Difference between revisions of "The Rolling Stones" - New World Encyclopedia

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{{Infobox musical artist   
 
{{Infobox musical artist   
 
| Name            = The Rolling Stones
 
| Name            = The Rolling Stones
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| Img = Rolling Stones Nice 08-08-2006.jpg
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| Img = RollingStonesNice080806.jpg
 
| Img_capt        = The Rolling Stones, 2006.
 
| Img_capt        = The Rolling Stones, 2006.
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| Img_size        = 200px
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| Img_size        = 300px
 
| Landscape      = yes
 
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| Background      = group_or_band
 
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| Origin          = [[London]], [[England]]
 
| Origin          = [[London]], [[England]]
 
| Genre          = [[Rock and roll]], [[blues]], [[Country music|country]], [[rhythm and blues|R&B]], [[psychedelic rock]], [[reggae]]  
 
| Genre          = [[Rock and roll]], [[blues]], [[Country music|country]], [[rhythm and blues|R&B]], [[psychedelic rock]], [[reggae]]  
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| Years_active    = 1962 – Present
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| Years_active    = 1962–Present
 
| Label          = [[Decca Records|Decca]] <br/> [[Rolling Stones Records]] <br/> [[Virgin Records]]
 
| Label          = [[Decca Records|Decca]] <br/> [[Rolling Stones Records]] <br/> [[Virgin Records]]
 
| Associated_acts =  
 
| Associated_acts =  
 
| URL            = [http://www.rollingstones.com/home.php RollingStones.com]
 
| URL            = [http://www.rollingstones.com/home.php RollingStones.com]
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| Current_members = [[Mick Jagger]]<br/>[[Keith Richards]]<br/>[[Charlie Watts]]<br/>[[Ron Wood]]
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| Current_members = [[Mick Jagger]]<br/>[[Keith Richards]]<br/>[[Ron Wood]]
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| Past_members    = [[Bill Wyman]]<br/>[[Brian Jones]]†<br/>[[Mick Taylor]]<br/>[[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]]†
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| Past_members    = [[Charlie Watts]]†<br/>[[Bill Wyman]]<br/>[[Brian Jones]]†<br/>[[Mick Taylor]]<br/>[[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]]†
 
}}
 
}}
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'''The Rolling Stones''' are an [[England|English]] rock band whose [[blues]] and [[rhythm and blues]]-infused music propelled them to the heights of popularity during the "[[British Invasion]]" in the early 1960s. They went on to become the longest-lived major [[rock and roll|rock band]] in history, and one of the most successful.
  
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'''The Rolling Stones''' are an [[England|English]] band whose [[blues]], [[rhythm and blues]] and [[rock and roll]]-infused music became popular during the "[[British Invasion]]" in the early 1960s.<ref name=rockhall>{{cite web| last =| first =| title = The Rolling Stones Biography| work = Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum| publisher = The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc. | url = http://www.rockhall.com/inductee/the-rolling-stones| accessdate = 2006-06-01}}</ref> The band was formed in London in 1962 by original leader [[Brian Jones]], but eventually led by [[Jagger/Richards|the songwriting partnership]] of singer [[Mick Jagger]] and guitarist [[Keith Richards]]. Pianist [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]], drummer [[Charlie Watts]] and bassist [[Bill Wyman]] completed the early lineup. Jones died in 1969 shortly after being fired from the band and was replaced by [[Mick Taylor]]. After Taylor quit in 1974, former [[The Faces|Faces]] guitarist [[Ron Wood]] took over. Wyman retired in 1993 being replaced by [[Darryl Jones]] who has played bass on subsequent recordings, but is not an official member of the band.
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Originally formed in [[London]] in 1962 by [[Brian Jones]], the band was later led by [[Jagger/Richards|the songwriting partnership]] of singer [[Mick Jagger]] and guitarist [[Keith Richards]]. Drummer [[Charlie Watts]], and bassist [[Bill Wyman]] completed the early lineup. Jones died in 1969 shortly after being fired from the band, and a number of personnel changes have followed over the band's long career. Known as [[rock and roll]]'s "bad boys" in contrast to the [[Beatles]]' relatively unthreatening demeanor, their unkempt and surly image is one that many musicians still emulate.
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The band has released 55 albums of original work<ref>{{cite web | title = Rolling Stones Discography | work = All Music Guide| publisher = All Media Guide| url = http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&searchlink=ROLLING|STONES&sql=11:e2ja7i6jg75r~T2 | accessdate = 2006-12-21 }}</ref> and compilations, and have had 32 U.K & U.S top-10 singles.<ref>{{cite web| last = Paulson| first = John| title = Deep Cuts: The Essential Stones| work = Deep Cuts| publisher = Bullz Eye Music| url = http://www.bullz-eye.com/music/deep_cuts/2005/rolling_stones_essentials.htm| accessdate = 2006-12-21 }}</ref> They have sold more than 200 million albums worldwide.<ref>[http://www.abo.fi/~jbacklun/moneymen.htm "Everything is turning to gold," Record sales of the Rolling Stones.]</ref> 1971's ''[[Sticky Fingers]]'' began a string of eight consecutive studio albums at number one in the United States. In 1989 the Rolling Stones were inducted into the American [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], and in 2004 they were ranked number 4 in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's [http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_idgjmmortals_the_first_fifty/ 100 Greatest Artists of All Time].<ref>{{cite web| title = The Immortals: The First Fifty| work = Rolling Stone Issue 946| publisher = Rolling Stone| url =http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_immortals_the_first_fifty
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Named after a blues song by [[Muddy Waters]], the Rolling Stones have released more than 50 albums of original work and compilations and have had 32 UK and U.S. top-ten singles, selling more than 200 million albums worldwide. In 1971, ''[[Sticky Fingers]]'' began a string of eight consecutive studio albums that reached number one in the United States. In 1989, "The Stones" were inducted into the American [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], and in 2004 they were ranked number four in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
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| accessdate = 2006-12-21 }}</ref> Their latest album, ''[[A Bigger Bang]]'', was released in 2005 and accompanied by [[A Bigger Bang Tour|their highest-grossing tour]], which lasted into late summer 2007. During the [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1969|1969 American tour]], tour manager Sam Cutler introduced them as ''"The Greatest Rock and Roll Band in the World"''.<ref name=AMG /> Their image of unkempt and surly youth is one that many musicians still emulate.<ref name=AMG>{{cite web| last =Erlewine| first = Stephen Thomas| title = Rolling Stones Biography| work = All Music Guide| publisher = All Media Guide| url = http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:aifoxqr5ldje~T1| accessdate = 2006-12-21 }}</ref>
 
  
 
==Band history==
 
==Band history==
 
===Founding: 1960-1962===
 
===Founding: 1960-1962===
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In 1951 Keith Richards and Mick Jagger were classmates at Wentworth County Junior High School.<ref>[http://www.stonesplanet.com/biography.htm "Biography of the Stones"]</ref> They met again in 1960 while Richards was attending [[Sidcup Art College]].<ref name=stonemag >{{cite web| last =| first =| title = The Rolling Stones Biography| work = Rolling Stone| publisher = Rolling Stone magazine | url = http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/therollingstones/biography| accessdate = 2006-06-06}}</ref>
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[[Image:Mick Jagger.jpg|300px|thumb|Mick Jagger]]
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Richards recalled "I was still going to school, and he was going up to the [[London School of Economics]]... So I get on this train one morning, and there's Jagger and under his arm he has four or five albums... He's got Chuck Berry and Little Walter, Muddy Waters"<ref name=RSkeith >{{cite book |last= Greenfield|first= Robert|authorlink= |coauthors=|title= The Rolling Stone Interviews - Keith Richards|year= 1981|publisher= St. Martin's Press/Rolling Stone Press|location= New York|isbn= 0-312-68954-3}}</ref> With mutual friend [[Dick Taylor]] (later of [[Pretty Things]]), they formed the band Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys.<ref name=stonemag /> Stones founders Brian Jones and pianist [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]] were active in the London R&B scene fostered by [[Cyril Davies]] and [[Alexis Korner]]. Jagger and Richards met Jones while he was playing slide guitar sitting in with Korner's [[Blues Incorporated|Blues Inc.]] Korner also had hired Jagger periodically and frequently future Stones drummer [[Charlie Watts]].<ref name=rockhall /> Their first rehearsal was organized by Jones and included Stewart, Jagger and Richards - the latter came along at Jagger's invitation. In June 1962 the lineup was: Jagger, Richards, Stewart, Jones, Taylor, and drummer Tony Chapman. Taylor then left the group. Jones renamed the band The Rollin' Stones, after the song "[[Rollin' Stone]]" by [[Muddy Waters]].<ref name=AMG /><ref>{{cite web| title = Muddy Waters:Rollin' Stone| work = Rolling Stone.com| publisher = Rolling Stone| url = http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/muddywaters/articles/story/6596304/rollin_stone| accessdate = 2006-12-21 }}</ref>
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In 1951, [[Keith Richards]] and [[Mick Jagger]] were classmates at Wentworth County Junior High School in England. They met again in 1960 while Richards was attending [[Sidcup Art College]]. With mutual friend [[Dick Taylor]] (later of [[Pretty Things]]), they formed the band, Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys. Meanwhile, Stones founders [[Brian Jones]], and pianist [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]] were active in the London [[R&B]] scene fostered by [[Cyril Davies]] and [[Alexis Korner]]. Jagger and Richards met Jones when Jones was playing slide guitar sitting in with Korner's [[Blues Incorporated|Blues Inc.]] Korner had also periodically hired Jagger and future Stones drummer [[Charlie Watts]].
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The band's first rehearsal was organized by Brian Jones. It included Stewart, Jagger, and Richards, who came along at Jagger's invitation. In June 1962, the lineup was Jagger, Richards, Stewart, Jones, Taylor, and drummer Tony Chapman. Jones soon renamed the band, The Rolling Stones, after the song "[[Rollin' Stone]]" by [[Muddy Waters]].
  
 
=== 1962-1964 ===
 
=== 1962-1964 ===
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[[Image:rstones5.jpg|thumb|left|The Rolling Stones, c. 1963.]]
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On July 12, 1962, the group played its first formal "gig" at the Marquee club in central London, featuring Jagger, Richards, Jones, Stewart on piano, Taylor on bass, and Tony Chapman on drums. Jones intended for the band to play primarily [[Chicago blues]], but Jagger and Richards brought the [[rock and roll]] of [[Chuck Berry]] and [[Bo Diddley]] to the band. Taylor soon left the group. Bassist [[Bill Wyman]] joined in December and drummer [[Charlie Watts]] the following January to form the Stones' long standing [[rhythm section]].
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On 12 July 1962 the group played its first formal gig at the Marquee club in central London (the first had been an informal performance in Ealing, west London), billed as "The Rollin' Stones".<ref name=according >{{cite book |last= Loewenstein|first= Dora|authorlink=|coauthors= Philip Dodd|title= According to the Rolling Stones|year= 2003|publisher= Chronicle Books|location= San Francisco|isbn= 0-8118-4060-3 }}</ref> The line-up was Jagger, Richards, Jones, Stewart on piano, Taylor on bass and Tony Chapman on drums. Jones intended for the band to play primarily Chicago blues, but Jagger and Richards brought the rock 'n roll of [[Chuck Berry]] and [[Bo Diddley]] to the band.{{Fact|date=August 2007}} Bassist [[Bill Wyman]] joined in December and drummer [[Charlie Watts]] the following January to form the Stones' long standing [[rhythm section]].<ref name=according /><ref name=stonemag />
 
  
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The Stones' first manager [[Giorgio Gomelsky]] booked the band to play at his Crawdaddy Club <ref name=stonemag /> for what became an eight-month residency during which their fan base grew to include the [[The Beatles]].  The Beatles in turn recommended the Stones to their publicist [[Andrew Loog Oldham]]{{Fact|date=August 2007}}, who promptly signed the band to a management deal with his partner and veteran booker Eric Easton. (Gromelsky had no written agreement with the band and was not consulted.) [[George Harrison]] likewise suggested to [[Dick Rowe]] of [[Decca Records]] (who came to regret turning down the Beatles) that he should sign the Stones.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artist/nh3n/ "Everything You Need to know about The Rolling Stones] ''[[BBC]]''.</ref>  Their first [[Extended play|EP]], ''[[The Rolling Stones (EP)|The Rolling Stones]]'' and album (also titled ''[[The Rolling Stones (album)|The Rolling Stones]]'', titled in US ''England's Newest Hit Makers''), were composed primarily of covers drawn from the band's live repertoire. A notable hit from the album was the band's first Top 40 single written by Jagger and Richards, "[[Tell Me (You're Coming Back)]]." After signing with Decca, the Stones began touring the UK and Europe. On their first tour of England, the Stones were packaged with American stars including [[Ike and Tina Turner]], Bo Diddley, [[The Ronettes]], [[The Everly Brothers]] and [[Little Richard]].<ref name=according /> The first tour also cemented the Stones' shift from a rhythm and blues band to more of a pop band, resulting in a reduction in the number of blues songs the band played live.{{Fact|date=August 2007}} ''[[The Rolling Stones No. 2]]'' (''[[The Rolling Stones, Now!]]'' in the United States) (UK #1; US #5) again contained mainly cover tunes, but was augmented by songs composed by Jagger and Richards. After the album's release, the band began to tour constantly. The Rolling Stones' first UK chart-topper was the cover of "[[It's All Over Now]]" in June 1964.
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[[Image:KeithR2.JPG|thumb|right|400px|[[Keith Richards]]]]  
  
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During the  first American tour in June 1964, the Stones began years of recording exclusively at  American studios [[Chess Records|Chess Studios]] in Chicago and RCA Studios in Los Angeles.<ref name=AMG />  The Stones' version of “[[Little Red Rooster]],” which went to  number 1 in the UK, was banned in the US because of its “objectionable” lyrics.{{vague}} Oldham crafted the band's image of  long-haired tearaways "into the opposite of what the Beatles [were] doing" .<ref name=rockhall/> The Stones also appeared on American variety shows such as ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]''. Sullivan reacted to the pandemonium the Stones caused and promised to never book them again, though he later did book them repeatedly .<ref name=rockhall />. They also played on the ''The Hollywood Palace'' where host [[Dean Martin]] made fun of their longish hair, which was considered provocative.<ref>[http://www.tv.com/host-dean-martin---the-rolling-stones/episode/144861/summary.html "The Hollywood Palace"]''[[TV.com]]'', accessed 1 June 2007</ref> In October the band appeared immediately after [[James Brown]] in the filmed theatrical release of ''[[The T.A.M.I. Show]]'', which showcased American acts with British Invasion artists. According to Jagger in 2003, "We weren't actually following James Brown because there were hours in between the filming of each section. Nevertheless, he was still very annoyed about it..."<ref name=according />. The first American tour was not an overwhelming success: the band had not topped the charts and poor booking marred many live appearances.{{Fact|date=October 2007}}
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The group's first [[Extended play|EP]], ''[[The Rolling Stones (EP)|The Rolling Stones]]'' and album (titled ''England's Newest Hit Makers'' in the U.S.), were composed primarily of covers drawn from the band's live repertoire. A notable hit from the album was the band's first top-40 single written by Jagger and Richards, "[[Tell Me (You're Coming Back)]]," backed by the [[Willie Dixon]]-penned "I Just Want to Make Love to You," which had earlier been an [[R & B]] hit for [[Muddy Waters]]. After signing with Decca Records, the Stones began touring the UK and Europe. On their first tour of England, they were billed with American stars including [[Ike and Tina Turner]], [[Bo Diddley]], [[The Ronettes]], [[The Everly Brothers]], and [[Little Richard]]. The first tour also cemented the Stones' shift from a rhythm-and-blues band to more of a pop band, resulting in a reduction in the number of blues songs the band played live.
  
