Difference between revisions of "Berlin International Film Festival" - New World Encyclopedia

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{{Infobox film or theatre festival
 
{{Infobox film or theatre festival
 
| name                  = Berlin International Film Festival
 
| name                  = Berlin International Film Festival
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| caption              =  Golden Bear (German: Goldener Bär), the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival
 
| caption              =  Golden Bear (German: Goldener Bär), the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival
 
| location              = [[Berlin]], Germany
 
| location              = [[Berlin]], Germany
| awards                = [[Golden Bear]], [[#Awards|Silver Bear]]
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| awards                = Golden Bear, Silver Bear
 
| founded              = 1951
 
| founded              = 1951
 
| last                  =  
 
| last                  =  
 
| number                =  
 
| number                =  
 
| artistic_director    = [[Carlo Chatrian]]
 
| artistic_director    = [[Carlo Chatrian]]
| website                = [https://www.berlinale.de/en/home.html Berlin International Film Festival]
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| website                = [https://www.berlinale.de/en/home.html Berlin International Film Festival (''Berlinale'')]
 
| chronology    =  
 
| chronology    =  
 
| preceded_by    =  
 
| preceded_by    =  
 
| followed_by    =
 
| followed_by    =
 
}}
 
}}
The '''Berlin International Film Festival''' ({{lang-de|Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin}}), usually called the '''Berlinale''' ({{IPA-de|bɛʁliˈnaːlə|-|De-Berlinale2.ogg}}), is a [[film festival]] held annually in [[Berlin]], Germany. Founded in 1951 and originally run in June, the festival has been held every February since 1978 and is one of the "[[Film festival#Notable festivals|Big Three]]" alongside the [[Venice Film Festival]] in Italy and the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in France.  
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The '''Berlin International Film Festival''' ({{lang-de|Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin}}), usually called the '''Berlinale''', is a [[film festival]] held annually in [[Berlin]], Germany. Founded in 1951 and originally run in June, since 1978 the festival has been held every February. It is considered one of the most important film festivals in the world, alongside the [[Venice Film Festival]] in [[Italy]] and the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in [[France]].  
 
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{{toc}}
With tens of thousands if visitors attending each year, it is one of the largest film festivals in the world. About 400 films are shown in several sections across cinematic genres. Around twenty films compete for the festival's top awards, called the [[Golden Bear]] and several [[#Awards|Silver Bears]].
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The festival began at the beginning of the [[Cold War]], in the city of Berlin divided after [[World War II]]. Over the years it developed from a “showcase of the free world” into a place of intercultural exchange for the whole world. Supporting innovation in all aspects of film making, the festival ranges from classic narrative forms to contemporary aesthetically and structurally daring works from contemporary filmmakers, including up and coming youngsters inspired to create works that reflect their unique cultural background. While there is an important element of competition, as film makers seek to win the coveted Golden Bear award, the festival functions primarily as a celebration of the art of film for the public as well as those involved in the business of film making. It provides a forum for the exchange of ideas and technical developments and thus contributes to the creation of films that entertain, inspire, and educate regarding current social issues.  
  
 
==History==
 
==History==
 
[[File:delphiberlin.jpg|300px|Delphi Filmpalast|thumb]]
 
[[File:delphiberlin.jpg|300px|Delphi Filmpalast|thumb]]
the festival has been held every February since 1978 and is one of the "[[Film festival#Notable festivals|Big Three]]" alongside the [[Venice Film Festival]] in Italy and the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in France.<ref>Marijke de Valck, Brendan Kredell, and Skadi Loist (eds.), ''Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice'' (Routledge, 2016, ISBN 978-0415712477).</ref>
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The festival has been held every February since 1978 and is now considered one of the "Big Three" festivals in Europe, alongside the [[Venice Film Festival]] in Italy and the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in France.<ref>Marijke de Valck, Brendan Kredell, and Skadi Loist (eds.), ''Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice'' (Routledge, 2016, ISBN 978-0415712477).</ref> With tens of thousands if visitors attending each year, it is one of the largest film festivals in the world. About 400 films are shown in several sections across cinematic genres. Around twenty films compete for the festival's top awards, the Golden Bear and several Silver Bears.
  
 
===First festival===
 
===First festival===
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In June 2018, it was announced that Mariette Rissenbeek would serve as the new executive director alongside artistic director Carlo Chatrian. They assumed their posts after Kosslick's final edition in 2019. Rissenbeek became the first woman to lead the Berlinale.<ref>Leo Barraclough, [https://variety.com/2018/film/global/mariette-rissenbeek-carlo-chatrian-berlin-film-festival-1202854427/ Mariette Rissenbeek, Carlo Chatrian to Become Co-Chiefs of Berlin Film Festival] ''Variety'', June 22, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2022.</ref><ref>Matt Mueller, [https://www.screendaily.com/news/berlin-new-co-chief-mariette-rissenbeek-on-her-appointment-and-future-plans/5131339.article Berlin Film Festival's new co-chief Mariette Rissenbeek on her appointment and future plans] ''Screen Daily'', August 2, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2022.</ref>
 
In June 2018, it was announced that Mariette Rissenbeek would serve as the new executive director alongside artistic director Carlo Chatrian. They assumed their posts after Kosslick's final edition in 2019. Rissenbeek became the first woman to lead the Berlinale.<ref>Leo Barraclough, [https://variety.com/2018/film/global/mariette-rissenbeek-carlo-chatrian-berlin-film-festival-1202854427/ Mariette Rissenbeek, Carlo Chatrian to Become Co-Chiefs of Berlin Film Festival] ''Variety'', June 22, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2022.</ref><ref>Matt Mueller, [https://www.screendaily.com/news/berlin-new-co-chief-mariette-rissenbeek-on-her-appointment-and-future-plans/5131339.article Berlin Film Festival's new co-chief Mariette Rissenbeek on her appointment and future plans] ''Screen Daily'', August 2, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2022.</ref>
  
A shortened 71st festival took place virtually in March 2021, due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. An open air summer event was planned as well.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive-selection/archive-2021/news-2021/news-detail-2021_58376.html Berlinale 2021 Will Be a Festival in Two Stages: Industry Online Offer in March / Public Event in June] ''Berlinale'', December 18, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2022.</ref>
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A shortened 71st festival took place virtually in March 2021, due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. An open air summer event took place as well in June.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive-selection/archive-2021/news-2021/news-detail-2021_58376.html Berlinale 2021 Will Be a Festival in Two Stages: Industry Online Offer in March / Public Event in June] ''Berlinale'', December 18, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2022.</ref><ref>Berlinale Goes Open Air ''Berlinale''.</ref>
  
== Festival programme ==
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== Festival program ==
 
[[File:Berlinalepress.jpg|400px|Conference after a screening|thumb]]
 
[[File:Berlinalepress.jpg|400px|Conference after a screening|thumb]]
 
The festival is currently composed of nine different sections:<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/all-sections.html Sections & Special Presentations] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
The festival is currently composed of nine different sections:<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/all-sections.html Sections & Special Presentations] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
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* '''Competition''': The centerpiece of the Berlinale, feature-length films yet to be released outside their country of origin compete for several prizes, including the top Golden Bear for the best film and a series of Silver Bears for acting, writing, and production.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/competition.html Competition] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
* '''Competition''': The centerpiece of the Berlinale, feature-length films yet to be released outside their country of origin compete for several prizes, including the top Golden Bear for the best film and a series of Silver Bears for acting, writing, and production.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/competition.html Competition] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
* '''Berlinale Special''': A diverse selection of films, events and people, and '''Berlinale Series''' for television series.<ref name=specialseries/>
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* '''Berlinale Special''': A diverse selection of films, events, and people, and '''Berlinale Series''' for television series.<ref name=specialseries/>
  
 
* '''Encounters''': Established in 2020 to foster "daring works" when ''Culinary Cinema'' was dropped.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/encounters.html Encounters] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
* '''Encounters''': Established in 2020 to foster "daring works" when ''Culinary Cinema'' was dropped.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/encounters.html Encounters] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
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* '''Forum & Forum Expanded''': Reflections on the medium of film; a selection of around 40 films, independently curated and organized by Institut für Film und Videokunst (Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art) as part of the Berlinale, since 1971.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/forum-and-forum-expanded.html Forum & Forum Expanded] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
* '''Forum & Forum Expanded''': Reflections on the medium of film; a selection of around 40 films, independently curated and organized by Institut für Film und Videokunst (Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art) as part of the Berlinale, since 1971.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/forum-and-forum-expanded.html Forum & Forum Expanded] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
* '''Generation''': Comprising Generation Kplus and Generation 14plus, two competition programs screening international cinema exploring the worlds of children and teenagers; started in 1978 with a selection "Cinema for People Six and up"; then Kinderfilmfest ("Children’s Film Festival"); expanded to include the 14plus competition in 2004; renamed Generation in 2007, with the two sections.<ref>https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/generation.html Generation] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
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* '''Generation''': Comprising Generation Kplus and Generation 14plus, two competition programs screening international cinema exploring the worlds of children and teenagers; started in 1978 with a selection "Cinema for People Six and up"; then Kinderfilmfest ("Children’s Film Festival"); expanded to include the 14plus competition in 2004; renamed Generation in 2007, with the two sections.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/generation.html Generation] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
 
* '''Perspektive Deutsches Kino''': Perspectives on German Cinema, created in 2002 by incoming director [[Dieter Kosslick]] with Alfred Holighaus<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/perspektive-deutsches-kino.html Perspektive Deutsches Kino] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
* '''Perspektive Deutsches Kino''': Perspectives on German Cinema, created in 2002 by incoming director [[Dieter Kosslick]] with Alfred Holighaus<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/sections/perspektive-deutsches-kino.html Perspektive Deutsches Kino] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
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== Awards ==
 
