Difference between revisions of "Zagreb" - New World Encyclopedia
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The name ''Zagreb'' likely comes from the common [[Slavic languages|Slavic]] word "zagrabiti" ({{lang-en|to scoop}}). One legend about the origins of the name involves a thirsty woman who scooped water from Lake Manduševac, another tells of a [[History of Croatia|Croatian]] [[Ban (title)|ban]] who thrust his sabre into the ground, and ordered his thirsty troops to scrape the soil to get to the water. The verb ''zagrebati'' is relevant as the city lay behind a water-filled hole (''graba''). | The name ''Zagreb'' likely comes from the common [[Slavic languages|Slavic]] word "zagrabiti" ({{lang-en|to scoop}}). One legend about the origins of the name involves a thirsty woman who scooped water from Lake Manduševac, another tells of a [[History of Croatia|Croatian]] [[Ban (title)|ban]] who thrust his sabre into the ground, and ordered his thirsty troops to scrape the soil to get to the water. The verb ''zagrebati'' is relevant as the city lay behind a water-filled hole (''graba''). | ||
| − | + | Zagreb is located on the slopes of Medvednica Hill to the north and on the Sava River floodplain to the south. | |
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Elevation | Elevation | ||
Revision as of 02:47, 19 September 2008
| City of Zagreb Grad Zagreb Agram (Old German) |
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| Coordinates: {{#invoke:Coordinates|coord}}{{#coordinates:45|49|0|N|15|59|0|E|type:city | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| name= }} | |||
| Country | Croatia | ||
| RC diocese | 1094 | ||
| Free royal city | 1242 | ||
| Unified | 1850 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Milan Bandić (SDP) | ||
| Area [1] | |||
| - City | 641.29 km² (247.6 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2007 estimate)[2] | |||
| - City | 784,900 | ||
| - Density | 1,223.9/km² (3,169.9/sq mi) | ||
| - Urban | 1,094,596 | ||
| - 2001 census | 779,145 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Postal code | 10000 | ||
| Area code(s) | 01 | ||
| Licence plate | ZG | ||
| Lowest point | 122 m | ||
| Highest point | 1,035 m (Sljeme) | ||
| Website: zagreb.hr | |||
Zagreb (pronounced /ˈzɑːgrɛb/) is the capital and the largest city of Croatia. Zagreb is the cultural, scientific, economic and governmental center of the Republic of Croatia in the Prigorje region. The city's population in 2006 was 784,900[2] (approx. 1.1 million in the metropolitan area). It is situated between the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain and both northern and southern bank of the Sava river at an elevation of approximately 122 m above sea level.
Its favorable geographic position in the southwestern part of the Pannonian Basin, which extends to the Alpine, Dinaric, Adriatic and Pannonic regions, provides an excellent connection for traffic between Central Europe and the Adriatic Sea.
The transport connections, concentration of industry, scientific and research institutions and industrial tradition underlie its leading economic position in Croatia. Zagreb is the seat of the central government, administrative bodies and almost all government ministries.
Geography
The name Zagreb likely comes from the common Slavic word "zagrabiti" (English: to scoop). One legend about the origins of the name involves a thirsty woman who scooped water from Lake Manduševac, another tells of a Croatian ban who thrust his sabre into the ground, and ordered his thirsty troops to scrape the soil to get to the water. The verb zagrebati is relevant as the city lay behind a water-filled hole (graba).
Zagreb is located on the slopes of Medvednica Hill to the north and on the Sava River floodplain to the south.
Elevation
The climate of Zagreb is continental, with four separate seasons. Summers are hot and dry, and winters are cold. The average maximum daytime temperature in January of 37°F (3°C), rising to an average maximum of around 77°F (25°C) in July. The end of May, particularly, gets very warm, with temperatures rising to the mid-80sºF (30°C) and up. Snowfall is common in the winter months, from December to March, and rain and fog are common in autumn (October to December). Mean annual precipitation is 35 inches (885mm).