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=== 1965-1969 ===
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The Rolling Stones' first UK chart-topper was the cover of "[[It's All Over Now]]" in June 1964. The UK album, ''[[The Rolling Stones No. 2]]'' (''[[The Rolling Stones, Now!]]'' in the United States), released in 1965, reached number one in the UK and number five in the U.S. It contained mainly cover tunes but was augmented by songs composed by Jagger and Richards.
  
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The first Jagger/Richards composition at number 1 in the UK was "[[The Last Time (song)|The Last Time]]" in early 1965. The U.S. version of that year's ''[[Out of Our Heads]]'' LP contained seven original songs, including "[[(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction]]" which became the band's first number one in the US where it remained for four weeks in July, and established the Stones as a worldwide premier act. Shortly thereafter they released their second number one, "[[Get Off of My Cloud]]".<ref name=rockhall /> ''Out of Our Heads'' and the US-only released ''[[December's Children]]'' were also the last Stones albums to predominantly feature covers. The release ''[[Aftermath (album)|Aftermath]]'' (UK number 1 ; US 2) in the late spring of 1966 was the first Stones album to be composed only of Jagger/Richards songs. The American version of the LP included the chart-topping, [[Middle Eastern music|Middle Eastern]]-influenced "[[Paint It, Black]]," the ballad "[[Lady Jane]]," and the almost 12-minute long "[[Going Home (song)|Going Home]]," the first extended jam on a top selling Rock 'n' Roll album; later [[Jimi Hendrix]], [[Cream (band)|Cream]] and other sixties and seventies bands would release long jams routinely.  
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During their first American tour in 1964, the Stones began years of recording at American [[Chess Records|Chess Studios]] in Chicago and RCA Studios in Los Angeles. The Stones' version of “[[Little Red Rooster]],” another Willie Dixon composition that had earlier been released by [[Howlin' Wolf]], went to number one in the UK, but was temporarily banned in the U.S. because of its sexually suggestive lyrics about sexual [[impotency]].
  
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{{Sound sample box align right|Music samples:}}
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The Stones also appeared on American variety shows such as ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]''. Sullivan reacted negatively to the pandemonium cause by the Stones and vowed to never host them again, although he later booked them repeatedly. They also played on the ''The Hollywood Palace'' where host [[Dean Martin]] made fun of their longish hair, which was considered provocative. In October, the band appeared immediately after [[James Brown]] in the filmed theatrical release of ''[[The T.A.M.I. Show]],'' which showcased American acts with "[[British Invasion]]" artists.
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|description=Sample of "[[(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction]]" by [[The Rolling Stones]] (1965).
 
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Jagger, Richards and Jones began to be hounded by authorities over illegal drug use. In 1967 the Sussex police, tipped off by the ''[[News of the World]]'', raided a party at Keith Richards' home, "Redlands." Jagger and Richards were charged with drug offences. Richards said in 2003, "When we got busted at Redlands, it suddenly made us realize that this was a whole different ball game and that was when the fun stopped. Up until then it had been as though London existed in a beautiful space where you could do anything you wanted."<ref name=according/>
 
  
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Amid this, January saw the release of ''[[Between the Buttons]]'' (UK number 3;US 2). The US version included the double A-side singles of "[[Let's Spend the Night Together]]" and "[[Ruby Tuesday]]." The Stones performed the former on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'' in the USA, where Jagger was forced to mumble the song's lyrics and change the chorus to "Let's Spend Some Time Together" due to the threat of censorship.<ref name=stonemag/> The album was Oldham's last venture as the Stones' producer (and, effectively, manager as well). On his departure, Jagger said in 2003, "The reason Andrew left was because he thought that we weren't concentrating and that we were being childish. It was not a great moment really - and I would have thought it wasn't a great moment for Andrew either. There were a lot of distractions and you always need someone to focus you at that point, that was Andrew's job."<ref name=stonemag /> Oldham, in his biography, says it was because his shortage of money led to his surrendering his management contract to others.
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Although the Stones successfully rode the British Invasion wave initiated by the [[Beatles]], manager Andrew Loog Oldham crafted the band's image to be the Beatles' opposite, projecting a tough, bluesy, and more overtly sexual image.
  
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In May 1967, shortly before the trials of Jagger and Richards, Brian Jones was arrested for possession of [[cannabis (drug)|cannabis]]<ref name=stonemag /> He escaped with a fine and probation but was told to seek professional help. On 27 June Jagger and Richards were convicted and jailed.<ref name=stonemag /> Following an editorial critical of the convictions and sentences in ''[[The Times]]'', entitled "[[Who breaks a butterfly upon a wheel?]]," Richards' conviction was quashed on appeal, and Jagger's sentence reduced to a conditional discharge. The band recorded a new single, "[[We Love You]]," as a thank-you for the loyalty shown by their fans during the trials.<ref>Janovitz, Bill. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&token=&sql=33:3cftxbwaldje The Rolling Stones "We Love You"]. ''allmusic''. 2007 (accessed 1 June 2007).</ref> It began with the sound of opening prison doors and in TV films to promote the record Jagger dressed in a style reminiscent of Oscar Wilde.
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=== 1965-1969 ===
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The first Jagger/Richards composition to reach number one in the UK was "[[The Last Time (song)|The Last Time]]" in early 1965, based on a gospel song of the same name and featuring a memorable [[fuzz-tone]] riff by Jones. The U.S. version of that year's ''[[Out of Our Heads]]'' LP contained seven original songs, including the smash hit "[[(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction]]." It became the band's signature song, as well as its first number one in the US, where it remained for four weeks in July and established the Stones as a worldwide premier act.
  
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December 1967 saw the release of ''[[Their Satanic Majesties Request]]'' (UK number 3; US 2), released shortly after the Beatles' ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]''.<ref name=stonemag /> ''Satanic Majesties'' was recorded in difficult circumstances while Jagger, Richards and Jones were in and out of jail. (Bill Wyman wrote and sang a track on the album—"[[In Another Land]]"—and the front cover of the album had a kaleidoscope picture.) Jagger was a strong advocate of the [[psychedelia|psychedelic]] sound of the album, but rarely have any songs from the record been played live. Though the band has released psychedelic tracks, ''Satanic Majesties'' is an anomaly. It also marked the first time the Stones produced their own album.
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Shortly thereafter, the group released its second US number one single, "[[Get Off of My Cloud]]." ''Out of Our Heads'' and the U.S.-only released ''[[December's Children]]'' were also the last Stones albums to feature cover songs predominantly. ''[[Aftermath (album)|Aftermath]]'' (UK number one; US number two) in the spring of 1966 was the first Stones album to be composed only of Jagger/Richards songs. The American version of the LP included the chart-topping, [[Middle Eastern music|Middle Eastern]]-influenced "[[Paint It, Black]]," the ballad "[[Lady Jane]]," and the almost 12-minute long "[[Going Home (song)|Going Home]]," the first extended jam on a top-selling rock-and-roll album.  
  
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By early 1968 the Stones had acquired [[Allen Klein]] as their new manager. The band spent the first few months of the year compiling material for their next album. Those sessions resulted in the song "[[Jumpin' Jack Flash]]," released as a single in May. The song, and later that year the resulting album, ''[[Beggars Banquet]]'' (UK number 3; US 5), marked the band's return to its blues roots with new producer [[Jimmy Miller (producer)|Jimmy Miller]]. Featuring the album's lead single, "[[Street Fighting Man]]," and the opening track "[[Sympathy for the Devil]]," ''Beggars Banquet'' is another eclectic mix of country and blues-inspired tunes and was hailed as an achievement for the Stones at the time of its release. On the musical evolution between albums, Richards said, "There is a change between material on ''Satanic Majesties'' and ''Beggars Banquet''. I'd grown sick to death of the whole Maharishi guru shit and the beads and bells. Who knows where these things come from, but I guess [the music] was a reaction to what we'd done in our time off and also that severe dose of reality. A spell in prison... will certainly give you room for thought... I was fucking pissed with being busted. So it was, 'Right we'll go and strip this thing down.' There's a lot of anger in the music from that period."<ref name=according /> During this time Richards started using [[open tuning]]s, most prominently a 5-string open-G tuning (with the lower 6th string removed), as heard on the 1969 single "[[Honky Tonk Women]]," "[[Brown Sugar (song)|Brown Sugar]]" (''[[Sticky Fingers]]'', 1971), "[[Tumbling Dice]]," "[[Happy (Rolling Stones song)|Happy]]," (''[[Exile on Main St.]]'', 1972), and "[[Start Me Up]]" (''[[Tattoo You]]'', 1981). Open tunings lead to Stones' (and Richards') trademark guitar sound.  
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January 1967 saw the release of ''[[Between the Buttons]]'' (UK number three; U.S. number two). The U.S. version included the double A-side single of "[[Let's Spend the Night Together]]" and "[[Ruby Tuesday]]." When the Stones again performed the former on ''The Ed Sullivan Show,'' Jagger was forced to mumble the song's lyrics and change the chorus to "Let's Spend Some Time Together" due to the threat of censorship.
  
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By the release of ''Beggars Banquet'' Brian Jones had contributed sporadically and was more troubled. Jagger said that Jones was "not psychologically suited to this way of life." <ref name=according/>  His drug use had become a hindrance, and he was unable to obtain a U.S. visa.  In a June meeting at Jones' house between Jagger, Richards, Watts, Richards said that Jones admitted that he couldn't "go on the road again." All agreed to let Jones, according to Richards, "...say I've left, and if I want to I can come back.'"<ref name=RSkeith />  His replacement was the 21-year-old guitarist [[Mick Taylor]], of [[John Mayall|John Mayall's Bluesbreakers]], who started recording with the band immediately. On July 3, 1969, less than a month later, Jones drowned in the pool  at his Cotchford Farm home in [[Sussex]]. All sorts of conspiracy theories have made the rounds ever since.  
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In December 1967, the Stones released ''[[Their Satanic Majesties Request]]'' (UK number three; U.S. two), released shortly after the Beatles' ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]''. Jagger was a strong advocate of the [[psychedelia|psychedelic]] sound of the album, but rarely have any songs from the record been played live. It also marked the first time the Stones produced their own album.
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[[Image:Taylorrichards.jpg|left|thumb|Mick Taylor (left) with Keith Richards.]]
 
  
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=== 1969-1974 ===
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By early 1968, the Stones had acquired [[Allen Klein]] as their new manager. The band spent the first few months of the year compiling material for their next album. These sessions resulted in the song "[[Jumpin' Jack Flash]]," released as a single in May. The song, and the resulting album, ''[[Beggars Banquet]]'' (UK number three; U.S. five), marked the band's return to its blues roots with new producer [[Jimmy Miller (producer)|Jimmy Miller]]. Featuring the album's lead single "[[Street Fighting Man]]" and the opening track "[[Sympathy for the Devil]]," ''Beggars Banquet'' was another eclectic mix of country and blues-inspired tunes and was hailed as a major achievement for the Stones at the time of its release. During this time, Richards started using [[open tuning]]s, most prominently a 5-string open-G tuning, as heard on the 1969 single, "[[Honky Tonk Women]]," "[[Brown Sugar (song)|Brown Sugar]]" (''[[Sticky Fingers]],'' 1971), "[[Tumbling Dice]]," "[[Happy (Rolling Stones song)|Happy]]," (''[[Exile on Main St.]],'' 1972), and "[[Start Me Up]]" (''[[Tattoo You]],'' 1981). Open tunings lead to the Stones' (and Richards') later trademark guitar sound.
  