== Awards ==
The winners of the first Berlin International Film Festival in 1951 were determined by a West German panel, with five winners of the Golden Bear, divided by categories and genres.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1951/04_jury_1951/04_Jury_1951.html|title = Juries 1951}}</ref>
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The [[Golden Bear]] ({{lang|de|Goldener Bär}}) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival. In its first year in 1951 there were five winners of the Golden Bear, divided by categories and genres, awarded by a German jury.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1951/03_preistraeger_1951/03_preistraeger_1951.html Prizes & Honours 1951] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>  
  
The [[Golden Bear]] ({{lang|de|Goldener Bär}}) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival. In its first year in 1951, it was awarded to the best film in each of five categories by a jury. From 1952 to 1955 the winners were determined by audience vote, and thereafter by a jury.<ref name=juries/> A Silver Bear ({{lang|de|Silberner Bär}}) and a Bronze Berlin Bear, determined by audience vote, were awarded from 1952 to 1955.<ref>{{cite web | title=Prizes & Honours 1952 | website=Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1952/03_preistraeger_1952/03_preistraeger_1952.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Prizes & Honours 1955 | website=Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1955/03_preistraeger_1955/03_preistraeger_1955.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
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From 1952 to 1955 the Golden and Silver Bears ({{lang|de|Silberner Bär}}) were awarded by audience voting, as the [[FIAPF]] had determined after the first festival that only [[Cannes Film Festival|Cannes]] and [[Venice Film Festival]]s were allowed to appoint official juries.<ref name=juries>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1953/04_jury_1953/04_jury_1953.html Juries 1953] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref> In 1956, the [[FIAPF|Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Films]] formally accredited the festival, and since then, the Golden Bear and various Silver Bears have been awarded by an international jury.<ref name=jury/>
  
 
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A Bronze Berlin Bear, determined by audience vote, was also awarded from 1952 to 1955.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1952/03_preistraeger_1952/03_preistraeger_1952.html Prizes & Honours 1952] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>  
From 1952 to 1955 the Golden and Silver Bears were awarded by audience voting, as the [[FIAPF]] had determined after the first festival that only [[Cannes Film Festival|Cannes]] and [[Venice Film Festival]]s were allowed to appoint official juries.<ref name=juries>{{cite web | title=Juries 1953 | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1953/04_jury_1953/04_jury_1953.html | access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=June 12 - 25, 1952 | website= Berlinale| url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1952/01_jahresblatt_1952/01_jahresblatt_1952.html | access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
Between 1952 and 1955, the winners of the Golden Bear were determined by the audience members. In 1956, the [[FIAPF|Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Films]] formally accredited the festival, and since then, the Golden Bear has been awarded by an international jury.<ref name=jury/>
 
  
 
===International jury prizes===
 
===International jury prizes===
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[[File:Golden Bear, Berlin film frestival 340387674 5ec4f68a7d.jpg|thumb|300px|A Golden Bear statue]]
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Since 1956, the main prizes in the festival, which today include the [[Golden Bear]] and various Silver Bears, are those awarded by the international jury.<ref name=intjury/>
  
Since 1956, the jury of the Festival has been chaired by an internationally recognized personality of cinema.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1956/04_jury_1956/04_Jury_1956.html|title=Juries 1956|access-date=18 October 2019|archive-date=18 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418172401/https://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1956/04_jury_1956/04_Jury_1956.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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The statuettes awarded as trophies are based on the ''Bär'' first created by sculptor [[Renée Sintenis]] (1888–1965) in 1932. The bear, based on the [[coat of arms of Berlin]] and depicting a bear standing on its hind legs with its arms raised, became popular in the 1930s, bringing wealth to Sintenis. Since the 3rd Festival in 1953, replicas of the bear have been produced by the [[Noack Foundry]].<ref> Emmanuelle François, [https://www.exberliner.com/politics/renee-sintenis/ The woman behind the Bär] ''Exberliner'', March 2, 2018. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref><ref name=camera>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/berlinale-camera.html Berlinale Camera] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
 
The main prizes in the festival are those awarded by the international jury since 1956, which today include the [[Golden Bear]] and various Silver Bears.<ref name=intjury/> In 1956, apart from the Golden Bear, there were also Silver Bears awarded by the new international feature film jury for best director, best actress, best actor, best outstanding single achievement, outstanding artistic contribution, and an Silver Bear International Prize.<ref>{{cite web | title=Prizes & Honours 1956 | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1956/03_preistraeger_1956/03_preistraeger_1956.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The statuettes awarded as trophies are based on the ''Bär'' first created by sculptor [[Renée Sintenis]] (1888–1965) in 1932. The bear, based on the [[coat of arms of Berlin]] and depicting a bear standing on its hind legs with its arms raised, became popular in the 1930s, bringing wealth to Sintenis. Since the [[3rd Berlin International Film Festival|3rd edition of the festival]] in 1953, replicas of the bear have been produced by the [[Noack Foundry]].<ref>{{cite web | last=François | first=Emmanuelle | title=The woman behind the Bär | website=Exberliner | date=2 March 2018 | url=https://www.exberliner.com/politics/renee-sintenis/ | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=camera>{{cite web | title=Berlinale Camera | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/berlinale-camera.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
  
 
;Golden Bear
 
;Golden Bear
[[File:Golden Bear, Berlin film frestival 340387674 5ec4f68a7d.jpg|thumb|300px|A Golden Bear statue]]
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The '''Golden Bear''' ({{lang-de|'''Goldener Bär'''}}) is the highest prize awarded to the [[film producer|producers]] of the best [[feature film]].<ref name=intjury>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/international-jury.html Prizes of the International Jury] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref>
The Golden Bear for Best Film is awarded to the [[film producer|producers]] of the best [[feature film]].<ref name=intjury>{{cite web | title=Prizes of the International Jury | website=Berlinale | date=16 February 2022 | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/international-jury.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
The '''Golden Bear''' ({{lang-de|'''Goldener Bär'''}}) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the [[Berlin International Film Festival]]. The bear is the heraldic animal of Berlin, featured on both the [[Coat of arms of Berlin|coat of arms]] and [[flag of Berlin]].
 
 
 
 
 
The statuette shows a [[bear]] standing on its hind legs and is based on the 1932 design by German sculptor [[Renée Sintenis]] of Berlin's [[coat of arms of Berlin|heraldic mascot]] that later became the symbol of the festival. It has been manufactured since either the first<ref name=facts>{{cite web|url=https://www.deutschland.de/en/topic/culture/berlinale-2020-ten-fascinating-facts|title=Eventful Berlinale|date=February 19, 2020|website=deutschland.de|access-date=April 9, 2020}}</ref> or third<ref>{{cite web | last=François | first=Emmanuelle | title=The woman behind the Bär | website=Exberliner | date=2 March 2018 | url=https://www.exberliner.com/politics/renee-sintenis/ | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref> edition by art foundry [[Hermann Noack]].<ref name=statuette>{{cite news|date=January 11, 2019|title=German Film Festival bear awards based on 1939 design previewed in Berlin|url=https://www.efe.com/efe/english/varios/german-film-festival-bear-awards-based-on-1939-design-previewed-in-berlin/50000269-3864416|work=[[EFE]]|location=[[Berlin]]|access-date=April 9, 2019|url-status=unfit}}</ref>
 
 
 
It original award was redesigned in a larger version in 1960,<ref name=cicero>{{cite web|title=Große kleine Tiere| url=https://www.cicero.de/kultur/berlinale-baer-renee-sintenis-grosse-kleine-tiere/48275|work=[[Cicero (magazine)|Cicero]]|language=de|access-date=April 9, 2019}}</ref> with the left arm of the bear was raised as opposed to the right in the former model.<ref name=prestige>{{cite book|last=English|first=James F.| date=2008 |title=The Economy of Prestige: prizes, awards, and the circulation of cultural value|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vY3UOFDA2sAC&q=Goldener+B%C3%A4r+Renee+Sintenis+1960&pg=PA167|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts|publisher=Harvard University Press|pages=167–168|isbn=978-0-674-03043-5}}</ref>
 
 
 
The bear is {{convert|20|cm}} high and is fixed onto a base where the winning name is engraved.<ref name=Berlinale>{{cite news|last=Günther|first=Ulrich|date=February 19, 2010|title=Berlinale Cineasten blicken auf den Bären|url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/berlinale-2010/berlinale-cineasten-blicken-auf-den-baeren-1942246.html|work=[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]]|language=de|access-date=April 9, 2019}}</ref> The figurine consists of a bronze core, which is then plated with a layer of gold. The total weight of the award is {{convert|4|kg}}.<ref name=weigh>{{cite web|date=February 8, 2010|title=In pictures| url=https://www.novinite.com/inpictures/2652/Three+golden+%27Berlinale%27+bears+seen+at+Noack+casting+company+in+Berlin%2C+Germany%2C+08+February+2010.+Every+bear+weighs+some+four+kilograms+and+consists+of+a+bronze+core%2C+which+is+then+either+plated+with|work=[[Novinite]]| access-date=April 9, 2019}}</ref>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
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The statuette shows a [[bear]] standing on its hind legs and is based on the 1932 design by German sculptor [[Renée Sintenis]] of Berlin's [[coat of arms of Berlin|heraldic mascot]] that later became the symbol of the festival. The original award was redesigned in 1960.<ref>James F. English, ''The Economy of Prestige: Prizes, Awards, and the Circulation of Cultural Value'' (Harvard University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0674030435).</ref>
  
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The bear is {{convert|20|cm}} high and is fixed onto a base where the winning name is engraved. The figurine consists of a bronze core, which is then plated with a layer of gold. The total weight of the award is {{convert|4|kg}}.<ref name=InPictures>[https://www.novinite.com/inpictures/2652/Three+golden+%27Berlinale%27+bears+seen+at+Noack+casting+company+in+Berlin%2C+Germany%2C+08+February+2010.+Every+bear+weighs+some+four+kilograms+and+consists+of+a+bronze+core%2C+which+is+then+either+plated+with In pictures] ''Novinite'', February 8, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
 
