizens ...14 KB (2,206 words) - 06:45, 18 April 2024
- French physicist, philosopher and historian of science. His most influential ... At the young age of eleven, Duhem entered the Collège Stanislas. ...15 KB (2,236 words) - 05:22, 24 November 2022
- a specified statement follows from a set of assumed statements. The specified ... the conclusion is a necessary consequence of the set of premises, i.e. the ...9 KB (1,489 words) - 23:56, 1 December 2022
- Legal ethics is a branch of applied ethics, having to do with the ... in unethical professional behavior. American law schools are required to offer ...17 KB (2,791 words) - 19:04, 25 October 2022
- Averroes (Ibn Rushd) (1126 – December 10, 1198) was an Andalusian-Arab philosopher and physician, a master of philosophy and Islamic law, mathematics ...19 KB (2,761 words) - 07:15, 23 August 2023
- was an English political theorist and one of the first absolutists. Born ... Filmer developed a political theory, based on natural law, which equated ...12 KB (1,931 words) - 05:04, 15 December 2022
- ) was a polymath and a Christian philosopher of the sixth century who was instrumental ... Rome around 480 C.E. to the patrician family of Anicii, who had been Christians ...11 KB (1,637 words) - 06:07, 28 July 2023
- modern mathematical logic and analytic philosophy. Although he remained obscure ... Frege began his studies at the University of Jena in 1869, moving to Göttingen ...16 KB (2,250 words) - 20:22, 11 September 2021
- “few,” and arkho, “rule” ) is a form of government in which political ... aristocracies, which were ruled by members of a noble class, or with plutocracies ...13 KB (1,935 words) - 00:19, 18 November 2022
- who gained his position in the history of Western philosophy by opening ... Fichte must be credited with reintroducing the idea of a direct contact ...16 KB (2,518 words) - 14:42, 1 August 2022
- February 22, 1965) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court ... Side. After graduating from City College of New York, he enrolled in New ...8 KB (1,184 words) - 17:13, 26 March 2024
- 8, 1806) was a lawyer, a judge, a prominent law professor, and a signer of ... tradition, contributed in the areas of law, politics, and education ...9 KB (1,318 words) - 22:41, 24 November 2022
- A fact is an actual state of the world. For example, it is a fact ... A great deal of twentieth century moral theory sustained a sharp divide ...14 KB (2,156 words) - 12:33, 21 January 2023
- Greek philospher and a favorite student of Aristotle, who appointed him ... Theophrastus was wrote a great number of books on a wide variety of ...10 KB (1,514 words) - 18:21, 30 April 2023
- political theorist, statesman, and leader of the Meiji Enlightenment in ... During his youth, Kato was a liberal advocate of constitutional government ...10 KB (1,423 words) - 17:14, 5 October 2022
- anthropologist. He is famous for his study of primitive mentality and his ... suggested that human beings use two kind of thinking: “mystical thinking” ...11 KB (1,515 words) - 02:25, 5 November 2022
- Herakleitos) (c. 535 – 475 B.C.E.) is one of the most important pre-Socratic ... His words resemble those of a prophet, rather than those of a philosopher ...11 KB (1,556 words) - 09:50, 22 January 2024
- He considered mathematics the ideal form of knowledge, and the laws of ... D'Alembert was an important figure of the French Enlightenment ...12 KB (1,720 words) - 17:39, 2 April 2024
- end, or purpose, and teleology is the study of goals, ends and purposes. A ... The two main types of theory brought under the rubric of teleological ...13 KB (2,107 words) - 05:34, 27 February 2023
- Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 – 215) (Titus Flavius Clemens) was ... Clement of Alexandria was, and still is, a highly unorthodox and controversial ...14 KB (2,240 words) - 11:08, 19 December 2023
- The book of 4 Maccabees is a homily or philosophic discourse praising ... The book takes up the story of the Maccabean martyrs told in 2 Maccabees ...11 KB (1,662 words) - 06:46, 13 June 2023
- virtues that maintain harmony and the spirit of sharing among the members of ... During the 1990s, the concept of ubuntu was adapted as an ideology ...14 KB (2,195 words) - 01:24, 3 May 2023
- most recognizable structure on the campus of Kyoto University]] It is the second oldest university and one of the leading research universities ...16 KB (2,170 words) - 04:41, 4 March 2023
- philosopher whose successful reorganization of the state of Ch'in or ... reforms by first establishing the authority of law (fa), which was to be enforced ...17 KB (2,693 words) - 13:12, 27 January 2023
- according to an established standard of evaluation. There is a range ... established only within certain frameworks of thought and value perspectives ...23 KB (3,451 words) - 00:26, 25 March 2024