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Despite the death of Brian Jones two days previously, a scheduled concert in London's [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] went ahead in front of an estimated 250,000 fans.<ref name=stonemag /> The band had just released "Honky Tonk Women" on 3 July, coinciding with the death. The band's performance was captured by a [[Granada Television]] production team, later to be shown on British television as ''Stones in the Park''. Jagger read an excerpt from [[Percy Bysshe Shelley]]'s elegy ''[[Adonais]]'' and released thousands of butterflies in memory of Jones.<ref name=stonemag /> The concert was the first gig for the band in a little over a year .<ref name=rockhall />
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By the release of ''Beggars Banquet,'' Brian Jones' drug problems had resulted in increasingly sporadic contributions to the band's recordings. He was also unable to obtain a U.S. visa. The other band members agreed to let Jones go. His replacement was the 21-year-old guitarist [[Mick Taylor]] of [[John Mayall]]'s Bluesbreakers, who started recording with the band immediately. On July 3, 1969, less than a month later, Jones drowned in the pool at his Cotchford Farm home in [[Sussex]].
  
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{{Sound sample box align right|Music samples:}}
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===1969-1974===
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Despite the death of Jones two days previously, a scheduled concert in London's [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] went ahead in front of an estimated 250,000 fans. Jagger read an excerpt from [[Percy Bysshe Shelley]]'s elegy ''[[Adonais]]'' and released thousands of butterflies in memory of Jones.
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|filename=The_Rolling_Stones_-_Gimme_Shelter.ogg‎
 
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|title="Gimme Shelter"
 
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|description=Sample of "[[Gimme Shelter]]" by [[The Rolling Stones]], from ''[[Let It Bleed]]'' (1969)
 
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{{Listen
 
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|filename=The_Rolling_Stones_-_Brown_Sugar.ogg‎
 
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|title="Brown Sugar"
 
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|description=Sample of "[[Brown Sugar (song)|Brown Sugar]]" by [[The Rolling Stones]], from ''[[Sticky Fingers]]'' (1971)
 
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|format=[[Ogg]]}}
 
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The release of ''[[Let It Bleed]]'' (UK number 1 ; US 3) came in December. Their last album of the Sixties, ''Let It Bleed'' featured "[[Gimme Shelter]]," "[[You Can't Always Get What You Want]]," "[[Midnight Rambler]]," as well as a cover of [[Robert Johnson (musician)|Robert Johnson]]'s "[[Love in Vain]]." Most of these songs became part of the live show for the resulting [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1969|tour of America]], their first in three years. Making their way from New York to California, the tour culminated with the band's staging of the [[Altamont Free Concert]], at the disused [[Altamont Speedway]], about 60km east of [[San Francisco]]. The concert was a disaster, due in part to the hiring of [[Hell's Angels]] to undertake security. [[Meredith Hunter]], a young man, was stabbed and beaten to death by the Angels.<ref>Burks, John, [http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/_/id/5934386 "Rock & Roll's Worst Day: The aftermath of Altamont"], ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', 1970-[[02-07]], URL retrieved 2007-[[04-18]].</ref> The tour and "Altamont" were documented in [[Albert and David Maysles]]' film ''[[Gimme Shelter (documentary)|Gimme Shelter]]''. As a response to the growing popularity of [[bootleg recording]]s, the live album ''[[Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out! The Rolling Stones in Concert|Get Yer Ya-Yas Out!]]'' (UK #1; US #6) was released in 1970 and was considered by critic [[Lester Bangs]] the best live record ever.<ref>Bangs, Lester. [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/therollingstones/albums/album/238845/review/6067337/get_yer_yayas_out "The Rolling Stones: Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out"]. ''Rolling Stone''. November 12 1970 (accessed 28 April 2007).</ref>
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The release of ''[[Let It Bleed]]'' (UK number one; U.S. three) came in December. Their last album of the 1960s, ''Let It Bleed'' featured "[[Gimme Shelter]]," "[[You Can't Always Get What You Want]]," "[[Midnight Rambler]]," as well as a cover of blues legend [[Robert Johnson (musician)|Robert Johnson]]'s "[[Love in Vain]]." Most of these songs became part of the live show for the resulting [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1969|tour of America]], their first in three years. The tour culminated with the band's staging of the [[Altamont Free Concert]], at the disused [[Altamont Speedway]], east of [[San Francisco]]. The concert grew ugly and turned into a disaster, due in part to the hiring of the [[Hell's Angels]] to undertake security, as a fan was stabbed and beaten to death by the Angels. The tour and the Altamont concert were documented in [[Albert and David Maysles]]' film ''[[Gimme Shelter (documentary)|Gimme Shelter]]''. As a response to the growing popularity of [[bootleg recording]]s of the concert, the live album ''[[Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out! The Rolling Stones in Concert|Get Yer Ya-Yas Out!]]'' (UK number one; U.S. number six) was released in 1970.  
  
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By 1969, the band's 1963 contract with [[Decca Records]] ended, and the Stones formed their own record company, [[Rolling Stones Records]]. ''[[Sticky Fingers]]'' (UK number 1; US 1), released in March 1971, was the band's first album on their own label. The album contains one of their best known hits, two of which, "[[Brown Sugar (song)|Brown Sugar]]," and the [[country music|country]]-influenced "[[Wild Horses (song)|Wild Horses]]" were recorded at Alabama's [[Muscle Shoals Sound Studio]] during the 1969 American tour.
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When the band's 1963 contract with [[Decca Records]] ended, the Stones formed their own record company, [[Rolling Stones Records]]. With several cuts recorded at Alabama's [[Muscle Shoals Sound Studio]] during the 1969 American tour, ''[[Sticky Fingers]]'' (UK number one; U.S. number one), released in March 1971, contains one of the band's best known hits, "[[Brown Sugar (song)|Brown Sugar]]."  
  
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''Sticky Fingers'' continued the band's immersion into heavily blues-influenced compositions. The album is noted for its "loose, ramshackle ambience"<ref>[http://wm01.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Abe3ibkj96akc "Sticky Fingers"] ''[[allmusic]]'', accessed 30 August 2007</ref> and marked Mick Taylor's first full release with the band. Taylor collaborated on several songs with Jagger, like "[[Sway (The Rolling Stones song)|Sway]]" and "[[Moonlight Mile (Rolling Stones song)|Moonlight Mile]]," partially because of Richards' drug addictions and resulting unreliability. However, when released, all original songs were credited to "Jagger/Richards."
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Following the release of ''Sticky Fingers,'' the Stones left England after allegations by the UK Inland Revenue service of unpaid [[income tax]]. The band moved to the South of [[France]] where Richards rented a [[chateau]], [[Nellcôte|Villa Nellcôte]], and sublet rooms to band members and entourage. Using mobile studio, they continued recording sessions that stretched as far back as 1969. The recordings were finished at Sunset Sound in Los Angeles by the band. The resulting [[double album]], ''[[Exile on Main St.]]'' (UK number one; U.S. number one), was released in May 1972.
  
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Following the release of ''Sticky Fingers'', the Stones left England after allegations by the UK Inland Revenue service of unpaid [[income tax]]. The band moved to the South of [[France]] where Richards rented a [[chateau]], [[Nellcôte|Villa Nellcôte]], and sublet rooms to band members and entourage. Using the [[Rolling Stones Mobile Studio]] they continued recording sessions that stretched as far back as 1969. The subsequent recordings were finished at Sunset Sound in Los Angeles by the band. The resulting [[double album]], ''[[Exile on Main St.]]'' (UK number 1 ; US 1), was released in May 1972. Given an A+ grade by critic Robert Christgau<ref>[http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=rolling+stones "Reviews - The Rolling Stones"] ''[[Robert Christgau]]'', accessed 30 August 2007</ref> and disparaged by Lester Bangs—who reversed his opinion within months—''Exile'' is now accepted as one of the Stones' best albums.<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A4kq4g40ttv6z "Exile on Main St."]''AMG'', 2007. accessed 16 October 2007</ref> The film ''[[Cocksucker Blues]]'', never officially released, documents the subsequent, highly publicised [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1972|1972 North American ("STP") Tour]], with its retinue of [[jet set]] hangers-on. The band's [[The Rolling Stones Pacific Tour 1973|early 1973 Pacific Tour]] saw them banned from playing in [[Japan]] and almost banned from [[Australia]].
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In November 1972, the band began sessions in [[Kingston, Jamaica]] for their follow-up to ''Exile,'' ''[[Goats Head Soup]]'' (UK number one; U.S. number one) (1973). The album spawned the worldwide hit "[[Angie (song)|Angie]]," but proved to be the first in a string of commercially successful, but tepidly received studio albums. The sessions for ''Goats Head Soup'' led to a number of outtakes, most notably an early version of the popular ballad "[[Waiting on a Friend]]," not released until ''[[Tattoo You]]'' eight years later.  
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[[Image:rstones3.jpg|frame|right|The Rolling Stones on tour, 1972.]]
 
  
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In November 1972, the band began sessions in [[Kingston, Jamaica]] for their follow-up to ''Exile'', ''[[Goats Head Soup]]'' (UK number 1 ; US 1) (1973). The album spawned the worldwide hit "[[Angie (song)|Angie]]," but proved the first in a string of commercially successful but tepidly received studio albums.<ref>Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:rz6atr79kl6x The Rolling Stones "Goats Head Soup"]. ''allmusic''. 2007 (accessed 17 June 2007).</ref> The sessions for ''Goats Head Soup'' led to a number of outtakes, most notably an early version of the popular ballad "[[Waiting on a Friend]]," not released until ''[[Tattoo You]]'' eight years later. The making of the record was hindered by another legal battle over drugs, this one dating back to their stay in France.
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The band went to Musicland studios in [[Munich]] to record its next album, 1974's ''[[It's Only Rock 'n Roll]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number one).  Instead, Jagger and Richards assumed production duties and were credited as "[[the Glimmer Twins]]." Both the album and [[It's Only Rock 'n' Roll (but I Like It)|the single of the same name]] were hits, even without an immediate tour to promote them.
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The band went to Musicland studios in [[Munich]] to record their next album, 1974's ''[[It's Only Rock 'n Roll]]'' (UK 2; US 1), but [[Jimmy Miller (musician)|Jimmy Miller]], who had drug abuse issues, was no longer producer.  Instead, Jagger and Richards assumed production duties and were credited as "[[the Glimmer Twins]]." Both the album and [[It's Only Rock 'n' Roll (but I Like It)|the single of the same name]] were hits, even without an immediate tour to promote them.  
 
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Nearing the end of 1974, Taylor began to get impatient because there had been no tours since October 1973.<ref>[http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:jifpxqr5ldse~T1 "Mick Taylor Biography"] ''[[allmusic]]'', accessed 25 June 2007</ref> The band found itself in a stalemate, with members opting to spend time abroad between recording sessions, while Jagger was getting exasperated with Richards, who was becoming more unpredictable. The other members of the band ended up paying the fines and legal bills resulting from Richards' convictions, which led to the band being denied entry to certain countries and to missed income for all. Taylor spent his time helping Jagger compose and record songs in the studio, while Richards was often absent. Jagger promised Taylor recognition for his contributions in the form of official credits on tracks. When this did not happen, and with no tour in sight by the end of 1974 and a recording session already booked in Munich to record another album, Taylor quit The Rolling Stones.<ref>[http://www.micktaylor.net/why_mick_taylor_quit_the_stones.html Smith, Curtis. "Why Mick Taylor Quit the Stones"] ''micktaylor.net'', accessed 25 June 2007</ref> Taylor said in 1980, "I was getting a bit fed up. I wanted to broaden my scope as a guitarist and do something else... I wasn't really composing songs or writing at that time. I was just beginning to write, and that influenced my decision... There are some people who can just ride along from crest to crest; they can ride along somebody else's success. And there are some people for whom that's not enough. It really wasn't enough for me."<ref>Obrecht, Jas: "Mick Taylor: Ex-Rolling Stones On His Own," page 20. Guitar World, Feb. 1980.</ref>
 
  
 
===1974-1982===
 
===1974-1982===
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[[Image:Ronwood.jpg|thumb|.00px|[[Ron Wood]]]]
 +
Ron Wood replaced Taylor for the 1976 album, ''[[Black and Blue]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number one) after committing to the Stones in 1975 for their upcoming Tour of the Americas. The tour featured stage props including a giant [[phallus]] and a rope on which Jagger swung out over the audience.
  
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The Stones used the recording sessions in Munich to audition replacements for Taylor. Guitarists as stylistically far-flung as [[Humble Pie]] lead [[Peter Frampton]] and ex-[[The Yardbirds|Yardbirds]] virtuoso [[Jeff Beck]] were auditioned. [[Rory Gallagher]] and [[Shuggie Otis]] also dropped by the Munich sessions. American session players [[Wayne Perkins]] and [[Harvey Mandel]] also appeared on much of the album. Yet, Richards and Jagger also wanted the Stones to remain purely a British band. When Ron Wood walked in and jammed with the band, Richards and everyone else knew he was the one. Wood had already recorded and played live with Richards and already contributed to the recording and writing of ''It's Only Rock 'n Roll''. The album, ''[[Black and Blue]]'' (UK 2; US 1) (1976), featured all their contributions. Though he initially declined Jaggers offer to become a full member of the Stones because of his ties to the [[The Faces]], Wood committed to the Stones in 1975 for their upcoming Tour of the Americas. At the insistence of Wyman and Watts, Wood was eventually made a full member in the 80s. The 1975 [[Rolling Stones Tour of the Americas '75|Tour of the Americas]] featured stage props including a giant [[phallus]] and a rope on which Jagger swung out over the audience. [[Image:ElMacomboSpadinaAveToronto.JPG|thumb|200px|left|Toronto's [[El Mocambo]] Club where ''[[Love You Live]]'' was recorded.]]
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Although the Stones remained popular through the first half of the 1970s, music critics had grown increasingly dismissive of the band's output, and record sales failed to meet expectations. Jagger had booked a live recording session at the [[El Mocambo]] club in Toronto to balance a long-overdue live album, 1977's ''[[Love You Live]]'' (UK number three; U.S. number five), the first Stones live album since 1970's ''[[Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out!]]''.  
  
