B. B. King

B. B. King
Background information
Birth name	Riley B. King
Also known as	B.B. King, Beale Street Blues Boy
Born	September 16 1925 (1925-09-16)
Origin	Itta Bena, Mississippi, USA
Genre(s)	Memphis blues, soul-blues, rhythm and blues
Occupation(s)	Musician, singer-songwriter
Instrument(s)	Vocals, guitar, piano
Years active	1947 – present
Label(s)	Bullet, RPM, ABC-Paramount, MCA, Geffen
Website	www.bbking.com
Notable instrument(s)
Lucille

B. B. King (born Riley B. King on September 16, 1925) is an American blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter, widely considered one of the greatest blues guitarists of all time.

King had a a large number of hits in the R&B market in the 1950s and early 60s, including such blues classics as "Sweet Little Angel," "Everyday I Have the Blues," and "Sweet Sixteen." In 1968 he broke into the mainstream with "Thrill Is Gone," which reached number three on the pop charts and won a Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance.

King's virtuoso guitar style strongly influenced the new generation of rock and blues guitarists, including Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, Stevie Ray Vaughn and many others. He is the recipient of numerous awards, including the President Medal of Freedom and the National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts.

King was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, one of the first artists to be honored by the museum. As of late 2008, he continued to perform regularly, having performed more than 15,000 dates in a career spanning over 50 years.

Career

Formative years

King was born on a cotton plantation in rural Mississippi in 1925. One of five children he moved with his mother to to the town of Kilmichael after his parents separated and lived with his grandmother after her death in 1935. He sang gospel music in church learned the rudiments of the guitar from a preacher. He also sang in a gospel group called the Elkhorn Jubilee Singers. He also listened to blues music on records by singers such as Lonnie Johnson and Blind Lemon Jefferson. King reports that he intended on a career in gospel music.

After being inducted into the army at age 18, King served locally and was able to hear live performances in Indianola, Mississippi by such diverse performers as Robert Nighthawk, Duke Ellington, and Count Basie, Sonny Boy Williamson and Robert Jr. Lockwood. Meanwhile, he started a new gospel group, the Famous St. John Gospel Singers, and played his guitar for tips in Indianola.

After WWII ended and King was released from the army, he traveled to Memphis, Tennessee, where his cousin, Delta bluesman Bukka White, lived. King and White played amateur performances, but King went back to Indianola after ten months. There he worked to develop his skills, and returned to Memphis two years later.

In addition to Delta bluesmen like White, King was also influenced by the recordings of a range of more citified guitarists from bluesman T-Bone Walker to jazz players like Django Reinhardt and Charlie Christian. As a singer, he cites Frank Sinatra as a major influence, adding a the sophisticated touch to his timing and delivery of traditional blues forms.

When he returned to Memphis, King initially worked at the local R&B radio channel WDIA as a singer. He also gained a reputation as an impressive guitarist, playing in Beale Street blues clubs collaborating with such singers like Bobby "Blue" Bland. King also worked as a disc jockey, where he gained the nickname "Beale Street Blues Boy," later shortened to "B. B."

Early recording years

B. B. King in concert in France

B. B. had debuted on Bullet Records by issuing the single "Miss Martha King" (1949), which received a bad review in Billboard magazine and did not chart well. In 1949, he began recording songs under contract with Los Angeles-based RPM Records, also recording for its Kent and Crown affilates.

In the 1950s, King became one of the most important names in R&B music. His first hit was his 12-bar, slow blues classic “Three O’Clock Blues,” which reached the top of rhythm & blues chart in 1951 for five weeks. He massed an impressive list of other hits including the R & B chart-toppers "You Upset Me Baby," "You Know I Love You, and "Please Love Me." More traditional blues classics recorded by King during this period included "When My Heart Beats like a Hammer," "Every Day I Have the Blues," "Five Long Years," "Sweet Little Angel, and others. In 1962, B.B. King signed to ABC-Paramount Records, which was later absorbed into MCA Records. He scored also major R&B hits during this period including his signature "Sweet Sixteen," and "Don't Answer the Door," both of which reached number two on the R&B chart. His 1965 Live at the Regal, album is considered a classic recorded concert which captures the dynamic interplay between the masterful King and his enthusiastic black audience.

Mainstream success

In the later 1960s, King began to attract the attention of white blues fans who particularly appreciated his guitar work. Top rock and blues guitarists like Mike Bloomfield, Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, and others cited him has a major influence, expanding his album sales to wider audience.