;Silver Bear
 
;Silver Bear
 
[[File:Silverbjörnen - Filmfestivalen i Berlin.jpg|thumb|300px|The Silver Bear statue]]
 
[[File:Silverbjörnen - Filmfestivalen i Berlin.jpg|thumb|300px|The Silver Bear statue]]
The categories of Silver Bear awards are:<ref name=intjury/>
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The Silver Bear statuette is cast the same as the Golden Bear, but plated in silver instead of gold.<ref name=InPictures/> The categories of Silver Bear awards are:<ref name=intjury/>
 
* [[Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize]]  
 
* [[Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize]]  
 
* [[Silver Bear Jury Prize]]  
 
* [[Silver Bear Jury Prize]]  
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===Other Berlinale awards===
 
===Other Berlinale awards===
The  [[Honorary Golden Bear]] has been awarded for lifetime achievement since 1982, when it was awarded to [[James Stewart]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Prizes & Honours 1982 | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1982/03_preistraeger_1982/03_preistraeger_1982.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Honorary Golden Bear|url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/das_festival/preise_und_juries/goldener_ehrenb_r/index.html|publisher=Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin|access-date=10 December 2017|archive-date=9 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909190210/https://www.berlinale.de/en/das_festival/preise_und_juries/goldener_ehrenb_r/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> It is presented to someone with an exceptional artistic career, and is given to the guest of honour of the Homage section<ref>{{cite web | title=The Honorary Golden Bear | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/honorary-golden-bear.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref> which has been run since 1977 by the  Berlinale and the [[Deutsche Kinemathek – Museum für Film und Fernsehen]].<ref name=homage/>
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The  [[Honorary Golden Bear]] has been awarded for lifetime achievement since 1982, when it was awarded to [[James Stewart]].<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/1982/03_preistraeger_1982/03_preistraeger_1982.html Prizes & Honours 1982] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref> It is presented to someone with an exceptional artistic career, and is given to the guest of honor of the Homage section<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/honorary-golden-bear.html The Honorary Golden Bear] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref> which has been run since 1977 by the  Berlinale and the [[Deutsche Kinemathek – Museum für Film und Fernsehen]].<ref name=homage/>
  
Awards for [[short film]]s are awarded by a separate international short film jury consisting of three filmmakers and artists. {{as of|2022}} the short film award are:<ref>{{cite web | title=Prizes of the International Short Film Jury | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/international-short-film-jury.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
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Awards for [[short film]]s are awarded by a separate international short film jury consisting of three filmmakers and artists. The short film award are:<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/international-short-film-jury.html Prizes of the International Short Film Jury] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref>
 
* [[Short Film Golden Bear|Golden Bear for Best Short Film]] (since 1956)
 
* [[Short Film Golden Bear|Golden Bear for Best Short Film]] (since 1956)
 
* Silver Bear Jury Prize (Short Film)
 
* Silver Bear Jury Prize (Short Film)
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There are also awards given by separate juries or via other routes at the Berlinale. These include:
 
There are also awards given by separate juries or via other routes at the Berlinale. These include:
* The Berlinale Camera has been awarded since 1986, with the trophy modelled on a real camera, made with 128 parts, some movable. It is awarded to "personalities and institutions that have made a unique contribution to film", as a way for the festival to express its thanks to friends and supporters of the festival. Past winners include [[Isabella Rossellini]], [[Michael Ballhaus]], [[Claude Chabrol]], [[Jodie Foster]], [[Otto Sander]], [[Karlheinz Böhm]], [[Clint Eastwood]], [[Gina Lollobrigida]], [[Sydney Pollack]], and [[Curt Siodmak]].<ref name=camera/>
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* The '''Berlinale Camera''' has been awarded since 1986, with the trophy modeled on a real camera, made with 128 parts, some movable. It is awarded to "personalities and institutions that have made a unique contribution to film," as a way for the festival to express its thanks to friends and supporters of the festival. Past winners include [[Isabella Rossellini]], [[Michael Ballhaus]], [[Claude Chabrol]], [[Jodie Foster]], [[Otto Sander]], [[Karlheinz Böhm]], [[Clint Eastwood]], [[Gina Lollobrigida]], [[Sydney Pollack]], and [[Curt Siodmak]].<ref name=camera/>
 
 
*Crystal Bears (''Gläserner Bär''), Grand Prix and special prizes are awarded in the Generation section (grouped separately into Generation Kplus and Generation 14plus)<ref>{{cite web | title=Awards and Juries in the Generation section | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/awards-generation.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
*GWFF Best First Feature Award (since 2006), worth 50,000 Euros, is funded by Gesellschaft zur Wahrnehmung von Film- und Fernsehrechten.<ref>{{cite web | title=GWFF Best First Feature Award | website= Berlinale| url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/best-first-feature-award.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
* Three prizes are awarded in the Encounters section (since 2020).<ref>{{cite web | title=Awards in the Encounters section | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/awards-encounters.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
*Berlinale Documentary Award (since 2017), worth 40,000 Euros, sponsored by public broadcaster [[Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg]] (rbb), with entries from the Competition, Encounters, Panorama, Forum, Generation, Berlinale Special and Perspektive Deutsches Kino sections.<ref>{{cite web | title=Berlinale Documentary Award | website=Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/berlinale-documentary-award.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
* Panorama Audience Award, established in 1999<ref name=others>{{cite web | title=Further Prizes | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/further-prizes.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
* Compass-Perspektive-Award, for the best film in the current Perspektive Deutsches Kino program<ref name=others/>
 
 
 
* Readers' awards, one each by ''[[Berliner Morgenpost]]'' and ''[[Tasspiegel]]'', and the Teddy Readers' Award<ref name=others/>
 
  
* Several development awards<ref name=others/>
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*'''Crystal Bears''' (''Gläserner Bär''), Grand Prix, and special prizes are awarded in the Generation section (grouped separately into Generation Kplus and Generation 14plus)<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/awards-generation.html Awards and Juries in the Generation section] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref>
  
 
===Independent awards===
 
===Independent awards===
The [[Shooting Stars Award]] for young European acting talent is independently awarded by [[European Film Promotion]] at Berlinale Palast.<ref>{{cite web | title=European Shooting Stars | website=European Film Promotion | date=13 January 2022 | url=https://www.efp-online.com/en/project_talent_promotion/shooting_stars_2022.php | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
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There are also many other prizes given by independent juries (not connected to the Berlinale) at the event. For example, the [[Shooting Stars Award]] for young European acting talent is independently awarded by [[European Film Promotion]] at Berlinale Palast.<ref>European Shooting Stars ''European Film Promotion'', January 13, 2022.</ref>
 
 
There are also many other prizes given by independent juries (not connected to the Berlinale) at the event. These include, among others:
 
* [[FIPRESCI]] awards for best film in each of the Competition, Encounters, Panorama and Forum sections<ref name=others/>
 
* [[Teddy Award]]s, for films with LGBT topics<ref name=others/>
 
* [[Prize of the Ecumenical Jury]], since 1992<ref name=others/>
 
* [[Amnesty International]] Film Award, since 2005<ref name=others/>
 
* Peace Film Prize<ref name=others/>
 
  
===Former awards===
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Many other awards are also given, including juries of the international film critics association “Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique” (FIPRESCI), the Ecumenical Jury which represents the international film organizations of the Protestant and Catholic Churches, INTERFILM and SIGNIS, the International Confederation of Art House Cinemas, "Confédération Internationale des Cinémas d’Art et d’Essai" (C.I.C.A.E.), the independent Peace Film Prize, and many others.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/festival/awards-and-juries/further-prizes.html Further Prizes] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
* [[Silver Bear for Best Actor]] (1956–2020) (replaced by Best Leading and Supporting Performance)
 
* [[Silver Bear for Best Actress]] (1956–2020) (replaced by Best Leading and Supporting Performance)
 
* Silver Bear for Outstanding Single Achievement (1956–2005, occasional)<ref>{{cite web | title=Archive search [single achievement] | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/archivsuche/stichwortsuche-archiv.html?query=outstanding+single+achievement&options%5B%5D=Prize+Winners&page=1 | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
* Silver Bear for Special Artistic Achievement (1956–2007, occasional) (replaced by Silver Bear for Outstanding Artistic Contribution)<ref>{{cite web | title=Archive search [artistic achievement]| website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/archivsuche/stichwortsuche-archiv.html?query=outstanding+artistic+achievement&options%5B%5D=Prize+Winners&page=1 | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
* Silver Bear for Film Music (2002–2007)<ref>{{cite web | title=Archive search [film music]| website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/archivsuche/stichwortsuche-archiv.html?query=film+music&options%5B%5D=Prize+Winners | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
* [[Alfred Bauer Prize]] (1987-2020) (replaced by Silver Bear Jury Prize, after it came to light that the role played by Berlinale founding director Alfred Bauer in the Reichsfilmintendanz (Reich Film Office) during Nazi times was more substantial than had previously been realised, and had been covered up by Bauer after the war)<ref>{{cite web | title=The Alfred Bauer case | website= Berlinale| url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive-selection/alfred-bauer.html | access-date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
 
*[[Cinema Fairbindet]], an award given by Germany's [[Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development]] (BMZ) at the festival between 2011 and 2014<ref>{{cite web | title=New in distribution – Road show "Cinema fairbindet" | website=Arsenal – Institut für Film und Videokunst e.V. | url=https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/en/cinema/programm-archive/2011/film-series/new-in-distribution-road-show-cinema-fairbindet/ | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Concerning Violence | website=Louverture Films | url=https://www.louverturefilms.com/films-concerning-violence | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
 
  
 
==Venues==
 
==Venues==
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[[File:Friedrichstadtpalast at night 01.jpg|400px|Friedrichstadtpalast|thumb]]
 
[[File:Friedrichstadtpalast at night 01.jpg|400px|Friedrichstadtpalast|thumb]]
 
[[File:Internationalkma.jpg|400px|[[Kino International]]|thumb]]
 