Rivers and canals Size – land area, size comparison Environmental issues Districts
History
Early Zagreb
The history of Zagreb dates as far back as 1094 when the Hungarian King Ladislaus founded a diocese. Alongside the bishop's see the canonical settlement Kaptol developed north of the Cathedral, as did the fortified settlement Gradec on the neighbouring hill. Today the latter is Zagreb's Upper Town (Gornji Grad) and is one of the best preserved urban nuclei in Croatia. Both settlements came under Tatar attack in 1242. As a sign of gratitude for offering him a safe haven from the Tatar the Croatian and Hungarian King Bela IV bestowed Gradec with a Golden Bull, which offered its citizens exemption from county rule and autonomy, as well as its own judicial system. According to legend, Bela left Gradec a cannon, under the condition that it be fired every day so that it did not rust. Since 1 January 1877 the cannon is fired from the Lotrščak Tower on Grič to mark midday.
The main square of the Gornji Grad is dominated by the Gothic church of St. Mark. It was built at the end of the 14th and the beginning of the 15th century and a late Baroque bell tower was added later.
Fighting ensued between the Zagreb diocese and the free sovereign town of Gradec for land and mills, sometimes also for political reasons. The term Zagreb was used for these two separate boroughs in the 16th century. Zagreb was then seen as the political center and the capital of Croatia and Slavonia. In 1850 the town was united under its first mayor - Janko Kamauf.[3]
17th and 18th century
It was not until the 17th century and Nikola Frankopan that Zagreb was chosen as the seat of the Croatian viceroys in 1621. At the invitation of the Croatian Parliament the Jesuits came to Zagreb and built the first grammar school, the St. Catherine's Church and monastery. In 1669 they founded an academy where philosophy, theology and law were taught.
During the 17th and 18th centuries Zagreb was badly devastated by fire and the plague. In 1776 the royal council (government) moved from Varaždin to Zagreb and during the reign of Joseph II Zagreb became the headquarters of the Varaždin and Karlovac general command.[4]
19th to early 20th century
In the 19th century Zagreb was the center of the Croatian National Revival and saw the erection of important cultural and historic institutions.
The first railway line to connect Zagreb with Zidani Most and Sisak was opened in 1862 and in 1863 Zagreb received a gasworks. The Zagreb waterworks was opened in 1878 and the first horse-drawn tramcar was used in 1891. The construction of the railway lines enabled the old suburbs to merge gradually into Donji Grad, characterized by a regular block pattern that prevails in Central European cities. This bustling core hosts many imposing buildings, monuments, and parks as well as a multitude of museums, theaters and cinemas. An electric power plant was erected in 1907 and development flourished 1880–1914 after the earthquake in Zagreb when the town received the characteristic layout it has today.
The first half of the 20th century saw a large expansion of Zagreb. Before the World War I, the city expanded and neighborhoods like Stara Peščenica in the east and Črnomerec in the west were created. After the war, working-class quarters emerged between the railway and the Sava, whereas the construction of residential quarters on the hills of the southern slopes of Medvednica was completed between the two World Wars.
In the 1920s the population of Zagreb went up by 70 percent — the largest demographic boom in the history of Zagreb. In 1926 the first radio station in the region began broadcasting out of Zagreb, and in 1947 the Zagreb Fair was opened.[5]
Modern Zagreb
The area between the railway and the Sava river witnessed a new construction boom after World War II. After the mid-1950s, construction of new residential areas south of the Sava river began, resulting in Novi Zagreb (New Zagreb). The city also expanded westward and eastward, incorporating Dubrava, Podsused, Jarun, Blato, and other settlements.
The cargo railway hub and the international airport Pleso were built south of the Sava river. The largest industrial zone (Žitnjak) in the southeast represents an extension of the industrial zones on the eastern outskirts of the city, between the river Sava and Prigorje region.
In 1987 Zagreb hosted the Universiade.[6]
In 1991, it became the capital of the country following secession from Second Yugoslavia. During the 1991-1995 Croatian War of Independence, it was a scene of some sporadic fighting surrounding its JNA army barracks, but escaped major damage. In May 1995, it was targeted by Serb rocket artillery in the Zagreb rocket attack that killed seven civilians.
Urbanized lines of settlements connect Zagreb with their centers in its surroundings: Sesvete, Zaprešić, Samobor, Dugo Selo and Velika Gorica. Sesvete is the closest one to become a part of the agglomeration and is in fact already included in the City of Zagreb.