- poet, critic and scholar, and a founder of German Romanticism. His study ... der Indier (On the Language and Wisdom of India, 1808) was a pioneering ...14 KB (2,106 words) - 07:21, 5 October 2022
- perform certain acts, they govern ways of acting and of being treated ... as opposed to imperfect duties such as acts of charity). Whether these duties ...21 KB (3,233 words) - 01:39, 15 December 2022
- Ijtihad (Arabic اجتهاد) is a technical term of Islamic law that ... Sometime during the ninth century, the majority of Sunni decided that ...12 KB (1,870 words) - 00:00, 19 December 2020
- Autonomy (Greek: Auto-Nomos—nomos meaning "law:" One who ... One of the best known philosophical theories of autonomy was developed ...16 KB (2,461 words) - 07:07, 23 August 2023
- Category:Law Manslaughter is a criminal variation of homicide that normally carries ...11 KB (1,690 words) - 11:07, 9 March 2023
- illustrated in his Commentaries on the Laws of England.]] and analytic treatise on the Common law called Commentaries on the ...11 KB (1,662 words) - 15:40, 6 May 2023
- The term Indian philosophy may refer to any of several traditions ... All the schools of Indian philosophy are characterized by some common ...22 KB (3,133 words) - 22:02, 4 February 2023
- educator, and prolific writer, and one of the leading exponents of neo ... Cassirer played a mediating role between the two major traditions ...13 KB (1,820 words) - 19:34, 13 February 2024
- Nicholas or Nicolaus of Autrecourt (in French: Nicholas d'Autrécourt ... false teachings on the allegation that 66 of his propositions, culled from ...10 KB (1,617 words) - 23:32, 14 November 2022
- Nicolai Hartmann (February 20, 1882 – October 9, 1950) was one of ... by his own existence within the restrictions of time and space, and by the ...15 KB (2,188 words) - 23:34, 14 November 2022
- theologian. His life was marked by a series of difficulties with the Catholic ... historique et critique, consisting of articles concerning a wide ...10 KB (1,589 words) - 05:18, 24 November 2022
- 1794) was an English philologist and student of ancient India. He is particularly ... Latin, Persian, Arabic, and the basics of Chinese at an early age. By ...9 KB (1,304 words) - 11:08, 10 May 2023
- and conversations, over an important circle of academics in Cambridge, Massachusetts ... After reading Darwin's Origin of Species (published in 1859) ...12 KB (1,761 words) - 00:45, 5 December 2023
- term designated a profession in or a group of teachers of rhetoric. Rhetoricians ... Socrates and Plato challenged sophist ideas of replacing rhetorical ...11 KB (1,583 words) - 01:17, 4 February 2023
- is used in juridical and ethical discussions of law and ethics, and often is ... Critics use the term pejoratively for the use of clever but unsound ...15 KB (2,220 words) - 14:26, 29 November 2023
- IAST Vaiśeṣika), is one of the six Hindu schools of philosophy ... Vaisesika is a system of pluralistic realism, which emphasizes that ...19 KB (2,996 words) - 14:10, 3 May 2023
- in a deductive system. This formal notion of proofs in logic is crucial ... In general, the proofs of theorems have two components: a set of premises ...16 KB (2,524 words) - 18:26, 30 April 2023
- French criminologist and sociologist, is one of the founding fathers of sociology ... Based on his view of the importance of the individual, Tarde analyzed ...11 KB (1,665 words) - 07:37, 15 April 2024
- Natural theology is a branch of theology, which attempts to establish ... The existence of God and the immortality of the soul are but a few ...12 KB (1,729 words) - 15:21, 11 November 2022
- English moral philosopher who held the post of White's Professor of Moral ... Some of Hare's students, such as Brian McGuinness and Bernard ...14 KB (2,112 words) - 16:05, 7 December 2022
- is best known as an early advocate of utilitarianism. He was a political ... Bentham argued in favor of individual and economic freedom, including ...18 KB (2,665 words) - 07:56, 3 April 2024
- applying evolutionary theory to the study of politics and ethics. He coined ... Herbert Spencer was born in Derby, England on April 27, 1820, the ...19 KB (2,968 words) - 15:43, 25 January 2023
- Wade-Giles: Fa-chia; literally "School of law") was one of the four ... Legalists argued for “rule by law” and criticized Cofucianist ...22 KB (3,459 words) - 19:04, 25 October 2022
- Richard Cumberland (1631 - 1718) was an English philosopher and bishop ... and opposing the egoistic ethics of Thomas Hobbes. Cumberland ...13 KB (2,116 words) - 20:13, 8 December 2022
- Philodemus of Gadara (c. 110 B.C.E. – c.35 B.C.E.) was an Epicurean ... Thirty-six of his books were preserved when Mt. Vesuvius erupted in ...9 KB (1,439 words) - 04:12, 24 November 2022
- from the southern Low Countries, was one of the inventors and major proponents ... affairs. Siger’s importance to philosophy lies in his acceptance ...10 KB (1,606 words) - 14:38, 27 January 2023