[[File:Internationalkma.jpg|400px|[[Kino International]]|thumb]]
The Theater am [[Potsdamer Platz]], a [[musical theatre|theatre for musicals]] which is known as the '''Berlinale Palast''' during the festival, is the venue for the premieres of Competition film and several Special Gala films, as well as the opening and awards ceremonies.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Berlinale Palast | website =Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=berlinale-palast | access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref>
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The Theater am [[Potsdamer Platz]], a [[musical theatre|theatre for musicals]] which is known as the '''Berlinale Palast''' during the festival, is the venue for the premieres of Competition film and several Special Gala films, as well as the opening and awards ceremonies.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=berlinale-palast Festival Map: Berlinale Palast] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
The [[CinemaxX Potsdamer Platz]], which has 19 screens, has been the main Berlinale screening cinema since 2000, two years after its opening in 1998.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: CinemaxX Potsdamer Platz| website =Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=cinemaxx-am-potsdamer-platz | access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref>
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The [[CinemaxX Potsdamer Platz]], which has 19 screens, has been the main Berlinale screening cinema since 2000, two years after its opening in 1998.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=cinemaxx-am-potsdamer-platz Festival Map: CinemaxX Potsdamer Platz] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
Other venues for the festival include or have included the following:<ref name=venues2022/>
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Other venues for the festival include or have included the following:<ref name=venues2022>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues Festival Map] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
* The first festival was screened at the '''Titiana-Palast''' in [[Steglitz]], as well as the open-air cinema at [[Waldbühne]], in June 1951.<ref name=beginnings/><ref name="Oscar Martay"/><ref>{{cite web | title=Waldbühne open-air stage | website=visitBerlin.de | url=https://www.visitberlin.de/en/waldbuhne-open-air-stage | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref> The Titiana Palast building, dating from 1926, still bears this name on a sign outside, but {{as of|2022|lc=yes}} is known as the '''Cineplex Titania'''. It was renovated in 2014, creating seven cinemas with over 1,200 seats, along with [[Dolby Surround 7.1|7.1 Dolby Digital]] sound technology.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Cineplex Titania | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues&loc=titania | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Du bist mein Kino! | website=cineplex.de  | url=https://www.cineplex.de/berlin-titania/ | language=de | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
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* The first festival was screened at the '''Titiana-Palast''' in [[Steglitz]], as well as the open-air cinema at [[Waldbühne]], in June 1951.<ref name=VarietyBeginning/><ref>[https://www.visitberlin.de/en/waldbuhne-open-air-stage Waldbühne open-air stage] ''Visit Berlin''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref> The Titiana Palast building, dating from 1926, still bears this name on a sign outside, but is now known as the '''Cineplex Titania'''. It was renovated in 2014, creating seven cinemas with over 1,200 seats, along with [[Dolby Surround 7.1|7.1 Dolby Digital]] sound technology.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues&loc=titania Festival Map: Cineplex Titania] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
* The historic '''Delphi Filmpalast am Zoo''' (aka the Delphi; built on the site of an old [[dance hall]], was opened in 1949 by Walter Jonigkeit.<ref name=delphi>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Delphi Filmpalast | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=delphi-filmpalast | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Delphi – Filmpalast am Zoo | website=visitBerlin.de | url=https://www.visitberlin.de/en/delphi-filmpalast-am-zoo | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref> It is located near the [[Berlin Zoologischer Garten]] and has been used for the festival almost since its inception. Since 1981 it has been one of the main venues for the Forum programme, maintaining its old style as a [[picture palace]].<ref name=delphi/> In 2015 the stalls seating was replaced, reducing the number of seats by 114 and improving spacing and comfort.<ref>{{cite web | last=Kohzer | first=Benjamin | last2=Kitter | first2=Christian | title=Delphi Filmpalast am Zoo Berlin | website=Kinokompendium | url=https://www.kinokompendium.de/delphi_filmpalast_am_zoo_kino_berlin.htm | language=de | access-date=20 September 2022}}</ref> Seating an audience of up to 673 people, it is one of Germany’s biggest independent screens. In February 2022, ready for the 72nd edition of the festival, a state-of-the-art [[Christie (company)|Christie]] CP4440-RGB [[laser projector|laser cinema projector]] was installed.<ref>{{cite web | title=Delphi Filmpalast Berlin Invests in Christie RGB Pure Laser Projection | website=Celluloid Junkie | date=9 February 2022 | url=https://celluloidjunkie.com/wire/delphi-filmpalast-berlin-invests-in-christie-rgb-pure-laser-projection/ | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref>
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* The historic '''Delphi Filmpalast am Zoo''' (aka the Delphi; built on the site of an old [[dance hall]], was opened in 1949 by Walter Jonigkeit. It is located near the [[Berlin Zoologischer Garten]] and has been used for the festival almost since its inception. Since 1981 it has been one of the main venues for the Forum program, maintaining its old style as a [[picture palace]]. Following renovation in 2014, it seats an audience of up to 768 people and is one of Germany’s biggest independent screens. <ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=delphi-filmpalast Festival Map: Delphi Filmpalast] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>  
  
* The '''Zoo Palast''' was built in 1957 to designs by cinema architect {{ill|Gerhard Fritsche|de}}, and opened with the film ''[[Die Zürcher Verlobung]]'', starring [[Liselotte Pulver]], who also cut the ribbon in the opening ceremony.<ref name=zookom>{{cite web | last=Kohzer | first=Benjamin | last2=Kitter | first2=Christian | title=Zoo Palast Kino Berlin | website=Kinokompendium | url=https://www.kinokompendium.de/zoo_palast_kino_berlin.htm | language=de | access-date=20 September 2022}}</ref> It was purpose-built for the festival. It remained the home of the festival Until 1999, and was the venue for films premeiering in competition. It closed from 2011 until late 2013 for a complete interior reconsruction and renovation, opening in time for the 2014 festival with seven cinemas and offering a total of 1,650 seats, and space for 791 in the main auditorium.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Zoo Palast | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=zoo-palast | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref> The renovations were designed by architect Anna Maske. Liselotte Pulver again reopened the cinema after renovations in 1994 and 2013.<ref name=zookom/>
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* The '''Zoo Palast''' was purpose-built for the festival in 1957 based on designs by cinema architect Gerhard Fritsche, and opened with the film ''[[Die Zürcher Verlobung]]'', starring [[Liselotte Pulver]], who also cut the ribbon in the opening ceremony.<ref>[https://www.kinokompendium.de/zoo_palast_kino_berlin.htm Zoo Palast Kino Berlin] ''Kinokompendium''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref> It remained the home of the festival until 1999, and was the venue for films premiering in competition. It closed from 2011 until late 2013 for a complete interior reconstruction and renovation, opening in time for the 2014 festival with seven cinemas and offering a total of 1,650 seats, and space for 791 in the main auditorium.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=zoo-palast Festival Map: Zoo Palast] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
*The exhibition space and screening hall of the [[Academy of Arts, Berlin|Academy of Arts]] (Akademie der Künste) in the  [[Tiergarten (Berlin)|Tiergarten]] district was used as a venue before the Berlinale moved its main activities to Potsdamer Platz in 2000. It was briefly a venue for the for the Forum program from 2015, and once again took on duties as screening venue after the closure of the [[Sony Center]] at the end of 2019.<ref name="Blaney 2020">{{cite web | last=Blaney | first=Martin | title=Berlinale 2020 adds screening venues in the wake of closures | website=Screen | date=9 January 2020 | url=https://www.screendaily.com/news/berlinale-2020-adds-screening-venues-in-the-wake-of-closures/5146059.article | access-date=21 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Akademie der Künste (Hanseatenweg)| website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues&loc=akademie-der-kuenste | access-date=21 September 2022}}</ref>
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*The exhibition space and screening hall of the [[Academy of Arts, Berlin|Academy of Arts]] (Akademie der Künste) in the  [[Tiergarten (Berlin)|Tiergarten]] district was used as a venue before the Berlinale moved its main activities to Potsdamer Platz in 2000. It was briefly a venue for the for the Forum program from 2015, and once again took on duties as screening venue after the closure of the [[Sony Center]] at the end of 2019.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues&loc=akademie-der-kuenste Festival Map: Akademie der Künste (Hanseatenweg)] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2002.</ref>
  
*The eight-screen [[CineStar]] Sony Center,<ref name=venues2011/> and later the adjoining CineStar IMAX,<ref name=venues2017/> both located in the [[Sony Center]] at Potsdamer Platz, were venues until the closure of the Sony Center at the end of 2019.<ref name="Blaney 2020"/>
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* In 2007, the CineStar CUBIX [[multiplex (movie theater)|multiplex]] cinema ([[Cubix am Alexanderplatz]], which opened in November 2000, started screening films for the festival on three of its screens, and from 2020, after the closure of the Sony Center, using all nine screens.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=cubix Festival Map: CUBIX] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
* In 2007, the CineStar CUBIX [[multiplex (movie theater)|multiplex]] cinema ([[Cubix am Alexanderplatz]],<ref>{{cite web | title=CineStar Cubix am Alexanderplatz - Kinobeschreibung und Termine - Kinoprogramm für Berlin und Umland | website=Berlin.de | url=https://www.berlin.de/kino/_bin/kinodetail.php/32139 | language=de | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref> styled CUBIX<ref>{{cite web | title=CineStar CUBIX am Alexanderplatz, Berlin | website=cityseeker | url=https://cityseeker.com/berlin/338506-cinestar-cubix-am-alexanderplatz | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref>), which opened in November 2000, started screening films for the festival on three of its screens.<ref name=venues2017>{{cite web |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/spielst_tten/kinos/index.html |title=Berlinale venues |publisher=[[Berlin International Film Festival]] |access-date=17 August 2018 |archive-date=2 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202173453/https://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/spielst_tten/kinos/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: CUBIX | website= Berlinale  | url= https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=cubix| access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref> From 2020, after the closure of the Sony Center, the festival expanded its use of CineStar CUBIX to use all nine screens.<ref name="Blaney 2020"/>
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* Since 2009, [[Friedrichstadt-Palast]] has also been used. This venue not only has the largest theatre stage in the world, but the biggest cinema of the film festival, with 1,635 seats available for screenings. Films from the Competition and Berlinale Special Gala sections are shown at Friedrichstadt-Palast, and a digital 4K laser projector is supplied for the festival.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=friedrichstadt-palast Festival Map: Friedrichstadt-Palast] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref>
  