Area and population development
| Year | Area (km²) |
Population (inside city limits at that time) |
Population (inside today's city limits) |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1368 | 2,810 | from the household census | ||
| 1742 | 5,600 | from the household census | ||
| 1805 | 7,706 | population census without clergy and nobility | ||
| 1850 | 16,036 | |||
| 1857 | 16,657 | 48,266 | ||
| 1869 | 19,857 | 54,761 | ||
| 1880 | 30,830 | 67,188 | ||
| 1890 | 3.33 | 40,268 | 82,848 | |
| 1900 | 64.37 | 61,002 | 111,565 | |
| 1910 | 64.37 | 79,038 | 136,351 | |
| 1921 | 64.37 | 108,674 | 167,765 | |
| 1931 | 64.37 | 185,581 | 258,024 | |
| 1948 | 74.99 | 279,623 | 356,529 | |
| 1953 | 235.74 | 350,829 | 393,919 | |
| 1961 | 495.60 | 430,802 | 478,076 | |
| 1971 | 497.95 | 602,205 | 629,896 | |
| 1981 | 1,261.54 | 768,700 | 723,065 | |
| 1991 | 1,715.55 | 933,914 | 777,826 | |
| 2001 | 641.36 | 779,145 | 779,145 | |
| The data in column 3 refers to the administrative arrangement valid at time of census. The data in column 4 is broken down to the territory now defined as 'The City of Zagreb' (as from regulative published in NN No.10, from 10th of January 1997). If not stated else the data is from population cesuses, carried out according to regulations valid at that time. [7] | ||||
Government
Croatia is a parliamentary democracy in which the president is chief of state, and is elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term). The prime minister is head of government, who, as leader of the majority party, is appointed by the president and approved by the Assembly. The unicameral Assembly, or Sabor, comprises 153 members elected from party lists by popular vote to serve four-year terms.
The city of Zagreb, as the capital of Croatia, has special status, and is the administrative centre of Zagreb city and Zagreb county. Croatia has 20 counties (županijas). Zagreb city administration comprises the directly elected 51-member city assembly, as well as the 11-member executive body, elected by the assembly. The mayor is the head of city government and has two deputies.
The city administrative bodies comprises 12 city offices, three city bureaus and three city services. They are responsible to the mayor and the city government. Local government is organized in 17 city districts represented by City District Councils.
Economy
Overview – Any specialization: For instance, is a manufactured product is associated with particular cities a. Milwaukee—cheese and beer b. Los Angeles—entertainment industry c. Sheffield—coal d. top 20 cities in the U.S. are highly specialized
Per capita GDP, rank Financial and business services sector Tourism Manufacturing Transport: Road, rail, air, sea
Most important branches of industry are: production of electric machines and devices, chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, food and drink processing. Zagreb is international trade and business center, and the transport crossroad of Central and East Europe.[8]
The city of Zagreb has the highest nominal GDP per capita in Croatia ($ 14,480, compared to the 2004 Croatian average of $ 8,024).[9]
As of April 2008, the average monthly net salary in Zagreb was 6,017 kuna, about $1,292 (Croatian average is 5,036 kuna, about $1,081).[10] In 2006 the average unemployment rate in Zagreb was around 8.6%.[1]
34% of companies in Croatia have headquarters in Zagreb, and 38.4% of Croatian workforce works in Zagreb, including almost all banks, utility and public transport companies.
Companies in Zagreb create 52% of total turnover and 60% of total profit of Croatia in 2006 as well as 37% of Croatian export.[11]
Tourism
Zagreb is an important tourist center, not only in terms of passengers travelling from Western and Central Europe to the Adriatic Sea, but also as a travel destination itself. Since the end of the war, it has attracted around half a million visitors annually, mainly from Austria, Germany and Italy. However, the city has even greater potential as many tourists that visit Croatia skip Zagreb in order to visit the beaches along the Croatian Adriatic coast and old historic Renaissance cities such as Dubrovnik, Split, and Zadar.
The historical part of the city to the north of Ban Jelačić Square is composed of the Gornji Grad and Kaptol, a medieval urban complex of churches, palaces, museums, galleries and government buildings that are popular with tourists on sightseeing tours. The historic district can be reached on foot, starting from Jelačić Square, the center of Zagreb, or by a funicular on nearby Tomićeva Street.