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Although The Rolling Stones remained popular through the first half of the 1970s, music critics had grown increasingly dismissive of the band's output, and record sales failed to meet expectations.<ref name= rockhall/> Jagger had booked a live recording session at the [[El Mocambo]] club in Toronto to balance a long-overdue live album, 1977's ''[[Love You Live]]'' (UK 3; US 5), the first Stones live album since 1970's ''[[Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out!]]''. Richards' addiction to heroin delayed his arrival in Toronto; the other members had already assembled, awaiting Richards, and sent him a telegram asking him where he was. On February 24, 1977, Richards and his family flew in from London on a direct [[BOAC]] flight and were detained by [[Canada Customs]] after being found in possession of a burnt spoon and hash residue. On March 4, Richards' common law wife [[Anita Pallenberg]] plead guilty to drug possession and was fined for the original airport event.<ref name=Sandford227>Sandford, Christopher. ''Keith Richards: Satisfaction'', Caroll & Graf: New York, 2003, p. 227</ref> On Sunday, February 27th, after two days of Stones rehearsals, armed with legal arrest warrants for Pallenberg, the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] discovered "22 grams of heroin"<ref name=rvr518>Greenspan, Edward (editor), ''Regina'' v. ''Richards'' 49 C.C.C. (2d), ''Canadian Criminal Cases'' (1980), Canada Law Book. p. 518</ref> in Richards' room. Richards was charged with importing narcotics into Canada, which carried a minimum seven-year sentence upon conviction.<ref name=Sandford225>Sandford, Christopher. ''Keith Richards: Satisfaction'', Caroll & Graf: New York, 2003, p. 225</ref> Later the Crown prosecutor conceded that Richards had procured the drugs after arrival.<ref name=rvr>Greenspan, Edward (editor), ''Regina'' v. ''Richards'' 49 C.C.C. (2d), ''Canadian Criminal Cases'' (1980), Canada Law Book. p.517-527</ref> Despite the arrest, the band played two shows in Toronto, only to raise more controversy when [[Margaret Trudeau]] was seen partying with the band after the show. These two shows were kept secret from the public and the elmocambo had been booked for the entire week by April Wine for a recording session. A local radio station ran a contest for free tickets to see April Wine and the winners were allowed to pick a night to see the band. The winners that picked tickets for the Friday or Saturday night were surprised to find that the Stones were playing <ref name=Sandford227 />
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In 1978, the band released ''[[Some Girls]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number one), which included "[[Miss You]]" and "[[Beast of Burden (song)|Beast of Burden]]." The album's success re-established the Stones' popularity among young people. The band released its next album ''[[Emotional Rescue]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number one) in mid-1980. However, the recording of the album was reportedly plagued by turmoil, with Jagger and Richards' relationship reaching a new low.  
  
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The drug case dragged on for over a year until Richards received a [[suspended sentence]] and was ordered to play two free concerts for the [[CNIB]] in [[Oshawa, Ontario]].<ref name=rvr /> This sparked one of Richards' first musical projects outside the Stones (with more to come as Jagger's own solo interests dawned in the 1980s), as he and Wood formed a band, [[The New Barbarians (band)|The New Barbarians]], to perform at the shows. This motivated a final, concerted attempt to end his drug habit, which proved largely successful.<ref name=stonemag /> It also coincided with the end of his relationship with Pallenberg, which had become strained since the death of their third child (an infant son named Tara) and her inability to curb her heroin addiction while Keith struggled to get clean.<ref>Sandford, Christopher. ''Keith Richards: Satisfaction'', Caroll & Graf: New York, 2003, p. 232-3, 248-250</ref>
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In early 1981, the group recorded ''[[Tattoo You]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number one) which featured the lead single "[[Start Me Up]]," now a perennial favorite at sporting events. The Stones' [[Rolling Stones American Tour 1981|American Tour 1981]] was their biggest, longest, and most colorful production to date. In mid 1982, to commemorate their twentieth anniversary, the Stones took their American stage show to Europe, their first European tour in six years. For the tour, the band was joined by former [[Allman Brothers Band]] piano player [[Chuck Leavell]], who continues to play and record with the Stones. By the end of the year, the band had signed a new four-album, $28 million recording deal with a new label, [[CBS Records]].
  
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While Richards was settling his legal and personal problems, Jagger continued his jet-set lifestyle. He was a regular at New York's [[Studio 54]] [[disco]] club, often in the company of model [[Jerry Hall]]. His marriage to Bianca ended in 1977. By this time, [[punk rock]] had become influential, and the Stones were criticised as decadent, aging millionaires,<ref name=stonemag /> and their music considered by many to be stagnant or irrelevant.<ref name=AMGsomegirls>{{cite web| last = Erlewine| first = Stephen Thomas| title = Some Girls| work = AMG| publisher = allmusic | url = http://wc04.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:d9fpxqt5ldfe| accessdate = 2006-06-01}}</ref>
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===1983-1991===
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Before leaving Atlantic, the Stones released ''[[Undercover (album)|Undercover]]'' (UK number three; U.S. number four) in late 1983. Despite good reviews, the record sold below expectations and there was no tour to support it. By 1985, Jagger was spending more time on solo recordings, and much of the material on 1986's ''[[Dirty Work (album)|Dirty Work]]'' (UK number four; U.S. number four four) was by Keith Richards, with more contributions by Ron Wood than on previous Stones albums. The Stones were awarded a [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement]] in February 1986. Richards followed Jagger into the solo field in 1988 when he released his first solo album, ''[[Talk Is Cheap]]'' (UK number 37; U.S. number 24), which fans and critics received well.  
  
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In 1978, the band released ''[[Some Girls]]'' (UK #2; US #1), which included the hit single "[[Miss You]]," the country ballad "[[Far Away Eyes]]," "[[Beast of Burden (song)|Beast of Burden]]," and "[[Shattered (song)|Shattered]]." In part a response to punk, many songs were fast, basic, guitar-driven rock and roll.<ref name=AMGsomegirls/> The album's success re-established the Stones' immense popularity among young people. After  the [[Rolling Stones US Tour 1978|US Tour 1978]], the group did not tour Europe the following year, breaking the routine of touring Europe every three years that the band had followed since 1967.
+
In early 1989, the Stones were inducted into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]. Jagger and Richards patched up their differences enough for the band to release yet another successful album, ''[[Steel Wheels]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number three). The subsequent US [[Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour|Steel Wheels Tour]] saw the Stones touring for the first time in seven years, and it was their biggest stage production to date. The opening acts were [[Living Colour]] and [[Guns N' Roses]]. By the time the tour reached Europe in 1990, the name had been changed to the Urban Jungle Tour. This tour was the last for Bill Wyman, who left the band after the tour, although it was not made official until 1993.
  
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Entering the 1980s on a renewed commercial high due to the success of ''Some Girls'', the band released its next album ''[[Emotional Rescue]]'' (UK 1; US 1) in mid-1980. The recording of the album was reportedly plagued by turmoil, with Jagger and Richards' relationship reaching a new low. Richards, more sober than during the previous ten years, began to assert more control in the studio—more than Jagger had become used to—and a struggle ensued as Richards felt he was fighting for "his half of the Glimmer Twins."{{Fact|date=November 2007}} Though ''Emotional Rescue'' hit the top of the charts on both sides of the Atlantic, it was panned as lackluster and inconsistent. Some felt it was a poor imitation of its predecessor.{{Fact|date=October 2007}}
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===1992-1999===
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[[Image:Licks Tour Sheryl Crow Mick Jagger.jpg|thumb|400px|Jagger with Sheryle Crow during the Licks Tour]]
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In early 1981, the group reconvened and decided to tour the US that year, leaving little time to write and record a new album, as well as rehearse for the tour.  That year's resulting album, ''[[Tattoo You]]'' (UK 2; US 1) featured a number of outtakes, including lead single "[[Start Me Up]]." Two songs ("Waiting on a Friend" and "Tops") featured Mick Taylor's guitar playing, while jazz saxophonist [[Sonny Rollins]] played on "[[Slave (song)|Slave]]" and dubbed a part on "Waiting on a Friend." The Stones' [[Rolling Stones American Tour 1981|American Tour 1981]] was their biggest, longest and most colourful production to date, with the band playing from September 25th through December 19th. It was the highest grossing tour of that year. Some shows were recorded, resulting in the 1982 live album ''[[Still Life (American Concert 1981)]]'' (UK 4 / US 5), and the 1983 [[Hal Ashby]] concert film ''Let's Spend the Night Together'' which was filmed at Sun Devil Stadium in Phoenix, Arizona and the Brendan Byrne Arena in the Meadowlands, New Jersey.  
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After the successes of Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle tours, band members concentrated on solo work. The Stones' new distributor, Virgin Records, remastered and repackaged the band's back catalog of studio albums and also issued a new compilation in 1993 entitled ''[[Jump Back: The Best of The Rolling Stones]]'' (UK number 16; U.S. number 30). In the same year the Stones began work on their next studio album. With [[Darryl Jones]] replacing Wyman, ''[[Voodoo Lounge]]'' reached UK number one and US number two, going double platinum in the U.S. It would go on to win the 1995 Grammy Award for [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Album|Best Rock Album]]. The accompanying [[Voodoo Lounge Tour]] began in 1994 and lasted into 1995.
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In mid-1982, to commemorate their 20th anniversary, the Stones took their American stage show to Europe.  [[Rolling Stones European Tour 1982|European Tour 1982]] was their first European tour in six years. The tour was essentially a carbon copy of the 1981 American tour. For the tour, the band was joined by former [[Allman Brothers Band]] piano player [[Chuck Leavell]], who continues to play and record with the Stones. By the end of the year, the band had signed a new four-album, 28 million dollar recording deal with a new label, [[CBS Records]].
 
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=== 1983-1991 ===
 
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[[Image:Tongue (Rolling Stones).svg|left|thumb|The Rolling Stones' "Tongue and Lip Design" logo;<br/> was designed by [[John Pasche]].[http://www.johnpasche.com] ]]
 
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Before leaving Atlantic the Stones released ''[[Undercover (album)|Undercover]]'' (UK 3; US 4) in late 1983. Despite good reviews the record sold below expectations and there was no tour to support it. Subsequently the Stones new marketer/distributor CBS Records which took over distributing the Stone's Atlantic catalogue.
 
  
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By this time the Jagger/Richards split was growing. Jagger had signed a solo deal with CBS to be distributed by Columbia, much to the consternation of Richards. Jagger spent much of 1984 writing songs for his first solo effort and as he admitted, he began to feel stultified within the framework of the Stones. In 1985, co-founder, pianist, road manager and long-time friend [[Ian Stewart (musician)|Ian Stewart]] died of a [[myocardial infarction|heart attack]]. According to Richards, Stewart's death left the band without a moderating force that could have helped during a period which, according to Richards, he and Jagger waged "WW III." By 1985, Jagger was spending more time on solo recordings and much of the material on 1986's ''[[Dirty Work (album)|Dirty Work]]'' (UK 4; US 4) was by Keith Richards, with more contributions by Ron Wood than on previous Stones albums. Rumors surfaced of the two rarely, if ever, being in the studio at the same time and Richards trying to keep it all afloat. Jagger refused to tour in support of the record feeling that several band members—including Charlie Watts who was fighting a heroin addiction{{Fact|date=November 2007}}—were in no shape to tour. Reviews were mixed although many fans at this time feel it was the nadir of the group. The Stones were awarded a [[Grammy Award]] for [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award|Lifetime Achievement]]. Jagger's solo records, ''[[She's the Boss]]'' (UK 6; US 13) (1985) and ''[[Primitive Cool]]'' (UK 26; US #41) (1987)), met with moderate success, yet Richards disparaged both. With the Stones inactive due to Jagger's solo career and feeling he was backed into a corner, Richards released his first solo album in 1988, ''[[Talk Is Cheap]]'' (UK 37; US 24), which fans and critics received well, going Gold in U.S. Included on the ''Talk Is Cheap'' album was the song "You Don't Move Me," Richards' stab at his estranged songwriting partner.  
+
The Rolling Stones' last album of the 90s was ''[[Bridges to Babylon]]'' (UK number six; U.S. number three), released in 1997 to mixed reviews. Despite the lack of a hit single from the album, sales were good, and the subsequent international [[Bridges to Babylon Tour]] proved the band to be a strong live attraction. Another live album was culled from the tour, ''[[No Security]]'' (UK number 67; U.S. number 34). In 1999, the Stones staged the [[No Security Tour]] in the U.S and the Babylon tour in Europe.
  