* The [[Kino Babylon]] was a Berlinale venue from 2008 (when it hosted its new "Generation14plus" event<ref>{{cite web | last=Blaney | first=Martin | title=Berlinale expands eastwards with new venue for 2009 | website=Screen Daily | date=3 November 2008 | url=https://www.screendaily.com/berlinale-expands-eastwards-with-new-venue-for-2009/4041727.article | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Berlinale 2008: First titles selected for the Generation section. Babylon is new venue | website= Berlinale  | date=18 December 2007 | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/2008/08_pressemitteilungen_2008/08_pressemitteilungen_2008-detail_3877.html | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref>) to 2010,<ref>{{cite web | title=59th Berlin International Film Festival: February 5 - 15, 2009| website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/archive/jahresarchive/2009/01_jahresblatt_2009/01_jahresblatt_2009.html | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref> but has not been listed as such since 2011.<ref>{{cite web | last=Tempest | first=Matthew | title=Cine-files: Babylon, Berlin | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=12 July 2011 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/jul/12/cine-files-babylon-berlin | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.babylon-film.eu/2010_berlin.php| title=Berlin 2010| website= Babylon:A European Film Development Initiative  }}</ref><ref name=venues2011>{{cite web | title=- Berlinale - Programme - Venues - Cinemas | website=berlinale.de  | url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/spielst_tten/kinos/index.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925234445/http://www.berlinale.de/en/programm/spielst_tten/kinos/index.html | archive-date=25 September 2011 | url-status=dead | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=venues2022>{{cite web | title=Festival Map | website=Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref>
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* The historic [[Kino International]], built in the 1960s to the designs of [[GDR]] architect [[Josef Kaiser]], is an example of GDR [[Modernism]] and has been one of the venues for the Berlinale since the mid-2010s accommodating an audience of 555 people (originally built for 600).<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=kino-international Festival Map: Kino Internatioal] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref>
  
* Since 2009, [[Friedrichstadt-Palast]] has also been used. This venue not only has the largest theatre stage in the world, but the biggest cinema of the film festival, with 1,635 seats available for screenings. Films from the Competition and Berlinale Special Gala sections are shown at Friedrichstadt-Palast, and a digital 4K laser projector is supplied for the festival.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Friedrichstadt-Palast| website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=friedrichstadt-palast | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref>
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* The '''Kino Arsenal''' at the Institut für Film und Videokunst (Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art) (formerly known as Friends of the German Film Archive until 2008) in Potsdamer Strasse is the main venue of the Forum event. The original Arsenal, in Welserstraße in [[Berlin-Schöneberg]], was where this section was born. In 1999, Arsenal moved with Friends of German Film Archive, [[German Film Museum]] and the German Film and Television Academy Berlin into the Filmhaus on Potsdamer Platz. There are two screens here, with seating for 235 and 75.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=kino-arsenal Festival Map: Kino Arsenal] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
* The historic [[Kino International]], built in the 1960s to the designs of [[GDR]] architect [[Josef Kaiser]], is an example of GDR [[Modernism]].<ref name=ki/> It has been one of the venues for the Berlinale since sometime in the mid-2010s,<ref name=venues2011/><ref name=venues2017/> accommodating an audience of 555 people (originally built for 600).<ref name=ki>{{cite web | title=Kino International | website=visitBerlin.de | url=https://www.visitberlin.de/en/kino-international | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Kino Internatioal | website= Berlinale | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=kino-international | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref>
+
* The [[Haus der Kulturen der Welt]], in the middle of [[Tiergarten Park]], is the venue for the premieres of Generation, the youth section of the festival.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=haus-der-kulturen-der-welt Festival Map: Haus der Kulturen der Welt] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022. </ref>
  
* The '''Kino Arsenal''' at the {{ill|Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art|de|Institut für Film und Videokunst}} (formerly known as Friends of the German Film Archive until 2008) in Potsdamer Strasse is the main venue of the Forum event. The original Arsenal, in Welserstraße in [[Berlin-Schöneberg]], was where this section was born. In 1999, Arsenal moved with Friends of German Film Archive, [[German Film Museum]] and the German Film and Television Academy Berlin into the Filmhaus on Potsdamer Platz. There are two screens here, with seating for 235 and 75.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Kino Arsenal | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=kino-arsenal | access-date=18 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Über uns | website=Arsenal – Institut für Film und Videokunst e.V. | url=https://www.arsenal-berlin.de/ueber-uns/ | language=de | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
+
*The [[Zeiss Major Planetarium]] is a [[planetarium]], which has two spaces available for film screenings, the planetarium hall with 307 seats, and a cinema hall with 160 seats. It was one of the last buildings built in the GDR, constructed in 1987.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues&loc=zeiss-grossplanetarium Festival Map: Zeiss Planetarium] ''Berlinale''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
 
* The [[Haus der Kulturen der Welt]], in the middle of [[Tiergarten Park]], is the venue for the premieres of Generation, the youth section of the festival.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Haus der Kulturen der Welt | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=haus-der-kulturen-der-welt | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
*[[Urania Berlin]] is used for film premieres in the Generation section.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Urania | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?loc=urania | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
*The [[Zeiss Major Planetarium]] is a [[planetarium]], which has two spaces available for film screenings, the planetarium hall with 307 seats, and a cinema hall with 160 seats. It was one of the last buildings built in the GDR, constructed in 1987.<ref>{{cite web | title=Festival Map: Zeiss Planetarium | website= Berlinale  | url=https://www.berlinale.de/en/service/map/map.html?cat=venues&loc=zeiss-grossplanetarium | access-date=22 September 2022}}</ref>
 
 
 
Other venues in use {{as of|2022|lc=yes}} include the [[Akademie der Künste]]; the Marshall McLuhan Salon at the [[Canada House, Berlin|Canada House]]; {{ill|Brotfabrik (Berlin)|lt=Brotfabrik|de}};  {{ill|City Kino Wedding|de}} at the Centre Francais; [[Deutsche Kinemathek]]; {{ill|Eva Lichtspiele|de}}; {{ill|Filmtheater am Friedrichshain|de}}; [[Hebbel am Ufer]] (HAU); {{ill|Kino Intimes|de}}; {{ill|Neue Kammerspiele|de}}; {{ill|Passage Kino|de}}; {{ill|SAVVY Contemporary|de}}; {{ill|Silent Green Kulturquartier|de}}; Kino Union; and the [[Deutsches Historisches Museum#Cinema|Zeughauskino]] (in the Deutsches Historisches Museum).<ref name=venues2022/>
 
  
 
==Related events==
 
==Related events==
The '''European Film Market''' ('''EFM'''), a film trade fair held simultaneously to the Berlinale, is a major industry meeting for the international film circuit.<ref>[https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117980583.html?categoryid=13&cs=1&nid=2562 Berlin Film Festival a market force] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210145652/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117980583.html?categoryid=13&cs=1&nid=2562 |date=10 February 2009 }}, Variety, 13. February 2008</ref> The trade fair serves distributors, film buyers, producers, financiers and co-production agents. The [[Berlinale Talents]], a week-long series of lectures and workshops, is a gathering of young filmmakers held in partnership with the festival.<ref>[http://www.fest21.com/blog/berlin/berlin_talent_campus_wins_hearts Berlin Talent campus wins hearts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415181131/http://www.fest21.com/blog/berlin/berlin_talent_campus_wins_hearts |date=15 April 2012 }}, fest21.com</ref>
+
[[File:Gropius Bau Berlin 1.jpg|thumb|400px|[[Martin-Gropius-Bau]]]]
 
 
 
=== European Film Market ===
 
=== European Film Market ===
[[File:Gropius Bau Berlin 1.jpg|thumb|400px|[[Martin-Gropius-Bau]]]]
+
The '''European Film Market''' ('''EFM'''), a film trade fair held simultaneously to the Berlinale, is a major industry meeting for the international film circuit. The trade fair serves distributors, film buyers, producers, financiers and co-production agents and has grown into one of three largest movie markets in the world. It is the first film market of the year.<ref name=profile>[https://www.efm-berlinale.de/en/about-efm/profile/profile.html The Profile of the European Film Market] ''EFM''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
The European Film Market (EFM) is a large trade fair for marketing films, which grew from an event started in 1978.<ref name=beginnings/>  Filmmesse was an event led by Aina Bellis from 1980 to 1987, being succeeded by Beki Probst in 1988. From 2014 to October 2020, [[Matthijs Wouter Knol]] took over the position. In November 2020, Dennis Ruh became the director of the EFM.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/berlinale-filmmarkt-mit-neuer-leitung-1.5023893|title=Filmmarkt mit neuer Leitung|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=24 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024233010/https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/berlinale-filmmarkt-mit-neuer-leitung-1.5023893|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
  
It has grown into one of three largest movie markets in the world, and is the first film market of the year;<ref name=profile/> the [[Marché du Film]] in [[Cannes]] follows in May, and the [[American Film Market]] in November.{{cn|date=September 2022}}
+
EFM provides exhibition space for companies presenting their current line-up, organizing screenings of new films in venues around [[Potsdamer Platz]]. Taking place over eight days, the event is spread across several locations, including the [[Gropius Bau]], [[Marriott Hotel]], modern Berliner Freiheit, or the historic [[Zoo Palast]].<ref name=profile/>
 