Transport
Zagreb is the hub of five major Croatian highways. The city has an avenue network with several main arteries up to ten lanes wide and Zagreb bypass, a congested four-lane highway encircling most of the city. There is much congestion in the city center during the rush hour and a daytime parking problem. As of 2007, Zagreb has seven road traffic bridges across the river Sava.
Public transportation in the city is organized in two layers: the inner parts of the city are mostly covered by trams and the outer suburbs are linked with buses. The funicular (uspinjača) in the historic part of the city is a tourist attraction. Taxis are readily available with the prices somewhat higher than in other cities of the region.
As of 1992, the state rail operator HŽ (Hrvatske željeznice, Croatian Railways) has been developing a network of suburban trains in metropolitan Zagreb area.
Zagreb Airport Template:Airport codes, known as 'Pleso Airport' is the main Croatian international airport, a 20km drive southeast of Zagreb in the suburb of Pleso. Zagreb also has a second, smaller airport, Lučko Template:Airport codes. It is home to sports airplanes and a Croatian special police unit, as well as being a military helicopter airbase.
Cityscape
The most important historical high-rise constructions are Neboder in Donji Grad district, Cibona Tower in Trešnjevka - sjever district (built in 1987), Zagrepčanka in Trnje district (built in 1976), Mamutica in Travno (Novi Zagreb-istok district, built in 1974) and Zagreb TV Tower on Sljeme (built in 1973).
There have been many recent constructions in Zagreb, such as the Almeria Tower, Eurotower, HOTO Tower and Zagrebtower. Several new skyscrapers, such as Center Črnomerec, Sky Office Tower and the Tower 123 are planned for construction in 2008, along with proposed business districts in Kajzerica and Buzin, both in Novi Zagreb. There has recently been an announcement of development along the Jadranska Avenue, near Blato and Lanište, where the Zagreb Arena is being built.[12]
Demographics
Zagreb is the largest city in Croatia, and is the only Croatian city whose metropolitan population exceeds one million people. Most people live in the city proper. There are 1,088,841 people in the Zagreb metropolitan area, which includes the smaller cities of Samobor, Velika Gorica and Zaprešić. The official 2001 census counted 779,145 residents, although by 2006 that number had grown to 784,900, according to government estimates.[2] The majority of its citizens are Croats making up 91.94% of the city's population (2001 census). The same census records 40,066 residents belonging to ethnic minorities. Such ethnic minorities comprise: 18,811 Serbs (2.41%), 6,204 Bosniaks (0.80%), 4,030 Muslims by nationality (0.52%), 3,389 Albanians (0.43%), 3,225 Slovenes (0.41%), 1,946 Roma (0.25%), 1,131 Montenegrins (0.17%), 1,315 Macedonians (0.17%), together with other smaller minor ethnic communities.[13]
Education
There are 136 primary schools and 100 secondary schools including 30 gymnasiums.[14][15] There are 5 public higher education institution and 9 private professional higher education schools.[16]
Zagreb Classical Gymnasium
Zagreb is the home of the oldest secondary school in Croatia and the southeastern part of Europe - the Zagreb Classical Gymnasium (Klasična gimnazija). It was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1607 and has operated continuously ever since.
The school was bombed on May 2 1995 during the bombing of Zagreb in the Croatian war of independence.
University
The University of Zagreb (founded in 1669) is the oldest and one of the largest universities in southeastern Europe. Ever since its foundation, the university has been continually growing and developing and now consists of 29 faculties, three art academies and the Croatian Studies Center.
Of interest
Museums
Zagreb's numerous museums reflect the history, art and culture not only of Zagreb and Croatia, but also of Europe and the world. Around thirty collections in museums and galleries comprise more than 3.6 million various exhibits, excluding church and private collections.
Archeological Museum
The Archaeological Museum (19 Nikola Šubić Zrinski Square) collections, today consisting of nearly 400,000 varied artifacts and monuments, have been gathered over the years from many different sources. These holdings include evidence of Croatian presence in the area.[17] The most famous are the Egyptian collection, the Zagreb mummy and bandages with the oldest Etruscan inscription in the world (Liber Linteus Zagrabiensis), as well as the numismatic collection.