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In early 1989, The Rolling Stones, including Mick Taylor, Ronnie Wood and Ian Stewart (posthumously), were inducted into the American [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]. Jagger and Richards appeared to have developed a new understanding and they recorded an album as The Rolling Stones, which became ''[[Steel Wheels]]'' (UK 2; US 3). Heralded as a return to form, it included the singles "[[Mixed Emotions (Rolling Stones song)|Mixed Emotions]]," "[[Rock and a Hard Place]]" and "[[Almost Hear You Sigh]]." Additionally, the album included "Continental Drift" recorded with Bachir Attar and the [[Master Musicians of Jajouka]] in Tangier in 1989.
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===2000-2011===
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In 2002, the band announced the ''[[Licks Tour]]'' and released ''[[Forty Licks]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number two), a [[greatest hits]] album that also contained four new songs. On July 30, 2003, the band headlined the [[Molson Canadian Rocks for Toronto]] concert in [[Toronto]], [[Canada]], to help the city recover from the 2003 [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] epidemic. The concert was attended by an estimated 490,000 people.
 +
[[Image:Keith Richards Hannover 2006.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Keith Richards in Hannover, 2006, during the ''A Bigger Bang Tour'']]
  
−
The subsequent U.S. [[Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour|Steel Wheels Tour]] saw the Stones touring for the first time in seven years (since Europe 1982), and it was their biggest stage production to date. The opening acts were [[Living Colour]] and [[Guns N' Roses]]. By the time the tour reached Europe in 1990, the name had been changed to the Urban Jungle Tour. Recordings from the tour produced the 1991 live album ''[[Flashpoint (album)|Flashpoint]]'' (UK 6; US 16). The live album included two songs recorded in 1991, the single "[[Highwire (song)|Highwire]]" and "Sex Drive." This tour was the last for Bill Wyman who, after years of deliberation and increasing unwillingness to tour any longer, left the band, although it was not made official until 1993. He then published ''Stone Alone'', an [[autobiography]], based on memoirs he had been writing since the early days in London. A few years later, he formed [[Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings]] and began recording and touring again.
+
On November 9, 2003, the band played its first concert in [[Hong Kong]] as part of the [[Harbor Fest]] celebration, also in support of the SARS-affected economy. In November 2003, it licensed the right to sell their new 4-DVD boxed set, ''[[Four Flicks]]'', recorded on the band's most recent world tour, to the U.S. [[Best Buy]] chain. In response, some Canadian and U.S. music-retail chains (including [[HMV]] Canada and [[Circuit City]]) pulled Rolling Stones CDs and related merchandise from their shelves.  
  
−
===1992-1999===
+
On July 26, 2005, Jagger's birthday, the band announced the name of their new album, ''[[A Bigger Bang]]'' (UK number two; U.S. number three), which was released on September 6 to strong reviews. The album included the most controversial song from the Stones in years, [[Sweet Neo Con (song)|"Sweet Neo Con"]], a criticism of [[Neoconservatism in the United States|American Neoconservatism]] from Jagger. The subsequent [[A Bigger Bang Tour]] began in August and visited North America, South America, and East Asia.
−
After the successes of Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle tours, the band took a break. Charlie Watts released two jazz albums; Ronnie Wood made his fifth solo album, the first in 11 years, called ''Slide On This''; Keith Richards released his second solo album in late 1992, ''[[Main Offender]]'' (UK 45; US 99) and did a small tour including big concerts in Spain and Argentina. Mick Jagger got good reviews and sales with his third solo album ''[[Wandering Spirit]]'' (UK 12; US 11). The album sold more than two million copies worldwide, going Gold in U.S.
 
  
−
After Wyman's departure, the Stones' new distributor/record label, Virgin Records, remastered and repackaged the band's back catalogue from ''Sticky Fingers'' to ''Steel Wheels'' without the three live albums, and issued another hits compilation in 1993 entitled ''[[Jump Back: The Best of The Rolling Stones|Jump Back]]'' (UK 16; US 30). By 1993 the Stones set upon their next studio album. [[Darryl Jones]], former sideman of [[Miles Davis]] and [[Sting]], was chosen by Charlie Watts as Wyman's replacement for 1994's ''[[Voodoo Lounge]]'' (UK 1; US 2). The album met strong reviews and sales, going double platinum in the US. Reviewers took note of the album's "traditionalist" sounds, which were credited to the Stones' new producer [[Don Was]].<ref>[http://wm07.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&token=&sql=10:hifwxqqhldje "Voodoo Lounge"]''AMG'', 2007. accessed 3 September 2007</ref> It would go on to win the 1995 Grammy Award for [[Grammy Award for Best Rock Album|Best Rock Album]].  
+
In February 2006, the Stone played the half-time show of [[Super Bowl XL]] in Detroit, Michigan, although their performance received mixed reviews at best. Nevertheless, the end of 2005, the Bigger Bang tour set a record of $162 million in gross receipts, breaking the North American mark also set by the Stones in 1994. Later that month, the band played to a claimed 1.5 million on the [[Copacabana]] beach in [[Rio de Janeiro]] in a free concert. After performances in [[New Zealand]], Keith Richards went into the hospital in May 2006 for brain surgery after a dubious "fall from a [[coconut]] tree" on [[Fiji]], causing a six-week postponement of the European leg of the tour. The following month, it was reported that Ron Wood was entering rehabilitation for [[alcohol]] abuse.
  
−
1994 also brought the accompanying [[Voodoo Lounge Tour]], which lasted into 1995. Various recorded shows and rehearsals (mostly [[acoustic guitar|acoustic]]) made up ''[[Stripped (Rolling Stones album)|Stripped]]'' (UK 9; US 9), which featured a cover of Bob Dylan's "[[Like a Rolling Stone]]," as well as infrequently played songs like "[[Shine a Light (song)|Shine a Light]]," "Sweet Virginia" and "[[The Spider and the Fly (song)|The Spider and the Fly]]." This album tour was the first to showcase the talents of [[Lisa Fischer]] singing alongside Jagger in "Gimme Shelter," and the appearance of [[Bernard Fowler]], both strong backup singers who became regulars on the Stones tours and crowd pleasers.
+
The Stones returned to North America for concerts in September 2006 and Europe on June 5, 2007. In late October 2006, filmmaker [[Martin Scorsese]] filmed the Stones at New York City's [[Beacon Theater]], featuring an audience that included several world leaders, for film titled ''[[Shine a Light (film)|Shine a Light]]'' (2008).
  
−
The Rolling Stones ended the 1990s with the album ''[[Bridges to Babylon]]'' (UK 6; US 3), released in 1997 to mixed reviews. Despite the lack of a hit single from the album, sales were reasonably equivalent to those of previous records, and the subsequent international tour [[Bridges to Babylon Tour]] that crossed Europe, North America and other destinations proved the band to be a strong live attraction. Once again, a live album was culled from the tour, ''[[No Security]]'' (UK 67; US 34), only this time all but two songs ("[[Live With Me]]" and "The  Last Time") were previously unreleased on live albums. In 1999, the Stones staged the [[No Security Tour]] in the U.S and continued and finished the Babylon tour in Europe. The No Security Tour was a stripped down affair without all the pyrotechnics and mammoth stages.
+
On March 24, 2007, the band announced a tour of Europe called the "Bigger Bang 2007" tour, which became the highest-grossing tour of all time, earning $437 million and a place in the [[Guinness World Records]]. June 12, 2007 saw the release of the Stones' second four-disc, DVD set entitled ''[[The Biggest Bang]]'', featuring the band's shows in [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], Rio de Janeiro, [[Saitama, Japan]], [[Shanghai]], and [[Buenos Aires]], as well as extras. As with their first DVD set, the collection was to be sold exclusively through retailer [[Best Buy]].
  
−
=== 2000-present ===
+
In October 2010, the Stones released ''Ladies and Gentlemen: The Rolling Stones'' to cinemas and later to DVD. A digitally remastered version of the film was shown in select cinemas across the United States. Although originally released to cinemas in 1974, it had never been available for home release apart from bootleg recordings. In October 2011, the Stones released ''The Rolling Stones: Some Girls Live In Texas '78'' to cinemas. A digitally remastered version of the film was shown in select cinemas across the US. This live performance was recorded during one show in Ft. Worth, Texas in support of their 1978 US Tour and their album ''Some Girls''. The film was released (on DVD/Blu-ray Disc) on 15 November 2011. On 21 November, the band reissued ''Some Girls'' as a 2-CD deluxe edition. The second CD included twelve previously unreleased tracks (except "So Young", which was a B-side to "Out of Tears") from the sessions with mostly newly recorded vocals by Jagger.
−
In late 2001, Mick Jagger released his fourth solo album ''[[Goddess in the Doorway]]'' (UK 44; US 39), which met mixed reviews. Keith Richards called the album "Dogshit in the Doorway."{{Fact|date=November 2007}} Jagger and Richards took part in "[[The Concert for New York City]]," performing "[[Salt of the Earth (song)|Salt of the Earth]]" and "Miss You" with a backing band.  
 
  
−
In 2002, the band announced the ''[[Licks Tour]]'' and released ''[[Forty Licks]]'' (UK 2; US 2), a [[greatest hits]] album that contained four new songs recorded with the latter-day core band of Jagger, Richards, Watts, Wood, Leavell and Jones. The same year, [[Q (magazine)|''Q'' magazine]] named The Rolling Stones as one of the "50 Bands To See Before You Die",<ref>[http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/qlistspage2.html#Die… "Q - 50 Bands You Must See Before You Die"]''rocklist.neyt'', September 2002. accessed 7 June 2007</ref> and the 2002-2003 Licks Tour gave people that chance. On 30 July 2003, the band headlined the [[Molson Canadian Rocks for Toronto]] concert in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]], to help the city—which they had frequently used for rehearsals—recover from the 2003 [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] epidemic. The concert was attended by an estimated 490,000 people.
+
===2012–2016===
−
[[Image:Keith Richards Hannover 2006.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Keith Richards in Hannover, 2006, during the ''A Bigger Bang Tour'']]
+
The Rolling Stones celebrated their 50th anniversary in the summer of 2012 by releasing the book ''The Rolling Stones: 50''. A new take on the band's lip-and-tongue logo, designed by Shepard Fairey, was also revealed and used during the celebrations.
−
On 9 November 2003, the band played its first concert in [[Hong Kong]] as part of the [[Harbour Fest]] celebration, also in support of the SARS-affected economy. In November of 2003, the band exclusively licensed the right to sell their new 4-DVD boxed set, ''[[Four Flicks]]'', recorded on the band's most recent world tour, to the U.S. [[Best Buy]] chain of stores. In response, some Canadian and U.S. music retail chains (including [[HMV]] Canada and [[Circuit City]]) pulled Rolling Stones CDs and related merchandise from their shelves and replaced them with signs explaining the situation.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2003/SHOWBIZ/Music/11/03/stones.reut/index.html "Some U.S. retailers join Stones boycott"]''CNN'', November 2003. accessed 14 June 2007</ref>
 
  
−
On July 26 2005, Jagger's birthday, the band announced the name of their new album, ''[[A Bigger Bang]]'' (UK 2; US 3), which was released on September 6 to strong reviews, including a glowing write-up in ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' (noted for its consistent support of the group).<ref>[http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/album/7590942/a_bigger_bang "A Bigger Bang: Review"] ''Rolling Stone'', 22 September 2005. accessed 14 June 2007</ref>  The album included the most controversial song from the Stones in years, [[Sweet Neo Con (song)|"Sweet Neo Con"]], a criticism of [[Neoconservatism in the United States|American Neoconservatism]] from Jagger.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4137698.stm "Stones 'slate Bush' in album song"]''BBC News'', 2005. accessed 16 October 2007</ref> The song was reportedly almost dropped from the album due to objections from Richards. When asked if he was afraid of political backlash that the [[Dixie Chicks]] had endured for criticism of American involvement in the war in Iraq, Richards responded that the album came first, and that, "I don't want to be sidetracked by some little political "storm in a teacup".<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RE9-VP2zFpg]''CNN News'', 2005. accessed 27 November 2007</ref>
+
A new compilation album, ''GRRR!'', was released on November 12. Available in four different formats, it included two new tracks, "Doom and Gloom" and "One More Shot," recorded at Studio Guillaume Tell in Paris, France, in the last few weeks of August 2012. The album went on to sell over two million copies worldwide.
−
The subsequent [[A Bigger Bang Tour]] began in August 2005, and visited North America, South America and East Asia. In February 2006, the group played the half-time show of [[Super Bowl XL]] in the Detroit, Michigan.  By the end of 2005, the Bigger Bang tour set a record of $162 million in gross receipts, breaking the North American mark also set by the Stones in 1994. Later that month, the band played to a claimed 1.5 million on the [[Copacabana]] beach in [[Rio de Janeiro]] in a free concert.  After performances in New Zealand, Keith Richards went to hospital on May 2006 for brain surgery after a dubious "fall from a coconut tree"<ref>[http://www.uncut.co.uk/music/the_rolling_stones/special_features/8779 "KEITH RICHARDS AND THE FIJI FALL: THE MYSTERY DEEPENS"]''Uncut''. accessed 5 October 2007</ref> on [[Fiji]], causing a six-week postponement of the European leg of the tour.
 
−
 
−
[[Image:Rstonestoday.jpg|left|thumb|The Rolling Stones in 2005]]
 
−
The following month, it was reported that Ron Wood was entering rehabilitation for alcohol abuse. The Stones returned to North America for concerts in September 2006, and returned to Europe on June 5, 2007.  By November 2006, the Bigger Bang tour had been declared the highest-grossing tour of all time, earning $437 million. The North American leg brought in the third-highest receipts ever ($138.5 million), trailing their own 2005 tour ($162 million) and the [[U2]] tour of that same year ($138.9 million).<ref>[http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7005631070 "Stones Roll Over U2 To Claim Highest Grossing Concert Tour"]''[[All Headline News]]'', 29 November 2006</ref> The Stones show in Horsens, Denmark, drew 85,000 people, the largest audience at any show on the scheduled part of the tour.
 