 
EFM provides exhibition space for companies presenting their current line-up, organising screenings of new films in venues around [[Potsdamer Platz]]. In 2007, the CinemaxX and [[CineStar]] were used to showcase new productions. In 2010, the Astor Film Lounge showed market screenings in three dimensions using digital RealD technology.{{cn|date=September 2022}}
 
 
 
It is a professional trade event, open to registered industry insiders, hosting up to 10,000 representatives of the international film and media industries (mostly [[film producer|producers]], sales agents, distributors and financiers).<ref name=profile/> In 2020, 971 screenings of 732 registered movies took place, with 525 films celebrating their premiere.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.efm-berlinale.de/en/about-efm/facts-figures.html|title=Facts & Figures - European Film Market|access-date=9 December 2020|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125074358/https://www.efm-berlinale.de/en/about-efm/facts-figures.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Taking place over eight days, the event is spread across several locations, including the [[Gropius Bau]], [[Marriott Hotel]], modern {{ill|Berliner Freiheit|de|Berliner Freiheit}} or the historic [[Zoo Palast]].<ref name=profile>{{cite web | website=European Film Market | title=Profile | date=9 September 2022 | url=https://www.efm-berlinale.de/en/about-efm/profile/profile.html | access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref>
 
  
 
=== Berlinale Talents ===
 
=== Berlinale Talents ===
Commencing in 2003, the Berlinale has partnered with the [[Berlinale Talents]] (previously Berlinale Talent Campus), which is a winter school for "up-and-coming filmmakers" that takes place at the same time as the festival. The Talent Campus accepts about 250 applicants each year; the attendees come from around the world, and represent all of the filmmaking professions.<ref>[http://www.berlinale-talents.de Berlinale Talents] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005030551/https://www.berlinale-talents.de/ |date=5 October 2018 }}, berlinale-talentcampus</ref>
+
Commencing in 2003, the Berlinale has partnered with the [[Berlinale Talents]] (previously Berlinale Talent Campus), which is a winter school for "up-and-coming filmmakers" that takes place at the same time as the festival. A week-long series of lectures and workshops, it features lectures and panel discussions with well-known professionals addressing issues in filmmaking. Workshops, excursions, personal tutoring, coaching, and training of participants from different fields of work are part of the program.<ref>[https://www.berlinale-talents.de/bt/page/c/main Berlinale Talents] Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
 
 
The event runs six days during the Berlinale and features lectures and panel discussions with well-known professionals addressing issues in filmmaking. Workshops, excursions, personal tutoring, coaching, and training of participants from different fields of work are part of the programme.
 
 
 
The proceedings include presentations by experts.<ref>[https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117979620.html?categoryId=1061&cs=1 Talent Campus adds to lineup] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211045030/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117979620.html?categoryId=1061&cs=1 |date=11 February 2009 }}, Variety</ref> Many of these presentations and lectures are archived, both as video recordings and as transcripts, on the Talents website.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Berlinale Talents|url=https://www.berlinale-talents.de/|access-date=2022-01-03|website=Berlinale Talents|language=en-GB|archive-date=1 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001004312/https://www.berlinale-talents.de/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
  
 
===Berlinale Co-Production Market===
 
===Berlinale Co-Production Market===
The Berlinale Co-Production Market is a five-day networking platform for producers and financiers, as well as broadcasting and funding representatives who are participating in international co-productions.<ref >{{cite web |website=European Film Market | title=Profile Berlinale Co-Production Market | url=https://www.efm-berlinale.de/en/copro-market/profile/profile.html | access-date=19 September 2022}}</ref>
+
The Berlinale Co-Production Market is a five-day networking platform for producers and financiers, as well as broadcasting and funding representatives who are participating in international co-productions.<ref>[https://www.efm-berlinale.de/en/copro-market/profile/profile.html Profile Berlinale Co-Production Market] ''EFM''. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
  
 
==World Cinema Fund==
 
==World Cinema Fund==
The World Cinema Fund (WCF) was established by [[Dieter Kosslick]]<ref name=change/> in 2004. It is associated with the Berlinale to provide financial support to [[feature film]] projects in countries  in countries with weak film infrastructure thereby helping strengthen the regions’ position on the international film market.<ref>Florentina Bratfanof, [https://culture360.asef.org/magazine/understanding-berlinale-insiders-diary/ Understanding the Berlinale - An insider's diary] ''ASEF culture360'', April 3, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>  
+
The World Cinema Fund (WCF) was established by [[Dieter Kosslick]] in 2004. It is associated with the Berlinale to provide financial support to [[feature film]] projects in countries  in countries with weak film infrastructure thereby helping strengthen the regions’ position on the international film market.<ref>Florentina Bratfanof, [https://culture360.asef.org/magazine/understanding-berlinale-insiders-diary/ Understanding the Berlinale - An insider's diary] ''ASEF culture360'', April 3, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>  
  
The WCF is a collaboration with the Federal Foundation for Culture, and awarded in cooperation with the [[Goethe Institute]], the Foreign Ministry and German producers. It aims "to develop and support cinema in regions with a weak film infrastructure, while fostering cultural diversity in German cinemas. It provides funding for production and distribution of feature films and feature-length documentaries, with a focus on countries in [[Latin America]], [[Central America]], the [[Caribbean]], Africa, the [[Middle East]], [[Central Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]], and [[the Caucasus]], as well as Bangladesh, Nepal, [[Mongolia]], and Sri Lanka.<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/wcf/home/welcome.html World Cinema Fund] Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref>
+
The WCF is a collaboration with the Federal Foundation for Culture, and awarded in cooperation with the [[Goethe Institute]], the Foreign Ministry and German producers. It aims "to develop and support cinema in regions with a weak film infrastructure, while fostering cultural diversity in German cinemas."<ref>[https://www.berlinale.de/en/wcf/home/welcome.html World Cinema Fund] Retrieved September 30, 2022.</ref> It provides funding for production and distribution of feature films and feature-length documentaries, with a focus on countries in [[Latin America]], [[Central America]], the [[Caribbean]], Africa, the [[Middle East]], [[Central Asia]], [[Southeast Asia]], and [[the Caucasus]], as well as [[Bangladesh]], [[Nepal]], [[Mongolia]], and [[Sri Lanka]].
  
 
==Notes==
 
==Notes==
Line 243: Line 179:
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
*de Valck, Marijke, Brendan Kredell, and Skadi Loist (eds.). ''Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice''. Routledge, 2016. ISBN 978-0415712477
+
 
 +
* English, James F. ''The Economy of Prestige: Prizes, Awards, and the Circulation of Cultural Value''. Harvard University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0674030435
 
* Langford, Michelle. ''Directory of World Cinema: Germany''. Intellect Ltd, 2012. ISBN 978-1841504650
 
* Langford, Michelle. ''Directory of World Cinema: Germany''. Intellect Ltd, 2012. ISBN 978-1841504650
 +
* de Valck, Marijke, Brendan Kredell, and Skadi Loist (eds.). ''Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice''. Routledge, 2016. ISBN 978-0415712477
 
* Wong, Cindy H. ''Film Festivals: Culture, People, and Power on the Global Screen''. Rutgers University Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0813551210
 
* Wong, Cindy H. ''Film Festivals: Culture, People, and Power on the Global Screen''. Rutgers University Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0813551210
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
All links retrieved September 30, 2022.
+
All links retrieved September 28, 2023.  
 +
 
 
* [https://www.berlinale.de/en/home.html Berlin International Film Festival (''Berlinale'')] Official website
 
* [https://www.berlinale.de/en/home.html Berlin International Film Festival (''Berlinale'')] Official website
 
* [https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000091/overview/ Berlin International Film Festival] ''IMDb''
 
* [https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000091/overview/ Berlin International Film Festival] ''IMDb''

Latest revision as of 11:03, 28 September 2023

Berlin International Film Festival
Goldener Bär trophy - DSC 1292.jpg
LocationBerlin, Germany
Founded1951
AwardsGolden Bear, Silver Bear
Artistic directorCarlo Chatrian
WebsiteBerlin International Film Festival (Berlinale)

The Berlin International Film Festival (German: Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin), usually called the Berlinale, is a film festival held annually in Berlin, Germany. Founded in 1951 and originally run in June, since 1978 the festival has been held every February. It is considered one of the most important film festivals in the world, alongside the Venice Film Festival in Italy and the Cannes Film Festival in France.

The festival began at the beginning of the Cold War, in the city of Berlin divided after World War II. Over the years it developed from a “showcase of the free world” into a place of intercultural exchange for the whole world. Supporting innovation in all aspects of film making, the festival ranges from classic narrative forms to contemporary aesthetically and structurally daring works from contemporary filmmakers, including up and coming youngsters inspired to create works that reflect their unique cultural background. While there is an important element of competition, as film makers seek to win the coveted Golden Bear award, the festival functions primarily as a celebration of the art of film for the public as well as those involved in the business of film making. It provides a forum for the exchange of ideas and technical developments and thus contributes to the creation of films that entertain, inspire, and educate regarding current social issues.

History

Delphi Filmpalast

The festival has been held every February since 1978 and is now considered one of the "Big Three" festivals in Europe, alongside the Venice Film Festival in Italy and the Cannes Film Festival in France.[1] With tens of thousands if visitors attending each year, it is one of the largest film festivals in the world. About 400 films are shown in several sections across cinematic genres. Around twenty films compete for the festival's top awards, the Golden Bear and several Silver Bears.