Croatian Natural History Museum
The Croatian Natural History Museum (1 Demetrova Street) holds one of the world's most important collection of Neanderthal remains found at one site. [18] These are the remains, stone weapons and tools of prehistoric Krapina man. The holdings of the Croatian Natural History Museum comprise more than 250,000 specimens distributed among various different collections.
Museum of Technology
The Museum of Technology (18 Savska Street) was founded in 1954 and it maintains the oldest preserved machine in the area, dating from 1830, which is still operational. The museum exhibits numerous historic aircraft, cars, machinery and equipment. There are some distinct sections in the museum: the Planetarium, the Apisarium, the Mine (model of mines for coal, iron and non-ferrous metals, about 300 m long), and the Nikola Tesla study.[19]
Museum of the City of Zagreb
The Museum of the City of Zagreb (20 Opatička Street) was established in 1907 by the Association of the Braća Hrvatskog Zmaja. It is located in a restored monumental complex (Popov toranj, the Observatory, Zakmardi Granary) of the former Convent of the Poor Clares, of 1650.[20] The Museum deals with topics from the cultural, artistic, economic and political history of the city spanning from Roman finds to the modern period. The holdings comprise 75,000 items arranged systematically into collections of artistic and mundane objects characteristic of the city and its history.
Arts and Crafts Museum
The Arts and Crafts Museum (10 Marshal Tito Square) was founded in 1880 with the intention of preserving the works of art and craft against the new predominance of industrial products. With its 160,000 exhibits, the Arts and Crafts Museum is a national-level museum for artistic production and the history of material culture in Croatia.[21]
Ethnographic Museum
The Ethnographic Museum (14 Ivan Mažuranić Square) was founded in 1919. It lies in the fine Secession building of the one-time Trades Hall of 1903. The ample holdings of about 80,000 items cover the ethnographic heritage of Croatia, classified in the three cultural zones: the Pannonian, Dinaric and Adriatic.[22]
Mimara Museum
The museum called the "Art Collection of Ante and Wiltrud Topić Mimara" or, for short, the Mimara Museum (5 Roosevelt Square), was founded with a donation from Ante "Mimara" Topić and opened to the public in 1987. It is located in a late 19th century neo-Renaissance palace.[23] The holdings comprise 3,750 works of art of various techniques and materials, and different cultures and civilisations.
Croatian Naïve Art Museum
The Croatian Naïve Art Museum (works by Croatian primitivists at 3 Ćirilometodska Street) is considered to be the first museum of naïve art in the world. [citation needed] The museum keeps works of Croatian naïve expression of the 20th century. It is located in the 18th century Raffay Palace in the Gornji Grad. The museum holdings consist of 1500 works of art - paintings, sculptures, drawings and prints, mainly by Croatians but also by other well-known world artists.[24] From time to time, the museum organizes topics and retrospective exhibitions by naïve artists, expert meetings and educational workshops and playrooms.
Museum of Contemporary Art
The Museum of Contemporary Art was founded in 1954 and a rich collection of Croatian and foreign contemporary visual art has been collected throughout the decades. The Museum (2 St. Catherine's Square) is located in a space within the Kulmer Palace in the Gornji Grad. A new Museum building in Novi Zagreb has been under construction since 2003.[25] The Museum's permanent art collection will be presented to the public when it moves into its new building planned for 2007.
Other museums and galleries
Valuable historical collections are also found in the Croatian School Museum, the Croatian Hunting Museum, the Croatian Sports Museum, the Croatian Post and Telecommunications Museum, the HAZU (Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts) Glyptotheque (collection of monuments), and the HAZU Graphics Cabinet.
