Difference between revisions of "Mehmed VI" - New World Encyclopedia
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Turkish nationalists were angered by the Sultan's acceptance of the settlement. A new government, the [[Turkish Grand National Assembly]], under the leadership of [[Kemal Atatürk|Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk)]] had been formed on April 23, 1920, in [[Ankara]]. The government of Mehmed VI was denounced and a temporary constitution was drafted. | Turkish nationalists were angered by the Sultan's acceptance of the settlement. A new government, the [[Turkish Grand National Assembly]], under the leadership of [[Kemal Atatürk|Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk)]] had been formed on April 23, 1920, in [[Ankara]]. The government of Mehmed VI was denounced and a temporary constitution was drafted. | ||
| − | The nationalists' successes meant that the sultanate was abolished on November 1, 1922, and Mehmed left [[Istanbul]], aboard the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[warship]] [[HMS Malaya (1915)|''Malaya'']] on November 17. Bound for exile to [[Malta]], Mehmed later lived in the [[Italian Riviera]]. | + | The nationalists' successes meant that the sultanate was abolished on November 1, 1922, and Mehmed left [[Istanbul]], aboard the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[warship]] [[HMS Malaya (1915)|''Malaya'']] on November 17. |
| + | |||
| + | ==Exile== | ||
| + | Bound for exile to [[Malta]], Mehmed later lived in the [[Italian Riviera]]. | ||
He died on May 16, 1926 in [[Sanremo]], [[Italy]], and was buried at the mosque of Sultan [[Selim I]] in [[Damascus]].<ref>Freely, John - Inside the Seraglio, published 1999, Chapter 19: The Gathering Place of the Jinns</ref> On November 19, 1922 his first cousin and heir Abdülmecid Efendi was elected [[Caliph]], becoming the new head of the dynasty as [[Abdülmecid II]]. The Caliphate was abolished in 1924. Subsequent to this [[Sharif Hussein bin Ali]] declared himself to be caliph and Mehmed VI recognized him as such.{{Fact|date=April 2008}} | He died on May 16, 1926 in [[Sanremo]], [[Italy]], and was buried at the mosque of Sultan [[Selim I]] in [[Damascus]].<ref>Freely, John - Inside the Seraglio, published 1999, Chapter 19: The Gathering Place of the Jinns</ref> On November 19, 1922 his first cousin and heir Abdülmecid Efendi was elected [[Caliph]], becoming the new head of the dynasty as [[Abdülmecid II]]. The Caliphate was abolished in 1924. Subsequent to this [[Sharif Hussein bin Ali]] declared himself to be caliph and Mehmed VI recognized him as such.{{Fact|date=April 2008}} | ||
Revision as of 22:14, 19 December 2008
Mehmed VI, original name in Turkish Latin alphabet Mehmed Vahdettin (January 14 1861 – May 16 1926) was the 36th and last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1918–1922. The brother of Mehmed V who died in the closing days of the war, he succeeded to the throne as the eldest male member of the House of Osman after the 1916 suicide of Abdülâziz's son Yusuf Izzetin[1], the heir to the throne. He was girded with the Sword of Osman on July 4, 1918, as the thirty-sixth padishah.
Historical Context
World War I had been a disaster for the Ottoman Empire. British forces had occupied Baghdad and Jerusalem during the war and most of the Empire was to be divided among the European allies. At the San Remo conference of April 1920, the French had been given a mandate over Syria and the British had been given one over Palestine and Mesopotamia. On August 10, 1920, Mehmed's representatives signed the Treaty of Sèvres, which recognized the mandates, removed Ottoman control over Anatolia and İzmir, severely reduced the extent of Turkey, and recognized Hejaz as an independent state.
Turkish nationalists were angered by the Sultan's acceptance of the settlement. A new government, the Turkish Grand National Assembly, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) had been formed on April 23, 1920, in Ankara. The government of Mehmed VI was denounced and a temporary constitution was drafted.
The nationalists' successes meant that the sultanate was abolished on November 1, 1922, and Mehmed left Istanbul, aboard the British warship Malaya on November 17.
Exile
Bound for exile to Malta, Mehmed later lived in the Italian Riviera.
He died on May 16, 1926 in Sanremo, Italy, and was buried at the mosque of Sultan Selim I in Damascus.[2] On November 19, 1922 his first cousin and heir Abdülmecid Efendi was elected Caliph, becoming the new head of the dynasty as Abdülmecid II. The Caliphate was abolished in 1924. Subsequent to this Sharif Hussein bin Ali declared himself to be caliph and Mehmed VI recognized him as such.[citation needed]
Notes
ReferencesISBN links support NWE through referral fees
- Finkel, Caroline. 2006. Osman's dream: the story of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1923. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 9780465023967
- Fromkin, David, 1989. A Peace to End All Peace: The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East ISBN 0-8050-0857-8
- Goodwin, Jason. 1999. Lords of the horizons: a history of the Ottoman Empire. New York: H. Holt. ISBN 9780805040814
- Kinross, Patrick Balfour. 1977. The Ottoman centuries: the rise and fall of the Turkish empire. New York: Morrow. ISBN 9780688030933
- Quataert, Donald. 2000. The Ottoman Empire, 1700-1922. New approaches to European history, 17. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521633284
- Shaw, Stanford J., and Ezel Kural Shaw. 1976. History of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521212809
External links
Template:Commonscat-inline
| House of Osman Born: January 14, 1861; Died: May 16, 1926 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Regnal Titles
| ||
| Preceded by: Mehmed V |
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Jul 3, 1918 – Nov 1, 1922 |
Monarchy abolished |
| Sunni Islam titles | ||
| Preceded by: Mehmed V |
Caliph of Islam Jul 3, 1918 – Nov 19, 1922 |
Succeeded by: Abdülmecid II |
| Titles in pretence
| ||
| New Title Republic declared |
* NOT REIGNING * Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (Nov 1, 1922 – Nov 19, 1922) |
Succeeded by: Abdülmecid II |
| Sultans of the Ottoman Empire | |
|---|---|
| Rise (1299–1453) | Osman I - Orhan I - Murad I - Bayezid I - Mehmed I - Murad II - Mehmed II |
| Growth (1453–1683) | Bayezid II - Selim I - Suleiman I - Selim II - Murad III - Mehmed III - Ahmed I - Mustafa I - Osman II - Murad IV - Ibrahim I - Mehmed IV |
| Stagnation (1683–1827) | Suleiman II - Ahmed II - Mustafa II - Ahmed III - Mahmud I - Osman III - Mustafa III - Abdul Hamid I - Selim III - Mustafa IV - Mahmud II |
| Decline (1828–1908) | Abdülmecid - Abdülâziz - Murad V - Abdul Hamid II |
| Dissolution (1908–1923) | Mehmed V - Mehmed VI |
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