First festival

During the peak of the Cold War in 1950, Oscar Martay, a film officer of the Information Service Branch of the American High Commissioner for Germany stationed in Berlin, proposed the idea of a film festival in Berlin.[2] The proposal was put through a committee, which included members of the Senate of Berlin and people from the German film industry, on 9 October 1950. Through his efforts and influence, the American military administration was persuaded to assist and to give loans for the first years of the Berlin International Film Festival, which commenced in June 1951. Film historian Dr. Alfred Bauer was the festival's first director, a position he would hold until 1976.[3]

Alfred Hitchcock's Rebecca opened the first festival at the Titiana-Palast in Steglitz on June 6, 1951. The festival ran from June 6 to 17, with Waldbühne being another festival venue.[3]

The winners of the inaugural awards in 1951 were determined by a West German panel, and there were five winners of the Golden Bear, the prize for best film, divided by categories and genres. Disney's Cinderella, which won the Golden Bear for a Music Film, also won the audience award.[4]

Early years and awards

The FIAPF (Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Films) prohibited the awarding of prizes by an expert jury, which is reserved for "A-status" accredited festivals, so between 1952 and 1955 the winners of the Golden Bear were determined by the audience members.[3] In 1956, FIAPF formally accredited the festival and since then the Golden Bear has been awarded by an international jury.[5]

During the Cold War, a selection of the films were also screened in East Berlin.[6]

1970s

The 20th Berlin International Film Festival in 1970 was cut short and awards not issued following controversy over the showing of Michael Verhoeven's anti-war film o.k..[7] The jury, headed by American film director George Stevens, decided after a 7–2 vote to remove the film from the competition, justifying their decision by citing a FIAPF guideline that said: "All film festivals should contribute to better understanding between nations." Stevens claimed that the film, which includes a gang rape of a Vietnamese woman by American soldiers during the Vietnam War, was anti-American.[8] One jury member, Dušan Makavejev, protested against this measure, standing up for the film and supporting Verhoeven and producer Rob Houwer.[9] Verhoeven defended his film by stating in these terms: "I have not made an anti-American film... The biggest part of the American people today is against the war in Vietnam".[10] Other directors taking part in the festival withdrew their films in protest, and the jury was accused of censorship and eventually disbanded, so no prizes were awarded and the competition was suspended.[11]

This scandal had such a major impact that the future of the festival was in doubt. Festival director Alfred Bauer resigned and it was clear that the festival needed to take a new direction if it was to continue.[9] Bauer returned and the following year, the festival was re-formed and a new International Forum for New Cinema was created.[12]

Wolf Donner took over the directorship in 1976, and he gave German films higher priority.[13] After his first Berlinale in June 1977, Donner successfully negotiated the shift of the festival from the June to February (February 22 – March 5, 1978), a change which has remained ever since.[8]

The 28th Festival, held in 1978, saw the jury award the Golden Bear to Spain for its contribution to the festival rather than a specific film.[7] The three Spanish films which were screened at the festival and won were short film Ascensor directed by Tomás Muñoz and feature films La palabras de Max by Emilio Martínez Lázaro and Las truchas by José Luis García Sánchez.[14] The 1978 festival also saw the start of the European Film Market.

Berlinale Palast (aka Theater am Potsdamer Platz, main venue since 2000

1980–2000

After only three years in the role, Donner was followed by Moritz de Hadeln, who held the position from 1980[15] until director Dieter Kosslick took over in 2001.[16]

Twenty-first century

A new Series section, devoted to longform television series, was introduced in 2015.[17]

In June 2018, it was announced that Mariette Rissenbeek would serve as the new executive director alongside artistic director Carlo Chatrian. They assumed their posts after Kosslick's final edition in 2019. Rissenbeek became the first woman to lead the Berlinale.[18][19]

A shortened 71st festival took place virtually in March 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. An open air summer event took place as well in June.[20][21]

Festival program

Conference after a screening

The festival is currently composed of nine different sections:[22]

  • Competition: The centerpiece of the Berlinale, feature-length films yet to be released outside their country of origin compete for several prizes, including the top Golden Bear for the best film and a series of Silver Bears for acting, writing, and production.[23]
  • Berlinale Special: A diverse selection of films, events, and people, and Berlinale Series for television series.[17]
  • Encounters: Established in 2020 to foster "daring works" when Culinary Cinema was dropped.[24]
  • Berlinale Shorts: A separate section for short films since 2007; short films were honored with Golden and Silver Bears from 1955, with a separate jury for shorts established in 2003.[25]
  • Panorama: Extraordinary cinema: "explicitly queer, explicitly feminist, explicitly political ... always looking for what is new, daring, unconventional and wild in today’s cinema" cinema.[26]
  • Forum & Forum Expanded: Reflections on the medium of film; a selection of around 40 films, independently curated and organized by Institut für Film und Videokunst (Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art) as part of the Berlinale, since 1971.[27]
  • Generation: Comprising Generation Kplus and Generation 14plus, two competition programs screening international cinema exploring the worlds of children and teenagers; started in 1978 with a selection "Cinema for People Six and up"; then Kinderfilmfest ("Children’s Film Festival"); expanded to include the 14plus competition in 2004; renamed Generation in 2007, with the two sections.[28]
  • Perspektive Deutsches Kino: Perspectives on German Cinema, created in 2002 by incoming director Dieter Kosslick with Alfred Holighaus[29]
  • Retrospective, Berlinale Classics & Homage: Berlinale’s film history program established in 1977. Curated by the Deutsche Kinemathek – Museum für Film und Fernsehen the Retrospective brings works from international film history back to the big screen. In Berlinale Classics, digitally restored film classics and rediscoveries celebrate their premieres. the Homage honors outstanding personalities from the international film scene, screening their most important works in a series of films. The presentation of the Honorary Golden Bear for a lifetime’s achievement at a gala screening in the presence of the honored guest is one of the highlights of the Berlinale.[30]

Awards

The Golden Bear (Goldener Bär) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival. In its first year in 1951 there were five winners of the Golden Bear, divided by categories and genres, awarded by a German jury.[31]

From 1952 to 1955 the Golden and Silver Bears (Silberner Bär) were awarded by audience voting, as the FIAPF had determined after the first festival that only Cannes and Venice Film Festivals were allowed to appoint official juries.[32] In 1956, the Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Films formally accredited the festival, and since then, the Golden Bear and various Silver Bears have been awarded by an international jury.[5]

A Bronze Berlin Bear, determined by audience vote, was also awarded from 1952 to 1955.[33]

International jury prizes

A Golden Bear statue

Since 1956, the main prizes in the festival, which today include the Golden Bear and various Silver Bears, are those awarded by the international jury.[34]

The statuettes awarded as trophies are based on the Bär first created by sculptor Renée Sintenis (1888–1965) in 1932. The bear, based on the coat of arms of Berlin and depicting a bear standing on its hind legs with its arms raised, became popular in the 1930s, bringing wealth to Sintenis. Since the 3rd Festival in 1953, replicas of the bear have been produced by the Noack Foundry.[35][36]

Golden Bear

The Golden Bear (German: Goldener Bär) is the highest prize awarded to the producers of the best feature film.[34]

The statuette shows a bear standing on its hind legs and is based on the 1932 design by German sculptor Renée Sintenis of Berlin's heraldic mascot that later became the symbol of the festival. The original award was redesigned in 1960.[37]

The bear is 20 centimeters (7.9 in) high and is fixed onto a base where the winning name is engraved. The figurine consists of a bronze core, which is then plated with a layer of gold. The total weight of the award is 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).[38]

Silver Bear
The Silver Bear statue

The Silver Bear statuette is cast the same as the Golden Bear, but plated in silver instead of gold.[38] The categories of Silver Bear awards are:[34]

  • Silver Bear Grand Jury Prize
  • Silver Bear Jury Prize
  • Silver Bear for Best Short Film
  • Silver Bear for Best Director
  • Silver Bear for Best Leading Performance
  • Silver Bear for Best Supporting Performance
  • Silver Bear for Best Screenplay
  • Silver Bear for Outstanding Artistic Contribution

Other Berlinale awards

The Honorary Golden Bear has been awarded for lifetime achievement since 1982, when it was awarded to James Stewart.[39] It is presented to someone with an exceptional artistic career, and is given to the guest of honor of the Homage section[40] which has been run since 1977 by the Berlinale and the Deutsche Kinemathek – Museum für Film und Fernsehen.[30]

Awards for short films are awarded by a separate international short film jury consisting of three filmmakers and artists. The short film award are:[41]

  • Golden Bear for Best Short Film (since 1956)
  • Silver Bear Jury Prize (Short Film)
  • Berlin Short Film Candidate for the European Film Awards

There are also awards given by separate juries or via other routes at the Berlinale. These include:

  • The Berlinale Camera has been awarded since 1986, with the trophy modeled on a real camera, made with 128 parts, some movable. It is awarded to "personalities and institutions that have made a unique contribution to film," as a way for the festival to express its thanks to friends and supporters of the festival. Past winners include Isabella Rossellini, Michael Ballhaus, Claude Chabrol, Jodie Foster, Otto Sander, Karlheinz Böhm, Clint Eastwood, Gina Lollobrigida, Sydney Pollack, and Curt Siodmak.[36]
  • Crystal Bears (Gläserner Bär), Grand Prix, and special prizes are awarded in the Generation section (grouped separately into Generation Kplus and Generation 14plus)[42]

Independent awards

There are also many other prizes given by independent juries (not connected to the Berlinale) at the event. For example, the Shooting Stars Award for young European acting talent is independently awarded by European Film Promotion at Berlinale Palast.[43]

Many other awards are also given, including juries of the international film critics association “Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique” (FIPRESCI), the Ecumenical Jury which represents the international film organizations of the Protestant and Catholic Churches, INTERFILM and SIGNIS, the International Confederation of Art House Cinemas, "Confédération Internationale des Cinémas d’Art et d’Essai" (C.I.C.A.E.), the independent Peace Film Prize, and many others.[44]

Venues

Cubix Kino at Alexanderplatz
Friedrichstadtpalast
Kino International

The Theater am Potsdamer Platz, a theatre for musicals which is known as the Berlinale Palast during the festival, is the venue for the premieres of Competition film and several Special Gala films, as well as the opening and awards ceremonies.[45]

The CinemaxX Potsdamer Platz, which has 19 screens, has been the main Berlinale screening cinema since 2000, two years after its opening in 1998.[46]

Other venues for the festival include or have included the following:[47]