The Strossmayer's Old Masters Gallery (11 Zrinski Square) offers permanent holdings presenting European paintings from the 14th to 19th centuries,[26] and the Ivan Meštrović Studio, (8 Mletačka Street) with sculptures, drawings, lithography portfolios and other items, was a donation of this great artist to his homeland The Museum and Gallery Center (4 Jesuit Square) introduces on various occasions the Croatian and foreign cultural and artistic heritage. The Art Pavilion (22 King Tomislav Square) by Viennese architects Hellmer and Fellmer who were the most famous designers of theaters in Central Europe is a neo-classical exhibition complex and one of the landmarks of the downtown. The exhibitions are also held in the impressive Meštrović building on Zrtava Fašizma Square — the Home of Croatian Fine Artists. The World Center "Wonder of Croatian Naïve Art" (12 Ban Jelačić Square) exhibits masterpieces of Croatian naïve art as well as the works of a new generation of artists. The Modern Gallery (1 Hebrangova Street) comprises all relevant fine artists of the 19th and 20th centuries.
Other cultural sites and events
There are about 20 permanent or seasonal theaters and stages. The Croatian National Theater in Zagreb was built in 1895 and opened by emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. The most renowned concert hall is named "Vatroslav Lisinski", after the composer of the first Croatian opera was built in 1973.
Animafest, the World Festival of Animated Films, takes place every even-numbered year, and the Music Bienniale, the international festival of avant-garde music, every odd-numbered year. It also hosts the annual ZagrebDox documentary film festival. The Festival of the Zagreb Philharmonic and the flowers exhibition Floraart (end of May or beginning of June), the Old-timer Rally annual events. In the summer, theater performances and concerts, mostly in the Upper Town, are organized either indoors or outdoors. The stage on Opatovina hosts the Zagreb Histrionic Summer theater events.
Zagreb is also the host of Zagrebfest, the oldest Croatian pop-music festival, as well as of several traditional international sports events and tournaments. The Day of the City of Zagreb on the November 16 is celebrated every year with special festivities, especially on the Jarun lake near the southwestern part of the city.
Religious organizations
The Archdiocese of Zagreb is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Croatia, serving as its religious center. The current Archbishop is Josip Cardinal Bozanić.
Zagreb is also the Episcopal see of the Metropolitan of Zagreb, Ljubljana and all of Italy of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The current Metropolitan is Jovan.
Islamic religious organization of Croatia has the see in Zagreb. Current president is Mufti Ševko Omerbašić. A mosque used to be located at the Žrtava Fašizma Square, but it was relocated to the neighborhood of Borovje in Peščenica.
Surroundings
The wider Zagreb area has been continuously inhabited since the prehistoric period, as witnessed by archaeological findings in the Veternica cave from the Paleolithic and excavation of the remains of the Roman Andautonia near the present village of Ščitarjevo.
The picturesque former villages on the slopes of Medvednica, Šestine, Gračani and Remete, maintain their rich traditions, including folk costumes, Šestine umbrellas, and gingerbread products.
The Medvednica Mountain (Zagrebačka gora), with its highest peak Sljeme (1,033 m), provides a panoramic view of metropolitan Zagreb, the Sava and the Kupa valleys, and the region of Hrvatsko Zagorje. In mid-January 2005, Sljeme held its first World Ski Championship tournament.
From the summit, weather permitting, the vista reaches as far as Velebit Range along Croatia's rocky northern coast, as well as the snow-capped peaks of the towering Julian Alps in neighbouring Slovenia. There are several lodging villages, offering accommodation and restaurants for hikers. Skiers visit Sljeme, which has four ski-runs, three ski-lifts and a chairlift.
Old Medvedgrad, the recently restored medieval burg built in the 13th century, represents a special attraction of Medvednica hill. It overlooks the western part of the city and also has the Shrine of the Homeland, a memorial with an eternal flame, where Croatia pays reverence to all its heroes fallen for homeland in its history, customarily on national holidays. Travel agencies organize guided excursions to the surroundings as well as sightseeing in Zagreb itself.
Souvenirs and gastronomy
Numerous shops, boutiques, store houses and shopping centers offer a variety of quality clothing. Zagreb's offerings include crystal, china and ceramics, wicker or straw baskets, and top-quality Croatian wines and gastronomic products.
Notable Zagreb souvenirs are the tie or cravat, an accessory named after Croats who wore characteristic scarves around their necks in the Thirty Years' War in the 17th century and the ball-point pen, a tool developed from the inventions by Slavoljub Eduard Penkala, an inventor and a citizen of Zagreb.