- if both can be measured in the same unit of measurement. For example, a ... In the philosophy of science, two theories are said to be incommensurable ...17 KB (2,394 words) - 00:08, 8 January 2024
- an important role in developing the use of statistical data as a tool ... Believing that ideology, the science of the origin and development ...12 KB (1,830 words) - 04:19, 9 November 2022
- theologian, and historian, and a pioneer of modern Jewish scholarship. ... Krochmal was leading figure of the Haskalah Jewish enlightenment and ...11 KB (1,697 words) - 22:59, 10 November 2022
- teacher and, in modern times, the leader of a synagogue. The term was first ... With the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in 70 C.E., the Jewish ...21 KB (3,138 words) - 16:07, 7 December 2022
- Shestov was an irrationalist whose philosophy ran counter to the prevailing ... He emigrated to France in 1921, fleeing from the aftermath of the ...16 KB (2,451 words) - 22:05, 25 October 2022
- 23 Oct. 2006] He was a leading proponent of the Zahiri school of Islamic ... Ibn Hazm reportedly produced four hundred works of which only 40 have ...15 KB (2,253 words) - 13:25, 4 February 2023
- Antinomy (Greek αντι-, against, plus νομος, law) literally ... The term antinomy is found in the works of Plutarch (46 – 127), ...15 KB (2,342 words) - 06:35, 31 July 2023
- to modern political sociology and the philosophy of history. His Lettres ... Montesquieu defined three forms of government: republics, monarchies ...17 KB (2,651 words) - 00:36, 5 December 2023
- philosopher, theologian and historian of science. His surname is pronounced ... Whewell’s philosophy of science included the claim that through ...22 KB (3,347 words) - 20:45, 13 May 2023
- to evil, popularly identified with the lusts of the flesh. It also leads to ... Judaism, the yetzer harah is not the product of the Human Fall, as in Christian ...17 KB (2,843 words) - 11:10, 24 May 2023
- Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens are forms of valid inferences. By Modus ... affirms; often abbreviated as MP) is a form of valid inference. An instance ...6 KB (1,057 words) - 19:28, 9 November 2022
- 2017) was Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science, Emeritus ... Kaplan was one of the foremost scholars in international relations ...9 KB (1,221 words) - 16:45, 12 April 2024
- Political philosophy is a branch of philosophy, which studies fundamental ... including Ethics, philosophy of law, philosophy of economics, and other ...23 KB (3,233 words) - 08:37, 24 November 2022
- Category:Law legal systems in countries using common law. The brief is presented to ...13 KB (2,127 words) - 23:07, 20 November 2023
- Nyaya (Sanskrit meaning "rational argument") is one of the ... to Hindu thought is its elucidation of the pramanas (tools of epistemology ...14 KB (2,126 words) - 01:23, 17 November 2022
- who helped to shape the new thought of the late sixteenth century ... Pierre Charron was born in Paris, one of the twenty-five children ...13 KB (1,975 words) - 05:20, 24 November 2022
- Classical antiquity, era, or period is a broad term for a long period ... The foundations of the modern world derive from the Classic Age as ...12 KB (1,801 words) - 12:38, 5 May 2024
- Born in the Netherlands, he lived most of his life in England and wrote ... He was known for The Fable of the Bees (1714), which was first published ...14 KB (2,040 words) - 15:56, 29 September 2023
- a French thinker known as the "father of sociology." He developed ... in his later work, he embraced the concept of love as bringing the solution ...22 KB (3,359 words) - 19:00, 21 August 2023
- those universals really exist in some sense of "exist," either independently ... realism. It is basically with the spirit of nominalism that empiricism ...19 KB (2,997 words) - 02:38, 16 November 2022
- 2009) was an American scholar, a professor of philosophy and prolific author ... He was known for his academic research into a wide range of philosophical ...15 KB (2,047 words) - 10:33, 11 April 2024
- בר מצוה) refers to a boy's coming-of-age ceremony held upon (or ... According to Jewish law, when Jewish children reach the age of maturity ...10 KB (1,502 words) - 07:59, 20 September 2023
- #039;s will remains free under the action of divine grace. Molina developed ... One of the most controversial thinkers in the history of Catholic ...12 KB (1,719 words) - 02:57, 5 November 2022
- "manner, character, proper behavior") refers to a code of ... One question asks the kinds of practical rules people actually use ...23 KB (3,557 words) - 21:20, 9 November 2022
- The Megarian School of philosophy was founded c. 400 B.C.E. by Euclides ... Two disciples of Euclides— Eubulides and Alexinus—developed the ...10 KB (1,527 words) - 04:09, 9 November 2022