  
−
In late October 2006, filmmaker [[Martin Scorsese]] filmed the Stones at New York City's  [[Beacon Theater]], featuring an audience that included several world leaders, for release in 2008 titled ''[[Shine a Light (film)|Shine a Light]]''<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0893382/ "Shine A Light"]''[[Internet Movie Database]]'', 16 January 2007</ref> which includes performances with [[Jack White]] and [[Christina Aguilera]]. On March 24, 2007, the band announced a tour of Europe called the "Bigger Bang 2007" tour. June 12, 2007 saw the release of the Stones' second four-disc DVD set entitled ''[[The Biggest Bang]]'', a seven-hour document featuring the band's shows in [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], Rio de Janeiro, [[Saitama, Japan]], [[Shanghai]], and [[Buenos Aires]], as well as extras. As with their first DVD set, the collection will be sold exclusively through Best Buy.<ref>[http://biz.yahoo.com/cnw/070530/best_buy_biggest_bang.html?.v=1 "Best Buy Brings The Biggest Bang to Life for Rolling Stones Fans"]''[[Yahoo!]]'', 30 May 2007</ref>
+
In November 2012, the Stones began their ''50 & Counting...'' tour at London's O2 Arena, where they were joined by [[Jeff Beck]]. At their second show in London, [[Eric Clapton]] and Florence Welch joined the group onstage. The third anniversary concert took place on December 8 at the Barclays Center, Brooklyn, New York. The last two dates were at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey, on December 13 and 15. [[Bruce Springsteen]] and blues rock band the Black Keys joined the band on the final night. They also played two songs at ''12-12-12: The Concert for Sandy Relief''.
−
[[Image:Charlie Watts Hannover 19-07-2006.jpg|right|thumb|Charlie Watts in Hannover, 2006]]
 
−
On June 10, 2007, the band performed their first gig at a festival in 30 years, at the [[Isle of Wight Festival]], to a crowd of 50,000. On August 26, 2007 they played their last concert of the [[A Bigger Bang Tour]]. Mick Jagger released a compilation of his solo work called ''[[The Very Best Of Mick Jagger]]'' including new songs on October 2, 2007. Rumours for a new tour in 2008 were confirmed by Ronnie Wood in a recent interview..{{Fact|date=October 2007}}
 
  
−
On September 26, 2007, it was announced The Rolling Stones had made $437 million on the A Bigger Bang Tour to list them in the latest [[edition]] of [[Guinness World Record]].<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20991144/  MSNBC< Another Stones record—this one in Guinness]</ref>
+
The Stones played nineteen shows in the US in spring 2013, before returning to the UK. On June 29, the band performed at the 2013 Glastonbury Festival. They returned to Hyde Park in July, where they performed the same set list as their 1969 concert at the venue, though it was not free like the 1969 concert. ''Hyde Park Live'' was released exclusively as a digital download through iTunes later that month. A live DVD, ''Sweet Summer Sun: Live in Hyde Park'', was released on November 11.
  
−
== Musical evolution ==
+
In 2014, the band embarked on their ''14 On Fire'' tour spanning the Middle East, Asia, Australia, and Europe. It included there first ever performance in Israel.
 +
[[File:Rolling Stones in Cuba-4601.jpg|thumb|400px|The Rolling Stones perform on March 25, 2016 in Havana, [[Cuba]]]]
 +
The Stones embarked on their Latin American tour in 2016. On March 25, the band played a bonus show, a free open-air concert in Havana, [[Cuba]], which was attended by an estimated 500,000 concert-goers. In June of that year, they released ''Totally Stripped'', an expanded and reconceived edition of ''Stripped'', in multiple formats. The film ''Olé Olé Olé: A Trip Across Latin America'', a documentary of their Latin America tour, was shown in cinemas on December 12 for one night only. ''Olé Olé Olé: A Trip Across Latin America'' came out on DVD and Blu-ray on May 26, 2017. The Stones performed at the Desert Trip festival held in Indio, California, playing two nights, 7 and 14 October, the same nights as [[Bob Dylan]].
  
−
The Rolling Stones are extremely notable in modern popular music for assimilating various musical genres into their recording and performance; ultimately making the styles their very own. The band's career is marked by a continual reference and reliance on musical styles like American blues, country, folk, reggae, dance; world music exemplified by the [[Master Musicians of Jajouka]]; as well as traditional English styles that use stringed instrumentation like [[harps]]. The band cut their musical teeth by covering early rock and roll and blues songs, and have never stopped playing live or recording cover songs.  
+
The band released ''Blue & Lonesome'' on December 2, 2016. The album consisted of 12 blues covers of artists like [[Howlin' Wolf]], [[Jimmy Reed]], and [[Little Walter]]. Recording took place in British Grove Studios, London, in December 2015, and featured [[Eric Clapton]] on two tracks. The album reached No. 1 in the UK, the second-highest opening sales week for an album that year. It also debuted at No. 4 on the Billboard 200.
  
−
Often the first instances of this come through a started as a blues-based R&B band. Jagger and Richards' shared interest in the Americans Jimmy Reed, Muddy Waters, and Little Walter, were influential on the band's leader, Brian Jones, of whom Richards says, "He was more into T-Bone Walker and jazz-blues stuff. We'd turn him onto Chuck Berry and say, "Look, it's all the same shit, man, and you can do it."<ref name=RSkeith /> Charlie Watts, a traditional jazz drummer, was also turned onto the blues after his introduction to the Stones. "Keith and Brian turned me on to Jimmy Reed and people like that. I learned that Earl Phillips was playing on those records like a jazz drummer, playing swing, with a straight four..."<ref name=according />
+
===2017–present===
 +
In May 2017, the ''No Filter Tour'' was announced, with fourteen shows in twelve different venues across Europe in September and October of the same year. It was later extended throughout July 2018, adding fourteen new dates across the UK and Europe, making it the band's first UK tour since 2006. Plans were made to bring the tour to the U.S. in 2019, however it was delayed first due to Jagger's surgery for a heart valve replacement, and then due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  
−
==Members==
+
The Rolling Stones—featuring Jagger, Richards, Watts, and Wood at their homes—were one of the headline acts on ''Global Citizen's One World: Together at Home'' on-line and on-screen concert on April 18, 2020, a global event featuring dozens of artists and comedians to support frontline healthcare workers and the World Health Organization during the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 23, the single "Living in a Ghost Town," a new song recorded in London and Los Angeles in 2019 and finished in isolation (part of the new material that the band were recording in the studio before the COVID-19 lockdown), was released. The song reached number one on the German Singles Chart, the first time the Stones had reached the top spot in 52 years, and making them the oldest artists ever to do so.
−
{| class="toccolours"  border=1 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 style="width: 500px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid #E2E2E2;"
 
−
|-
 
−
! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | (1962)
 
−
|
 
−
* [[Mick Jagger]] - [[lead vocals]], [[harmonica]], [[percussion]]
 
−
* [[Brian Jones]] - guitars, backing vocals, harmonica, percussion
 
−
* [[Keith Richards]] - guitars, [[backing vocals]]
 
−
* [[Ian Stewart]] - [[piano]], [[keyboard instrument|keyboards]], percussion
 
  
−
with
+
The band's 1973 album ''Goats Head Soup'' was reissued on September 4, 2020 and featured previously unreleased outtakes, such as "Criss Cross," which was released as a single and music video on July 9, 2020, "Scarlet," featuring Jimmy Page, and "All the Rage." On September 11, 2020, the album topped the UK Albums Chart and the Rolling Stones became the first band to top the chart across six different decades.
  
−
* [[Trevor Whittaker]] - [[rhythm guitar]], percussion
+
In August 2021, it was announced that Watts would undergo an unspecified medical procedure and would not perform on the remainder of the ''No Filter'' tour. Watts died on August 24, 2021, at the age of 80, in a London hospital with his family around him. The Rolling Stones showed pictures and videos of Watts at the beginning of each concert on rest of the ''No Filter'' Tour.
−
* [[Dick Taylor]] - [[bass guitar|bass]]
 
−
* [[Tony Chapman]] - [[drum kit|drums]]
 
−
* [[Carlo Little]] - [[drums]]
 
−
* [[Mick Avory]] - drums
 
−
|-
 
−
! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | (1962-1963)
 
−
|
 
−
* Mick Jagger - lead vocals, harmonica, percussion
 
−
* Brian Jones - guitars, backing vocals, harmonica, percussion
 
−
* Keith Richards - guitars, backing vocals
 
−
* [[Bill Wyman]] - bass
 
−
* Ian Stewart - piano, keyboards, percussion
 
−
|-
 
−
! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | (1963-1969)
 
−
|
 
−
* Mick Jagger - lead vocals, harmonica, percussion
 
−
* Brian Jones - guitars,  backing vocals, harmonica, keyboards, bass, [[sitar]], [[reed (music)|reeds]], percussion, [[dulcimer]], [[woodwind]], [[tamboura]], [[recorder]], [[clarinet]], [[autoharp]]
 
−
* Keith Richards - guitars, vocals, bass, keyboards
 
−
* Bill Wyman - bass, backing vocals, percussion, keyboards
 
−
* [[Charlie Watts]] - drums, percussion
 
−
|-
 
−
! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | (1969-1974)
 
−
|
 
−
* Mick Jagger - lead vocals, harmonica, keyboards, percussion, guitar
 
−
* [[Mick Taylor]] - guitars, bass, [[synthesizer]], percussion, backing vocals
 
−
* Keith Richards - guitars, vocals, bass, keyboards
 
−
* Bill Wyman - bass, [[synthesizer]]
 
−
* Charlie Watts - drums, percussion
 
−
|-
 
−
! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | (1974-1993)
 
−
|
 
−
* Mick Jagger - lead vocals, harmonica, keyboards, guitar
 
−
* [[Ron Wood]] - guitars, backing vocals, percussion, bass
 
−
* Keith Richards - guitars, vocals, bass
 
−
* Bill Wyman - bass, synthesizer
 
−
* Charlie Watts - drums, percussion
 
  
−
|-
+
==Legacy==
−
! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | (1993-present)
+
{{readout||right|250px|The Rolling Stones are the longest lived rock and roll band in history}}
−
|  
+
Besides their huge popularity and unprecedented longevity as a top rock and roll band, the Rolling Stones are notable in modern popular music for assimilating various musical genres into their recordings and performances, ultimately making a unique style of their own. The band's career is marked by a continual reference and reliance on musical styles like American [[blues]], [[country music|country]], [[R & B]], [[folk music|folk]], [[reggae]], and [[world music]], as well as traditional English styles that use stringed instrumentation like [[violin]]s and [[harps]].
−
* Mick Jagger - lead vocals, harmonica, percussion, guitar, bass, keyboards
 
−
* Ron Wood - guitars, backing vocals, bass
 
−
* Keith Richards - guitars, vocals, bass, keyboards
 
−
* Charlie Watts - drums, percussion
 
−
|}
 
  
−
==Discography==
+
While the claim that they are history's "greatest rock and roll band" may be debated, they are certainly one of the most successful and longest-lived.
−
{{see|The Rolling Stones discography}}
 
−
 
 
−
==Tours==
 
−
* 2005-2007 - [[A Bigger Bang Tour]]
 
−
* 2002/2003 - [[Licks Tour]]
 
−
* 1999 - [[No Security Tour]]
 
−
* 1997/1998 - [[Bridges To Babylon Tour]]
 
−
* 1994/1995 - [[Voodoo Lounge Tour]]
 
−
* 1989/1990 - [[Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour]]
 
−
* 1982 - [[Rolling Stones European Tour 1982|European Tour 1982]]
 
−
* 1981 - [[Rolling Stones American Tour 1981|American Tour 1981]]
 
−
* 1978 - [[Rolling Stones US Tour 1978|US Tour 1978]]
 
−
* 1976 - [[Rolling Stones Tour of Europe '76|Tour of Europe '76]]
 
−
* 1975 - [[Rolling Stones Tour of the Americas '75|Tour of the Americas '75]]
 
−
* 1973 - [[The Rolling Stones European Tour 1973|European Tour 1973]]
 
−
* 1973 - [[The Rolling Stones Pacific Tour 1973|Pacific Tour 1973]]
 
−
* 1972 - [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1972|American Tour 1972]] (also known as S.T.P. Tour)
 
−
* 1971 - [[The Rolling Stones UK Tour 1971|UK Tour 1971]] (also known as the Goodbye Britain Tour)
 
−
* 1970 - [[The Rolling Stones European Tour 1970|European Tour 1970]]
 
−
* 1969 - [[The Rolling Stones American Tour 1969|American Tour 1969]] (famous but didn't seem to have a name)
 
−
* 1967 - European Tour
 
−
* 1966 - Australia and New Zealand Tour, European Tour, North American Tour, British Tour
 
−
* 1965 - 1 Far East tour, 4 European tours, 3 British tours, 2 North American tours
 
−
* 1964 - 4 British tours, 2 US tours, 1 concert on European Continent (The Netherlands)
 
−
* 1963 - British Tour (as an opening act)
 
−
 
 
−
==Videography==
 
−
* 1968: ''[[One Plus One]]'' (also titled ''Sympathy for the Devil''), film by [[Jean-Luc Godard]] (DVD)
 
−
* 1969: ''Stones in the Park'' (DVD)
 
−
* 1970: ''[[Gimme Shelter (film)|Gimme Shelter]]'' (DVD)
 
−
* 1972: ''[[Cocksucker Blues]]''
 
−
* 1974: ''[[Ladies and Gentlemen: The Rolling Stones]]''
 
−
* 1982: ''[[Let's Spend the Night Together (film)|Let's Spend the Night Together]]'' (DVD)
 
−
* 1984: ''[[Video Rewind]]'' (VHS)
 
−
* 1989: ''[[25x5 - The continuing adventures of the Rolling Stones]]'' (VHS)
 
−
* 1990: ''[[Stones at the Max]]'' (VHS)
 
−
* 1995: ''[[The Rolling Stones: Voodoo Lounge Live]]'' (DVD)
 
−
* 1996: ''[[The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus]]'' (DVD - concert from 1968)
 
−
* 1998: ''[[Bridges To Babylon Tour '97-98]]'' (DVD)
 
−
* 2003: ''[[Four Flicks]]'' (DVD)
 
−
* 2007: ''[[The Biggest Bang]]'' (DVD)
 
−
* 2008: ''[[Shine a Light (film)|Shine a Light]]'' directed by Martin Scorcese
 
−
 
 
−
==See also==
 
−
*[[List of best-selling music artists]]
 
−
*[[List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart]]
 