Many Zagreb restaurants offer various specialities of national and international cuisine. Domestic products which deserve to be tasted include turkey, duck or goose with mlinci (a kind of pasta), štrukli (cottage cheese strudel), sir i vrhnje (cottage cheese with cream), kremšnite (custard slices in flaky pastry), and orehnjača (traditional walnut roll).
Recreation and sports
Sport centers
There are several sports and recreational centers in Zagreb. Recreational Sports Center Jarun, situated on Jarun Lake in the southwest of the city, has fine shingle beaches, a world-class regatta course, a jogging lane around the lake, several restaurants, many night clubs and a discotheque. Its sports and recreation opportunities include swimming, sunbathing, waterskiing, angling and other water sports, but also beach volleyball, football, basketball, handball, table tennis, and minigolf.
Dom Sportova, a sport center in northern Trešnjevka features six halls. The largest two can accommodate 12,000 and 4,000 people, respectively. This center is used for basketball, handball, volleyball, hockey, gymnastics, tennis, and many others. It is also used for concerts.
Zagreb Arena is going to be finished by the end of 2008. The construction started in July 2007. It will have 16,300 seats and it will be used for many sports and events.
The Dražen Petrović Basketball Hall seats 5,400 people. Alongside the hall is the 94-meter (310 ft) high glass Cibona Tower.
Sports Park Mladost, situated on the embankment of the Sava river, has an Olympic-size swimming pool, smaller indoor and outdoor swimming pools, a sunbathing terrace, 16 tennis courts as well as basketball, volleyball, handball, football and field hockey courts. A volleyball sports hall is within the park.
Sports and Recreational Center Šalata, located in Šalata, only a couple hundred meters from the Jelačić Square, is most attractive for tennis players. It comprises a big tennis court and eight smaller ones, two of which are covered by the so-called "balloon", and another two equipped with lights. The center also has swimming pools, basketball courts, football fields, a gym and fitness center, and a four-lane bowling alley. Outdoor ice skating is a popular winter recreation. There are also several fine restaurants within and near the center.
Maksimir Tennis Center, located in Ravnice east of downtown, consists of two sports blocks. The first comprises a tennis center situated in a large tennis hall with four courts. There are 22 outdoor tennis courts with lights. The other block offers multipurpose sports facilities: apart from tennis courts, there are handball, basketball and indoor football grounds, as well as track and field facilities, a bocci ball alley and table tennis opportunities.
Recreational swimmers can enjoy a smaller-size indoor swimming pool in Daničićeva Street, and a newly opened indoor Olympic-size pool at Utrine sports center in Novi Zagreb. Skaters can skate in the skating rink on Trg Sportova (Sports Square) and on the lake Jarun Skaters' park. Hippodrome Zagreb offers recreational horseback riding opportunities, while horse races are held every weekend during the warmer part of the year.
The 40,000-seat Maksimir Stadium, currently under renovation, is located in Maksimir in the northeastern part of the city. Upon renovation, it will seat 55,000 spectators, and sport a fully retractable roof. The stadium is part of the immense Svetice recreational and sports complex (ŠRC Svetice), south of the Maksimir Park. The complex covers an area of 276,440 m² (68 acres). It is part of a significant Green Zone, which passes from Medvednica Mountains in the north toward the south. ŠRC Svetice, together with Maksimir Park, creates an ideal connection of areas which are assigned to sport, recreation and leisure.
The latest larger recreational facility is Bundek, a group of two small lakes near the Sava in Novi Zagreb, surrounded by a partly forested park. The location had been used prior to the 1970s, but then went to neglect until 2006 when it was renovated.