  • The first festival was screened at the Titiana-Palast in Steglitz, as well as the open-air cinema at Waldbühne, in June 1951.[7][48] The Titiana Palast building, dating from 1926, still bears this name on a sign outside, but is now known as the Cineplex Titania. It was renovated in 2014, creating seven cinemas with over 1,200 seats, along with 7.1 Dolby Digital sound technology.[49]
  • The historic Delphi Filmpalast am Zoo (aka the Delphi; built on the site of an old dance hall, was opened in 1949 by Walter Jonigkeit. It is located near the Berlin Zoologischer Garten and has been used for the festival almost since its inception. Since 1981 it has been one of the main venues for the Forum program, maintaining its old style as a picture palace. Following renovation in 2014, it seats an audience of up to 768 people and is one of Germany’s biggest independent screens. [50]
  • The Zoo Palast was purpose-built for the festival in 1957 based on designs by cinema architect Gerhard Fritsche, and opened with the film Die Zürcher Verlobung, starring Liselotte Pulver, who also cut the ribbon in the opening ceremony.[51] It remained the home of the festival until 1999, and was the venue for films premiering in competition. It closed from 2011 until late 2013 for a complete interior reconstruction and renovation, opening in time for the 2014 festival with seven cinemas and offering a total of 1,650 seats, and space for 791 in the main auditorium.[52]
  • The exhibition space and screening hall of the Academy of Arts (Akademie der Künste) in the Tiergarten district was used as a venue before the Berlinale moved its main activities to Potsdamer Platz in 2000. It was briefly a venue for the for the Forum program from 2015, and once again took on duties as screening venue after the closure of the Sony Center at the end of 2019.[53]
  • In 2007, the CineStar CUBIX multiplex cinema (Cubix am Alexanderplatz, which opened in November 2000, started screening films for the festival on three of its screens, and from 2020, after the closure of the Sony Center, using all nine screens.[54]
  • Since 2009, Friedrichstadt-Palast has also been used. This venue not only has the largest theatre stage in the world, but the biggest cinema of the film festival, with 1,635 seats available for screenings. Films from the Competition and Berlinale Special Gala sections are shown at Friedrichstadt-Palast, and a digital 4K laser projector is supplied for the festival.[55]
  • The historic Kino International, built in the 1960s to the designs of GDR architect Josef Kaiser, is an example of GDR Modernism and has been one of the venues for the Berlinale since the mid-2010s accommodating an audience of 555 people (originally built for 600).[56]
  • The Kino Arsenal at the Institut für Film und Videokunst (Arsenal Institute for Film and Video Art) (formerly known as Friends of the German Film Archive until 2008) in Potsdamer Strasse is the main venue of the Forum event. The original Arsenal, in Welserstraße in Berlin-Schöneberg, was where this section was born. In 1999, Arsenal moved with Friends of German Film Archive, German Film Museum and the German Film and Television Academy Berlin into the Filmhaus on Potsdamer Platz. There are two screens here, with seating for 235 and 75.[57]
  • The Haus der Kulturen der Welt, in the middle of Tiergarten Park, is the venue for the premieres of Generation, the youth section of the festival.[58]
  • The Zeiss Major Planetarium is a planetarium, which has two spaces available for film screenings, the planetarium hall with 307 seats, and a cinema hall with 160 seats. It was one of the last buildings built in the GDR, constructed in 1987.[59]

Related events

Martin-Gropius-Bau

European Film Market

The European Film Market (EFM), a film trade fair held simultaneously to the Berlinale, is a major industry meeting for the international film circuit. The trade fair serves distributors, film buyers, producers, financiers and co-production agents and has grown into one of three largest movie markets in the world. It is the first film market of the year.[60]

EFM provides exhibition space for companies presenting their current line-up, organizing screenings of new films in venues around Potsdamer Platz. Taking place over eight days, the event is spread across several locations, including the Gropius Bau, Marriott Hotel, modern Berliner Freiheit, or the historic Zoo Palast.[60]

Berlinale Talents

Commencing in 2003, the Berlinale has partnered with the Berlinale Talents (previously Berlinale Talent Campus), which is a winter school for "up-and-coming filmmakers" that takes place at the same time as the festival. A week-long series of lectures and workshops, it features lectures and panel discussions with well-known professionals addressing issues in filmmaking. Workshops, excursions, personal tutoring, coaching, and training of participants from different fields of work are part of the program.[61]

Berlinale Co-Production Market

The Berlinale Co-Production Market is a five-day networking platform for producers and financiers, as well as broadcasting and funding representatives who are participating in international co-productions.[62]

World Cinema Fund

The World Cinema Fund (WCF) was established by Dieter Kosslick in 2004. It is associated with the Berlinale to provide financial support to feature film projects in countries in countries with weak film infrastructure thereby helping strengthen the regions’ position on the international film market.[63]

The WCF is a collaboration with the Federal Foundation for Culture, and awarded in cooperation with the Goethe Institute, the Foreign Ministry and German producers. It aims "to develop and support cinema in regions with a weak film infrastructure, while fostering cultural diversity in German cinemas."[64] It provides funding for production and distribution of feature films and feature-length documentaries, with a focus on countries in Latin America, Central America, the Caribbean, Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Caucasus, as well as Bangladesh, Nepal, Mongolia, and Sri Lanka.

Notes

  1. Marijke de Valck, Brendan Kredell, and Skadi Loist (eds.), Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice (Routledge, 2016, ISBN 978-0415712477).
  2. Cindy H. Wong, Film Festivals: Culture, People, and Power on the Global Screen (Rutgers University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0813551210).
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 1st Berlin International Film Festival June 6-17, 1951 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  4. Prizes & Honours 1951 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Juries 1952 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  6. Harold Myers, Berlin Film Fest Unreeling Variety, June 29, 1960. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 Berlinale beginnings Variety, February 8, 2012. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  8. 8.0 8.1 Michelle Langford, Directory of World Cinema: Germany (Intellect Ltd, 2012, ISBN 978-1841504650).
  9. 9.0 9.1 20th Berlin International Film Festival, June 26 - July 7, 1970 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  10. War film dropped by Berlin Festival The New York Times, July 4, 1970. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  11. Berlinale looks back on 60 years of war, scandal and glamour Deutsche Welle, February 10, 2010. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  12. 21st Berlin International Film Festival June 26 - July 6, 1971 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  13. 27th Berlin International Film Festival June 24 - July 5, 1977 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  14. Prizes and Honors 1978 Berlinale. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
  15. 30th Berlin International Film Festival February 18 - 29, 1980 Berlinale. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  16. 51st Berlin International Film Festival February 7 - 18, 2001 Berlinale. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  17. 17.0 17.1 Berlinale Special & Berlinale Series Berlinale. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  18. Leo Barraclough, Mariette Rissenbeek, Carlo Chatrian to Become Co-Chiefs of Berlin Film Festival Variety, June 22, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  19. Matt Mueller, Berlin Film Festival's new co-chief Mariette Rissenbeek on her appointment and future plans Screen Daily, August 2, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  20. Berlinale 2021 Will Be a Festival in Two Stages: Industry Online Offer in March / Public Event in June Berlinale, December 18, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2022.
  21. Berlinale Goes Open Air Berlinale.
  22. Sections & Special Presentations Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  23. Competition Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  24. Encounters Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  25. Berlinale Shorts Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  26. Panorama Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  27. Forum & Forum Expanded Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  28. Generation Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  29. Perspektive Deutsches Kino Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  30. 30.0 30.1 Retrospective, Berlinale Classics & Homage Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  31. Prizes & Honours 1951 Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  32. Juries 1953 Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  33. Prizes & Honours 1952 Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  34. 34.0 34.1 34.2 Prizes of the International Jury Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  35. Emmanuelle François, The woman behind the Bär Exberliner, March 2, 2018. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  36. 36.0 36.1 Berlinale Camera Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  37. James F. English, The Economy of Prestige: Prizes, Awards, and the Circulation of Cultural Value (Harvard University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0674030435).
  38. 38.0 38.1 In pictures Novinite, February 8, 2010. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  39. Prizes & Honours 1982 Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  40. The Honorary Golden Bear Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  41. Prizes of the International Short Film Jury Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  42. Awards and Juries in the Generation section Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  43. European Shooting Stars European Film Promotion, January 13, 2022.
  44. Further Prizes Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  45. Festival Map: Berlinale Palast Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  46. Festival Map: CinemaxX Potsdamer Platz Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  47. Festival Map Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  48. Waldbühne open-air stage Visit Berlin. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  49. Festival Map: Cineplex Titania Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  50. Festival Map: Delphi Filmpalast Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  51. Zoo Palast Kino Berlin Kinokompendium. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  52. Festival Map: Zoo Palast Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  53. Festival Map: Akademie der Künste (Hanseatenweg) Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2002.
  54. Festival Map: CUBIX Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  55. Festival Map: Friedrichstadt-Palast Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  56. Festival Map: Kino Internatioal Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  57. Festival Map: Kino Arsenal Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  58. Festival Map: Haus der Kulturen der Welt Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  59. Festival Map: Zeiss Planetarium Berlinale. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  60. 60.0 60.1 The Profile of the European Film Market EFM. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  61. Berlinale Talents Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  62. Profile Berlinale Co-Production Market EFM. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  63. Florentina Bratfanof, Understanding the Berlinale - An insider's diary ASEF culture360, April 3, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2022.
  64. World Cinema Fund Retrieved September 30, 2022.

References
ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

  • English, James F. The Economy of Prestige: Prizes, Awards, and the Circulation of Cultural Value. Harvard University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0674030435
  • Langford, Michelle. Directory of World Cinema: Germany. Intellect Ltd, 2012. ISBN 978-1841504650
  • de Valck, Marijke, Brendan Kredell, and Skadi Loist (eds.). Film Festivals: History, Theory, Method, Practice. Routledge, 2016. ISBN 978-0415712477
  • Wong, Cindy H. Film Festivals: Culture, People, and Power on the Global Screen. Rutgers University Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0813551210

External links

All links retrieved September 28, 2023.

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