Difference between revisions of "First Epistle of John" - New World Encyclopedia
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| − | The '''First Epistle of John''' is a book of the [[Bible]] [[New Testament]], the fourth of the catholic or "general" [[epistles]]. It was written in [[Ephesus]] about 90-110 C.E., | + | The '''First Epistle of John''' is a book of the [[Bible]] [[New Testament]], the fourth of the catholic or "general" [[epistles]]. It was written in [[Ephesus]] about 90-110 C.E., purportedly by the same author or authors who wrote the [[Gospel of John]] and the other two epistles of John. More of a [[sermon]] than a letter, it was written to counter the [[heresy]] that Jesus did not come "in the flesh" but only as a spirit. It also defines how [[Christian]]s are to discern true teachers: by their [[ethics]], their proclamation of Jesus in the flesh, and by their [[love]]. |
==Authorship== | ==Authorship== | ||
| − | The epistle is traditionally held to have been written by [[John the Evangelist]], | + | The epistle is traditionally held to have been written by [[John the Evangelist]], also known as John the son of Zebedee, probably at [[Ephesus]] when the writer was in advanced age. The epistle's content, language and conceptual style is an indication that a common authorship existed between this letter and the two other letters attributed to the Apostle John. Theologically and stylistically, it also resembles the [[Gospel of John]], although some commentators attribute it to style of the "Johannine community" rather than to the same author. In this theory, someone else may have written under his name speaking "for him," or a body of authors may have contributed to the writing of all four Johannine texts. The traditional view holds that: "The three Epistles and the Gospel of John are so closely allied in diction, style, and general outlook that the burden of proof lies with the person who would deny their common authorship" (B. H. Streeter, The Four Gospels, London: Macmillan, 1930, p. 460). Some modern scholars believe that the common author or authors did not include John himself <ref>[[Stephen L Harris|Harris, Stephen L.]], Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. p. 355</ref>. |
==Purpose== | ==Purpose== | ||
| − | The author wrote the Epistle so that the joy of his audience would "be full" (1 | + | The author wrote the Epistle so that the joy of his audience would "be full" (1:4) and that they would "sin not." (2:1). The author was specifically concerned about [[heretical]] teachers that had been influencing [[churches]] under his care. He denounces these teachers as [[antichrist]]s (2.18-19) who had once been church leaders. It appears that these teachers taught that [[Jesus]] [[Christ]] was a Spirit being without a body (4.2), that his death on the cross was not as an [[atonement]] for sins (1.7) and that they were no longer able to sin (1.8-10). It appears that John might have also been rebuking a Gnostic name Cyrinthus, who also denied the humanity of Christ. |
The purpose of the author (1:1-4) is to declare the Word of Life to those to | The purpose of the author (1:1-4) is to declare the Word of Life to those to | ||
Revision as of 03:03, 12 October 2007
Dan Fefferman
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The First Epistle of John is a book of the Bible New Testament, the fourth of the catholic or "general" epistles. It was written in Ephesus about 90-110 C.E., purportedly by the same author or authors who wrote the Gospel of John and the other two epistles of John. More of a sermon than a letter, it was written to counter the heresy that Jesus did not come "in the flesh" but only as a spirit. It also defines how Christians are to discern true teachers: by their ethics, their proclamation of Jesus in the flesh, and by their love.
Authorship
The epistle is traditionally held to have been written by John the Evangelist, also known as John the son of Zebedee, probably at Ephesus when the writer was in advanced age. The epistle's content, language and conceptual style is an indication that a common authorship existed between this letter and the two other letters attributed to the Apostle John. Theologically and stylistically, it also resembles the Gospel of John, although some commentators attribute it to style of the "Johannine community" rather than to the same author. In this theory, someone else may have written under his name speaking "for him," or a body of authors may have contributed to the writing of all four Johannine texts. The traditional view holds that: "The three Epistles and the Gospel of John are so closely allied in diction, style, and general outlook that the burden of proof lies with the person who would deny their common authorship" (B. H. Streeter, The Four Gospels, London: Macmillan, 1930, p. 460). Some modern scholars believe that the common author or authors did not include John himself [1].
Purpose
The author wrote the Epistle so that the joy of his audience would "be full" (1:4) and that they would "sin not." (2:1). The author was specifically concerned about heretical teachers that had been influencing churches under his care. He denounces these teachers as antichrists (2.18-19) who had once been church leaders. It appears that these teachers taught that Jesus Christ was a Spirit being without a body (4.2), that his death on the cross was not as an atonement for sins (1.7) and that they were no longer able to sin (1.8-10). It appears that John might have also been rebuking a Gnostic name Cyrinthus, who also denied the humanity of Christ.
The purpose of the author (1:1-4) is to declare the Word of Life to those to whom he writes, in order that they might be united in fellowship with the Father and his Son Jesus Christ. He shows that the means of union with God are, (1) on the part of Christ, his atoning work (1:7; 2:2; 3:5; 4:10, 14; 5:11, 12) and his advocacy (2:1); and (2), on the part of man, holiness (1:6), obedience (2:3), purity (3:3), faith (3:23; 4:3; 5:5), and love (2:7, 8; 3:14; 4:7; 5:1).
Comma Johanneum
One of the most controversial verses of the Bible is an explicit reference to what some people consider the trinity(not an explicit biblical doctrine), the Comma Johanneum, (1 John 5:7-8). They do not appear in any version of the text prior to the sixteenth century, but do appear in the King James Bible, something Isaac Newton commented on in An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture. This is sometimes used as evidence to counter the King-James-Only Movement. The majority of modern translations (for example New International Version, English Standard Version and New American Standard Bible,) do not include this text. Albert Barnes (1798-1870) said regarding its authenticity:
On the whole, therefore, the evidence seems to me to be clear that this passage is not a genuine portion of the inspired writings, and should not be appealed to in proof of the doctrine of the Trinity.[2]
See also
- John the Apostle
- John the Evangelist
Footnotes
- ↑ Harris, Stephen L., Understanding the Bible. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. p. 355
- ↑ Barnes, Albert, "Albert Barnes New Testament Notes", StudyLight.org, 2007-02-07. Retrieved 2007-02-07.
External links
Online translations of the First Epistle of John
Related article:
This entry incorporates text from the public domain Easton's Bible Dictionary, originally published in 1897.
| Preceded by: 2 Peter |
Books of the Bible |
Succeeded by: 2 John |
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