Notable clubs from Zagreb
| Club | Leagues | Venue | Established | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NK Dinamo Zagreb | Croatian First Football League | Maksimir Stadium | 1911 Građanski, Formed in 1945 | |
| NK Zagreb | Croatian First Football League | Stadium Kranjčevićeva | 1903 | |
| NK Hrvatski Dragovoljac | Croatian Second Football League | Stadion u Sigetu | 1975 | |
| KK Cibona | Euroleague, NLB League (regional) and A1 Basketball League (national) | Dražen Petrović Basketball Hall | 1946 | |
| KK Zagreb | NLB League (regional) and A1 Basketball League (national) | Športska Dvorana Trnsko | 1970 | |
| KK Cedevita Zagreb | A1 Basketball League | Športska Dvorana Sutinska Vrela | 1991 | |
| RK Zagreb | Croatian First League of Handball | Dom Sportova | 1922 | |
| HAVK Mladost | Croatian First Water polo League | PVC Mladost na Savi | 1946 | |
| AOK Mladost | Croatian 1A Volleyball League | Dom Odbojke | 1945 | |
| HARK Mladost | Interleague (regional) and Croatian Rugby League | ŠRC Mladost | 1954 | |
| PK Medveščak | ŠRC Šalata | |||
| VK Medveščak | Croatian First Water polo League | ŠRC Šalata | 1946 | |
| Ski klub Medveščak | Sljeme |
Gallery
- Zagreb trg bana Jelačića.jpg
Ban Josip Jelačić main square
- Ban Jelacic Denkmal Zagreb.jpg
Statue of ban Josip Jelačić
- Manduševac1.jpg
Zdenac Manduševac on the Jelačić plac
- King Tomislav.jpg
Statue of King Tomislav
- Zdenac života (Meštrović) 1.jpg
Zdenac života of Ivan Meštrović in front of HNK
- Zageb Croatian National Theater.jpg
Croatian National Theater (HNK)
- Muzej Mimara.jpg
Mimara museum
- Leksikografski Zavod Miroslav Krleža.jpg
Lexicographic institute 'Miroslav Krleža'
- Uspinjaca.jpg
Funicular (Uspinjača)
- View from th Upper Town (Zargeb).jpg
Zagreb Cathedral (View from Gornji Grad)
- Zagreb skyline.jpg
The River Sava
- Zagreb sa Šalate.jpg
Zagreb viewed from Šalata neighborhood on a warm day
- Mblcnm.jpg
Neboder
- 15830b9.jpg
Neboder as seen from the upper town
- Zagreb at night.jpg
Zagreb at night
Notes and references
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 CITY OF ZAGREB 2006. City of Zagreb, Statistics Department. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 (Croatian)2007-10-26, "Vital Statistics in 2006", First Release, City of Zagreb, City Institute for Urban Planning, Statistics Department. Retrieved 2008-08-29
- ↑ Early Zagreb history. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Zagreb 17th and 18th century history. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Zagreb 19th to 20th century history. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Zagreb modern history. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Population statistics of the city of Zagreb
- ↑ About Zagreb Economy. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ 2007-02-22, "Gross Domestic Product for Republic of Croatia and Counties, 2004", First Release (no. 12.1.2.), Croatian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 2008-01-25
- ↑ (Croatian) Zagrebačka neto plaća 6.017 kuna (in Croatian). Suvremena.hr (2008-06-27). Retrieved 2008-07-30.
- ↑ (Croatian) Economic Profile of Zagreb Chamber of Commerce. Croatian Chamber of Commerce, Zagreb Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
- ↑ Blato i Lanište postaju najsuvremeniji dio Zagreba? (in Croatian). novi-zagreb.hr (2008-03-28). Retrieved 2008-07-27.
- ↑ Zagreb ethnic minorities (Census 2001). Retrieved 2007-01-20.
- ↑ Primary schools. Republic of Croatia, Ministry of science, education and sports. Retrieved 2007-09-27.
- ↑ Secondary schools. Republic of Croatia, Ministry of science, education and sports. Retrieved 2007-09-27.
- ↑ Higher education institutions. Republic of Croatia, Ministry of science, education and sports. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
- ↑ The History and Activities of the Archeological Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Croatian Natural History Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Tehnical Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Museum of the City of Zagreb. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Arts and Crafts Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Ethnographic Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Mimara Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ Croatian Naïve Art Museum. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ The Museum of Contemporary Art Zagreb. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
- ↑ About Strossmayer's Old Masters Gallery. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
External links
- Encyclopaedia Britannica Dubrovnik Retrieved September 17, 2008.
- World Fact Book 2008 Croatia Retrieved September 17, 2008.
- Official website of the City of Zagreb
- Zagreb Photo Galeries
- Croatian Museums and Galleries
- Zagreb picture gallery
- Pictures Zagreb
- Zagreb Fair
- Zagreb International airport
- Project Zagreb, ISBN 978-84-96540-57-6
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