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
{{reflist}}
+
* Booth, Stanley. ''The True Adventures of the Rolling Stones''. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2000. ISBN 1556524005
 +
* Booth, Stanley. ''Dance With the Devil: The Rolling Stones and Their Times''. New York: Random House, 1984. ISBN 0394534883
 +
* Booth, Stanley, and Bob Gruen. ''Keith: Standing In the Shadows''. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. ISBN 0312118414
 +
* Carr, Roy. ''The Rolling Stones: An Illustrated Record''. New York: Harmony Books, 1976. ISBN 0517526417
 +
* Greenfield, Robert: ''S.T.P.: A Journey Through America With The Rolling Stones''. Cambridge, MA: De Capo Press, 2002. ISBN 0306811995
 +
* Jagger, Mick, Keith Richards, Charlie Watts, and Ronnie Wood. ''The Rolling Stones 50''. Hyperion, 2012. ISBN 978-1401324735
 +
* The Rolling Stones and Anthony DeCurtis. ''The Rolling Stones: Unzipped''. Thames & Hudson, 2021. ISBN 978-0500023853
  
−
==Further reading==
+
==External links==
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* [http://www.therollingstones-thephotobookbygeredmankowitz.com?aid=wiki/ Gered Mankowitz: The Rolling Stones - Out of Their Heads.] Photographs 1965-67 and 1982. [ISBN 3-89602-664-X] 
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All links retrieved April 30, 2023.
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*[[Stanley Booth]], ''The True Adventures of the Rolling Stones'', Chicago Review Press (2000), ISBN 1-55652-400-5
 
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*Stanley Booth, ''Dance With the Devil: The Rolling Stones and Their Times'', Random House (1984), ISBN 0-394-53488-3
 
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*[[Roy Carr]], ''The Rolling Stones: An Illustrated Record'', Harmony Books (1976), ISBN 0-517-52641-7
 
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*Robert Greenfield, ''S.T.P.: A Journey Through America With The Rolling Stones'' (1974), Reissued De Capo Press, 2002. ISBN 0-306-81199-5
 
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*[[Greil Marcus]], "Myth and Misquotation," ''The Dustbin Of History'', Harvard University Press (1997), ISBN 0-674-21858-2
 
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* James Phelge, "Nankering with the Rolling Stones," 2000. ISBN 1556523734
 
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*The Rolling Stones, ''According to The Rolling Stones'', Chronicle Books (2003), ISBN 0-8118-4060-3
 
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*[http://www.gramparsons.com/faq/ The Gram Parsons Homepage FAQ]
 
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* [http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-68-832/arts_entertainment/rolling_stones/ CBC Digital Archives - The Rolling Stones: Canada gets Satisfaction]
 
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* [http://www.genesis-publications.com/books/tota/index.html T.O.T.A '75] The official illustrated account of The Rolling Stones Tour of The Americas '75
 
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* Stanley Booth, "Keith:Standing In The Shadows," St. Martin's Press (1995), ISBN 0-312-11841-4
 
  
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==External links==
 
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{{commoncat|Rolling Stones}}
 
 
* [http://www.rollingstones.com/ Official website]
 
* [http://www.rollingstones.com/ Official website]
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* [http://www.iorr.org/ IORR The Rolling Stones Fan Club of Europe]
 
 
* {{MusicBrainz artist|id=b071f9fa-14b0-4217-8e97-eb41da73f598|name=The Rolling Stones}}
 
* {{MusicBrainz artist|id=b071f9fa-14b0-4217-8e97-eb41da73f598|name=The Rolling Stones}}
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* [http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/therollingstones/biography The Rolling Stones] at [[Rolling Stone]]
 
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* [http://www.discogs.com/artist/Rolling+Stones,+The The Rolling Stones] at [[Discogs]]
 
 
* [http://tsort.info/music/r3kx6r.htm The Rolling Stones songs in the charts]
 
* [http://tsort.info/music/r3kx6r.htm The Rolling Stones songs in the charts]
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* [http://www.paulbowles.org/photosfriendsfour.html The Rolling Stones recording their ''Steel Wheels'' album with Bachir Attar and The Master Musicians of Jajouka in 1989]
 
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* {{imdb name|1213869|The Rolling Stones}}
 
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* [http://www.shidoobee.com/ SHIDOOBEE with Stonesdoug & the Rolling Stones
 
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{{The Rolling Stones}}
 
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[[Category:The Rolling Stones| ]]
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[[Category:art, music, literature, sports and leisure]]
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[[Category:Musical groups established in 1962]]
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Latest revision as of 17:26, 30 April 2023

The Rolling Stones
The Rolling Stones, 2006.
The Rolling Stones, 2006.
Background information
Origin London, England
Genre(s) Rock and roll, blues, country, R&B, psychedelic rock, reggae
Years active 1962–Present
Label(s) Decca
Rolling Stones Records
Virgin Records
Website RollingStones.com
Members
Mick Jagger
Keith Richards
Ron Wood
Former members
Charlie Watts†
Bill Wyman
Brian Jones†
Mick Taylor
Ian Stewart†

The Rolling Stones are an English rock band whose blues and rhythm and blues-infused music propelled them to the heights of popularity during the "British Invasion" in the early 1960s. They went on to become the longest-lived major rock band in history, and one of the most successful.

Originally formed in London in 1962 by Brian Jones, the band was later led by the songwriting partnership of singer Mick Jagger and guitarist Keith Richards. Drummer Charlie Watts, and bassist Bill Wyman completed the early lineup. Jones died in 1969 shortly after being fired from the band, and a number of personnel changes have followed over the band's long career. Known as rock and roll's "bad boys" in contrast to the Beatles' relatively unthreatening demeanor, their unkempt and surly image is one that many musicians still emulate.

Named after a blues song by Muddy Waters, the Rolling Stones have released more than 50 albums of original work and compilations and have had 32 UK and U.S. top-ten singles, selling more than 200 million albums worldwide. In 1971, Sticky Fingers began a string of eight consecutive studio albums that reached number one in the United States. In 1989, "The Stones" were inducted into the American Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and in 2004 they were ranked number four in Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.

Band history

Founding: 1960-1962

Mick Jagger

In 1951, Keith Richards and Mick Jagger were classmates at Wentworth County Junior High School in England. They met again in 1960 while Richards was attending Sidcup Art College. With mutual friend Dick Taylor (later of Pretty Things), they formed the band, Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys. Meanwhile, Stones founders Brian Jones, and pianist Ian Stewart were active in the London R&B scene fostered by Cyril Davies and Alexis Korner. Jagger and Richards met Jones when Jones was playing slide guitar sitting in with Korner's Blues Inc. Korner had also periodically hired Jagger and future Stones drummer Charlie Watts.

The band's first rehearsal was organized by Brian Jones. It included Stewart, Jagger, and Richards, who came along at Jagger's invitation. In June 1962, the lineup was Jagger, Richards, Stewart, Jones, Taylor, and drummer Tony Chapman. Jones soon renamed the band, The Rolling Stones, after the song "Rollin' Stone" by Muddy Waters.

1962-1964

On July 12, 1962, the group played its first formal "gig" at the Marquee club in central London, featuring Jagger, Richards, Jones, Stewart on piano, Taylor on bass, and Tony Chapman on drums. Jones intended for the band to play primarily Chicago blues, but Jagger and Richards brought the rock and roll of Chuck Berry and Bo Diddley to the band. Taylor soon left the group. Bassist Bill Wyman joined in December and drummer Charlie Watts the following January to form the Stones' long standing rhythm section.

Keith Richards

The group's first EP, The Rolling Stones and album (titled England's Newest Hit Makers in the U.S.), were composed primarily of covers drawn from the band's live repertoire. A notable hit from the album was the band's first top-40 single written by Jagger and Richards, "Tell Me (You're Coming Back)," backed by the Willie Dixon-penned "I Just Want to Make Love to You," which had earlier been an R & B hit for Muddy Waters. After signing with Decca Records, the Stones began touring the UK and Europe. On their first tour of England, they were billed with American stars including Ike and Tina Turner, Bo Diddley, The Ronettes, The Everly Brothers, and Little Richard. The first tour also cemented the Stones' shift from a rhythm-and-blues band to more of a pop band, resulting in a reduction in the number of blues songs the band played live.

The Rolling Stones' first UK chart-topper was the cover of "It's All Over Now" in June 1964. The UK album, The Rolling Stones No. 2 (The Rolling Stones, Now! in the United States), released in 1965, reached number one in the UK and number five in the U.S. It contained mainly cover tunes but was augmented by songs composed by Jagger and Richards.

During their first American tour in 1964, the Stones began years of recording at American Chess Studios in Chicago and RCA Studios in Los Angeles. The Stones' version of “Little Red Rooster,” another Willie Dixon composition that had earlier been released by Howlin' Wolf, went to number one in the UK, but was temporarily banned in the U.S. because of its sexually suggestive lyrics about sexual impotency.

The Stones also appeared on American variety shows such as The Ed Sullivan Show. Sullivan reacted negatively to the pandemonium cause by the Stones and vowed to never host them again, although he later booked them repeatedly. They also played on the The Hollywood Palace where host Dean Martin made fun of their longish hair, which was considered provocative. In October, the band appeared immediately after James Brown in the filmed theatrical release of The T.A.M.I. Show, which showcased American acts with "British Invasion" artists.

Although the Stones successfully rode the British Invasion wave initiated by the Beatles, manager Andrew Loog Oldham crafted the band's image to be the Beatles' opposite, projecting a tough, bluesy, and more overtly sexual image.

1965-1969

The first Jagger/Richards composition to reach number one in the UK was "The Last Time" in early 1965, based on a gospel song of the same name and featuring a memorable fuzz-tone riff by Jones. The U.S. version of that year's Out of Our Heads LP contained seven original songs, including the smash hit "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction." It became the band's signature song, as well as its first number one in the US, where it remained for four weeks in July and established the Stones as a worldwide premier act.

Shortly thereafter, the group released its second US number one single, "Get Off of My Cloud." Out of Our Heads and the U.S.-only released December's Children were also the last Stones albums to feature cover songs predominantly. Aftermath (UK number one; US number two) in the spring of 1966 was the first Stones album to be composed only of Jagger/Richards songs. The American version of the LP included the chart-topping, Middle Eastern-influenced "Paint It, Black," the ballad "Lady Jane," and the almost 12-minute long "Going Home," the first extended jam on a top-selling rock-and-roll album.

January 1967 saw the release of Between the Buttons (UK number three; U.S. number two). The U.S. version included the double A-side single of "Let's Spend the Night Together" and "Ruby Tuesday." When the Stones again performed the former on The Ed Sullivan Show, Jagger was forced to mumble the song's lyrics and change the chorus to "Let's Spend Some Time Together" due to the threat of censorship.

In December 1967, the Stones released Their Satanic Majesties Request (UK number three; U.S. two), released shortly after the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. Jagger was a strong advocate of the psychedelic sound of the album, but rarely have any songs from the record been played live. It also marked the first time the Stones produced their own album.

By early 1968, the Stones had acquired Allen Klein as their new manager. The band spent the first few months of the year compiling material for their next album. These sessions resulted in the song "Jumpin' Jack Flash," released as a single in May. The song, and the resulting album, Beggars Banquet (UK number three; U.S. five), marked the band's return to its blues roots with new producer Jimmy Miller. Featuring the album's lead single "Street Fighting Man" and the opening track "Sympathy for the Devil," Beggars Banquet was another eclectic mix of country and blues-inspired tunes and was hailed as a major achievement for the Stones at the time of its release. During this time, Richards started using open tunings, most prominently a 5-string open-G tuning, as heard on the 1969 single, "Honky Tonk Women," "Brown Sugar" (Sticky Fingers, 1971), "Tumbling Dice," "Happy," (Exile on Main St., 1972), and "Start Me Up" (Tattoo You, 1981). Open tunings lead to the Stones' (and Richards') later trademark guitar sound.

By the release of Beggars Banquet, Brian Jones' drug problems had resulted in increasingly sporadic contributions to the band's recordings. He was also unable to obtain a U.S. visa. The other band members agreed to let Jones go. His replacement was the 21-year-old guitarist Mick Taylor of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers, who started recording with the band immediately. On July 3, 1969, less than a month later, Jones drowned in the pool at his Cotchford Farm home in Sussex.

1969-1974

Despite the death of Jones two days previously, a scheduled concert in London's Hyde Park went ahead in front of an estimated 250,000 fans. Jagger read an excerpt from Percy Bysshe Shelley's elegy Adonais and released thousands of butterflies in memory of Jones.

The release of Let It Bleed (UK number one; U.S. three) came in December. Their last album of the 1960s, Let It Bleed featured "Gimme Shelter," "You Can't Always Get What You Want," "Midnight Rambler," as well as a cover of blues legend Robert Johnson's "Love in Vain." Most of these songs became part of the live show for the resulting tour of America, their first in three years. The tour culminated with the band's staging of the Altamont Free Concert, at the disused Altamont Speedway, east of San Francisco. The concert grew ugly and turned into a disaster, due in part to the hiring of the Hell's Angels to undertake security, as a fan was stabbed and beaten to death by the Angels. The tour and the Altamont concert were documented in Albert and David Maysles' film Gimme Shelter. As a response to the growing popularity of bootleg recordings of the concert, the live album Get Yer Ya-Yas Out! (UK number one; U.S. number six) was released in 1970.

When the band's 1963 contract with Decca Records ended, the Stones formed their own record company, Rolling Stones Records. With several cuts recorded at Alabama's Muscle Shoals Sound Studio during the 1969 American tour, Sticky Fingers (UK number one; U.S. number one), released in March 1971, contains one of the band's best known hits, "Brown Sugar."

Following the release of Sticky Fingers, the Stones left England after allegations by the UK Inland Revenue service of unpaid income tax. The band moved to the South of France where Richards rented a chateau, Villa Nellcôte, and sublet rooms to band members and entourage. Using mobile studio, they continued recording sessions that stretched as far back as 1969. The recordings were finished at Sunset Sound in Los Angeles by the band. The resulting double album, Exile on Main St. (UK number one; U.S. number one), was released in May 1972.

In November 1972, the band began sessions in Kingston, Jamaica for their follow-up to Exile, Goats Head Soup (UK number one; U.S. number one) (1973). The album spawned the worldwide hit "Angie," but proved to be the first in a string of commercially successful, but tepidly received studio albums. The sessions for Goats Head Soup led to a number of outtakes, most notably an early version of the popular ballad "Waiting on a Friend," not released until Tattoo You eight years later.

The band went to Musicland studios in Munich to record its next album, 1974's It's Only Rock 'n Roll (UK number two; U.S. number one). Instead, Jagger and Richards assumed production duties and were credited as "the Glimmer Twins." Both the album and the single of the same name were hits, even without an immediate tour to promote them.

1974-1982

Ron Wood

Ron Wood replaced Taylor for the 1976 album, Black and Blue (UK number two; U.S. number one) after committing to the Stones in 1975 for their upcoming Tour of the Americas. The tour featured stage props including a giant phallus and a rope on which Jagger swung out over the audience.

Although the Stones remained popular through the first half of the 1970s, music critics had grown increasingly dismissive of the band's output, and record sales failed to meet expectations. Jagger had booked a live recording session at the El Mocambo club in Toronto to balance a long-overdue live album, 1977's Love You Live (UK number three; U.S. number five), the first Stones live album since 1970's Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out!.

In 1978, the band released Some Girls (UK number two; U.S. number one), which included "Miss You" and "Beast of Burden." The album's success re-established the Stones' popularity among young people. The band released its next album Emotional Rescue (UK number two; U.S. number one) in mid-1980. However, the recording of the album was reportedly plagued by turmoil, with Jagger and Richards' relationship reaching a new low.

In early 1981, the group recorded Tattoo You (UK number two; U.S. number one) which featured the lead single "Start Me Up," now a perennial favorite at sporting events. The Stones' American Tour 1981 was their biggest, longest, and most colorful production to date. In mid 1982, to commemorate their twentieth anniversary, the Stones took their American stage show to Europe, their first European tour in six years. For the tour, the band was joined by former Allman Brothers Band piano player Chuck Leavell, who continues to play and record with the Stones. By the end of the year, the band had signed a new four-album, $28 million recording deal with a new label, CBS Records.

1983-1991

Before leaving Atlantic, the Stones released Undercover (UK number three; U.S. number four) in late 1983. Despite good reviews, the record sold below expectations and there was no tour to support it. By 1985, Jagger was spending more time on solo recordings, and much of the material on 1986's Dirty Work (UK number four; U.S. number four four) was by Keith Richards, with more contributions by Ron Wood than on previous Stones albums. The Stones were awarded a Lifetime Achievement in February 1986. Richards followed Jagger into the solo field in 1988 when he released his first solo album, Talk Is Cheap (UK number 37; U.S. number 24), which fans and critics received well.

In early 1989, the Stones were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Jagger and Richards patched up their differences enough for the band to release yet another successful album, Steel Wheels (UK number two; U.S. number three). The subsequent US Steel Wheels Tour saw the Stones touring for the first time in seven years, and it was their biggest stage production to date. The opening acts were Living Colour and Guns N' Roses. By the time the tour reached Europe in 1990, the name had been changed to the Urban Jungle Tour. This tour was the last for Bill Wyman, who left the band after the tour, although it was not made official until 1993.

1992-1999

Jagger with Sheryle Crow during the Licks Tour

After the successes of Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle tours, band members concentrated on solo work. The Stones' new distributor, Virgin Records, remastered and repackaged the band's back catalog of studio albums and also issued a new compilation in 1993 entitled Jump Back: The Best of The Rolling Stones (UK number 16; U.S. number 30). In the same year the Stones began work on their next studio album. With Darryl Jones replacing Wyman, Voodoo Lounge reached UK number one and US number two, going double platinum in the U.S. It would go on to win the 1995 Grammy Award for Best Rock Album. The accompanying Voodoo Lounge Tour began in 1994 and lasted into 1995.

The Rolling Stones' last album of the 90s was Bridges to Babylon (UK number six; U.S. number three), released in 1997 to mixed reviews. Despite the lack of a hit single from the album, sales were good, and the subsequent international Bridges to Babylon Tour proved the band to be a strong live attraction. Another live album was culled from the tour, No Security (UK number 67; U.S. number 34). In 1999, the Stones staged the No Security Tour in the U.S and the Babylon tour in Europe.

2000-2011

In 2002, the band announced the Licks Tour and released Forty Licks (UK number two; U.S. number two), a greatest hits album that also contained four new songs. On July 30, 2003, the band headlined the Molson Canadian Rocks for Toronto concert in Toronto, Canada, to help the city recover from the 2003 SARS epidemic. The concert was attended by an estimated 490,000 people.

Keith Richards in Hannover, 2006, during the A Bigger Bang Tour

On November 9, 2003, the band played its first concert in Hong Kong as part of the Harbor Fest celebration, also in support of the SARS-affected economy. In November 2003, it licensed the right to sell their new 4-DVD boxed set, Four Flicks, recorded on the band's most recent world tour, to the U.S. Best Buy chain. In response, some Canadian and U.S. music-retail chains (including HMV Canada and Circuit City) pulled Rolling Stones CDs and related merchandise from their shelves.

On July 26, 2005, Jagger's birthday, the band announced the name of their new album, A Bigger Bang (UK number two; U.S. number three), which was released on September 6 to strong reviews. The album included the most controversial song from the Stones in years, "Sweet Neo Con", a criticism of American Neoconservatism from Jagger. The subsequent A Bigger Bang Tour began in August and visited North America, South America, and East Asia.

In February 2006, the Stone played the half-time show of Super Bowl XL in Detroit, Michigan, although their performance received mixed reviews at best. Nevertheless, the end of 2005, the Bigger Bang tour set a record of $162 million in gross receipts, breaking the North American mark also set by the Stones in 1994. Later that month, the band played to a claimed 1.5 million on the Copacabana beach in Rio de Janeiro in a free concert. After performances in New Zealand, Keith Richards went into the hospital in May 2006 for brain surgery after a dubious "fall from a coconut tree" on Fiji, causing a six-week postponement of the European leg of the tour. The following month, it was reported that Ron Wood was entering rehabilitation for alcohol abuse.

The Stones returned to North America for concerts in September 2006 and Europe on June 5, 2007. In late October 2006, filmmaker Martin Scorsese filmed the Stones at New York City's Beacon Theater, featuring an audience that included several world leaders, for film titled Shine a Light (2008).

On March 24, 2007, the band announced a tour of Europe called the "Bigger Bang 2007" tour, which became the highest-grossing tour of all time, earning $437 million and a place in the Guinness World Records. June 12, 2007 saw the release of the Stones' second four-disc, DVD set entitled The Biggest Bang, featuring the band's shows in Austin, Rio de Janeiro, Saitama, Japan, Shanghai, and Buenos Aires, as well as extras. As with their first DVD set, the collection was to be sold exclusively through retailer Best Buy.

In October 2010, the Stones released Ladies and Gentlemen: The Rolling Stones to cinemas and later to DVD. A digitally remastered version of the film was shown in select cinemas across the United States. Although originally released to cinemas in 1974, it had never been available for home release apart from bootleg recordings. In October 2011, the Stones released The Rolling Stones: Some Girls Live In Texas '78 to cinemas. A digitally remastered version of the film was shown in select cinemas across the US. This live performance was recorded during one show in Ft. Worth, Texas in support of their 1978 US Tour and their album Some Girls. The film was released (on DVD/Blu-ray Disc) on 15 November 2011. On 21 November, the band reissued Some Girls as a 2-CD deluxe edition. The second CD included twelve previously unreleased tracks (except "So Young", which was a B-side to "Out of Tears") from the sessions with mostly newly recorded vocals by Jagger.

2012–2016

The Rolling Stones celebrated their 50th anniversary in the summer of 2012 by releasing the book The Rolling Stones: 50. A new take on the band's lip-and-tongue logo, designed by Shepard Fairey, was also revealed and used during the celebrations.

A new compilation album, GRRR!, was released on November 12. Available in four different formats, it included two new tracks, "Doom and Gloom" and "One More Shot," recorded at Studio Guillaume Tell in Paris, France, in the last few weeks of August 2012. The album went on to sell over two million copies worldwide.

In November 2012, the Stones began their 50 & Counting... tour at London's O2 Arena, where they were joined by Jeff Beck. At their second show in London, Eric Clapton and Florence Welch joined the group onstage. The third anniversary concert took place on December 8 at the Barclays Center, Brooklyn, New York. The last two dates were at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey, on December 13 and 15. Bruce Springsteen and blues rock band the Black Keys joined the band on the final night. They also played two songs at 12-12-12: The Concert for Sandy Relief.

The Stones played nineteen shows in the US in spring 2013, before returning to the UK. On June 29, the band performed at the 2013 Glastonbury Festival. They returned to Hyde Park in July, where they performed the same set list as their 1969 concert at the venue, though it was not free like the 1969 concert. Hyde Park Live was released exclusively as a digital download through iTunes later that month. A live DVD, Sweet Summer Sun: Live in Hyde Park, was released on November 11.

In 2014, the band embarked on their 14 On Fire tour spanning the Middle East, Asia, Australia, and Europe. It included there first ever performance in Israel.

The Rolling Stones perform on March 25, 2016 in Havana, Cuba

The Stones embarked on their Latin American tour in 2016. On March 25, the band played a bonus show, a free open-air concert in Havana, Cuba, which was attended by an estimated 500,000 concert-goers. In June of that year, they released Totally Stripped, an expanded and reconceived edition of Stripped, in multiple formats. The film Olé Olé Olé: A Trip Across Latin America, a documentary of their Latin America tour, was shown in cinemas on December 12 for one night only. Olé Olé Olé: A Trip Across Latin America came out on DVD and Blu-ray on May 26, 2017. The Stones performed at the Desert Trip festival held in Indio, California, playing two nights, 7 and 14 October, the same nights as Bob Dylan.

The band released Blue & Lonesome on December 2, 2016. The album consisted of 12 blues covers of artists like Howlin' Wolf, Jimmy Reed, and Little Walter. Recording took place in British Grove Studios, London, in December 2015, and featured Eric Clapton on two tracks. The album reached No. 1 in the UK, the second-highest opening sales week for an album that year. It also debuted at No. 4 on the Billboard 200.

2017–present

In May 2017, the No Filter Tour was announced, with fourteen shows in twelve different venues across Europe in September and October of the same year. It was later extended throughout July 2018, adding fourteen new dates across the UK and Europe, making it the band's first UK tour since 2006. Plans were made to bring the tour to the U.S. in 2019, however it was delayed first due to Jagger's surgery for a heart valve replacement, and then due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Rolling Stones—featuring Jagger, Richards, Watts, and Wood at their homes—were one of the headline acts on Global Citizen's One World: Together at Home on-line and on-screen concert on April 18, 2020, a global event featuring dozens of artists and comedians to support frontline healthcare workers and the World Health Organization during the COVID-19 pandemic. On April 23, the single "Living in a Ghost Town," a new song recorded in London and Los Angeles in 2019 and finished in isolation (part of the new material that the band were recording in the studio before the COVID-19 lockdown), was released. The song reached number one on the German Singles Chart, the first time the Stones had reached the top spot in 52 years, and making them the oldest artists ever to do so.

The band's 1973 album Goats Head Soup was reissued on September 4, 2020 and featured previously unreleased outtakes, such as "Criss Cross," which was released as a single and music video on July 9, 2020, "Scarlet," featuring Jimmy Page, and "All the Rage." On September 11, 2020, the album topped the UK Albums Chart and the Rolling Stones became the first band to top the chart across six different decades.

In August 2021, it was announced that Watts would undergo an unspecified medical procedure and would not perform on the remainder of the No Filter tour. Watts died on August 24, 2021, at the age of 80, in a London hospital with his family around him. The Rolling Stones showed pictures and videos of Watts at the beginning of each concert on rest of the No Filter Tour.

Legacy

Did you know?
The Rolling Stones are the longest lived rock and roll band in history

Besides their huge popularity and unprecedented longevity as a top rock and roll band, the Rolling Stones are notable in modern popular music for assimilating various musical genres into their recordings and performances, ultimately making a unique style of their own. The band's career is marked by a continual reference and reliance on musical styles like American blues, country, R & B, folk, reggae, and world music, as well as traditional English styles that use stringed instrumentation like violins and harps.

While the claim that they are history's "greatest rock and roll band" may be debated, they are certainly one of the most successful and longest-lived.

References
ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

  • Booth, Stanley. The True Adventures of the Rolling Stones. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2000. ISBN 1556524005
  • Booth, Stanley. Dance With the Devil: The Rolling Stones and Their Times. New York: Random House, 1984. ISBN 0394534883
  • Booth, Stanley, and Bob Gruen. Keith: Standing In the Shadows. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. ISBN 0312118414
  • Carr, Roy. The Rolling Stones: An Illustrated Record. New York: Harmony Books, 1976. ISBN 0517526417
  • Greenfield, Robert: S.T.P.: A Journey Through America With The Rolling Stones. Cambridge, MA: De Capo Press, 2002. ISBN 0306811995
  • Jagger, Mick, Keith Richards, Charlie Watts, and Ronnie Wood. The Rolling Stones 50. Hyperion, 2012. ISBN 978-1401324735
  • The Rolling Stones and Anthony DeCurtis. The Rolling Stones: Unzipped. Thames & Hudson, 2021. ISBN 978-0500023853

External links

All links retrieved April 30, 2023.

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