King's first major success outside the blues market was his 1969 remake of Roy Hawkins' tune "The Thrill Is Gone." King's version became a hit on both pop and R&B charts, which was rare at the time for a blues artist. The record won a Grammy and later gained the number 193 spot in Rolling Stone's Top 500 Songs Of All Time. King gained further rock visibility as an opening act on The Rolling Stones 1969 American Tour. His mainstream success continued throughout the 1970s with songs like "To Know You Is to Love You" and "I Like to Live the Love."

A legend in his time

By the 1980s, King had become a blues legend and was much in demand as a concert artist. The 1980s, 1990s and 2000s saw him recording less, but throughout this time he maintained a highly visible and active career, appearing on many television shows and performing 300 nights a year. He also received numerous prestigious awards from Grammy Awards to honorary doctorates and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

File:BBKing.jpg

B.B. King at Roy Thomson Hall, Toronto, ON, Canada

In 1988 King reached a new generation of fans with the single “When Love Comes To Town,” a collaborative effort between King and the Irish band U2 (on their Rattle and Hum album). In 1998 he appeared in "The Blues Brothers 2000," playing the part of the lead singer of the Louisiana Gator Boys, along with Eric Clapton, Dr. John, Koko Taylor, and Bo Diddley. In 2000, King teamed up with guitarist Eric Clapton to record Riding With the King. In 2003, King shared the stage with the rock band Phish in New Jersey, performing three of his classics and jamming with the band for over 45 minutes.

In June 2006, King was present at a memorialization of his first radio broadcast at the Three Deuces Building in Greenwood, Mississippi, where an official marker of the Mississippi Blues Trail was erected. He also made an appearance at the Crossroads Guitar Festival organized by Eric Clapton. On the DVD version of the event, he plays "Paying The Cost To Be The Boss" and "Rock Me Baby" with Robert Cray, Jimmie Vaughan, and Hubert Sumlin.

In June 2006, a groundbreaking was held for a new B. B. King Museum and Delta Interpretive Center in Indianola, Mississippi, which was scheduled to open in 2008.

Farewell tour and beyond

On March 29, 2006, King played at Ingland's Sheffield's Hallam Arena, the first date of his UK and European farewell tour. The British leg of the tour ended on April 4 with a final UK concert at Wembley Arena. He returned to Europe in July, playing twice in the fourtieth edition of the s Montreux Jazz Festival. He also appeared in Zürich at the Blues at Sunset on July 14. In November and December, King played six times in Brazil.

During a press conference on November 29 in São Paulo, a journalist asked King if that would be the "actual" farewell tour. He answered: "One of my favorite actors is a man from Scotland named Sean Connery. Most of you know him as James Bond, 007. He made a movie called "Never Say Never Again."

On July 28, 2007, B. B. King Played again at Eric Clapton's Crossroads Guitar Festival with 20 other guitarists to raise money for the Crossroads Center, Antigua for addictive disorders. As of late 2008, King was still touring energetically in the United Sates.

His album One Kind Favor, released in August 2008 was hailed by Rolling Stone magazine as "B.B. King's best album in years... [and] one of the strongest studio sets of his career."

Personal life

The B. B. King Blues Club in New York City

A licensed pilot, B. B. King also a vegetarian, non-drinker, and non-smoker, but admits to gambling. Delta Blues artist Bukka White is King's first cousin, and former heavyweight boxing champion Sonny Liston was King's uncle.

King has lived with Type II Diabetes for over 20 years and is a prominent spokesman in the fight against the disease, appearing in advertisements for diabetes-management products.

His favorite singer is Frank Sinatra, whom he has cited as a significant influence in this timing and delivery. King has also credited Sinatra for opening doors to black entertainers who were not given the chance to play in "white dominated" venues, including helping King get into main Las Vegas venues during the 1960s.

One of King's trademarks is "Lucille," the name he has given to his guitars since the 1950s. He gave his guitar this name after escaping from a club fire which was started during a fight over a woman named Lucille. When King escaped the club, he realized that he had left his guitar in the building and ran back inside to get it. He his guitar "Lucille" to remind himself never to behave so recklessly again.

King is associated with three B.B. King Blues Clubs in Memphis, Orlando, and Nashville, and the B.B. King Blues Club & Grill, Lucille Cafe in New York City.

Legacy

B.B. King in a recent concert

In a career lasting well over 50 years B. B., King played at least 15,000 performances. His guitar virtuoso stylings have influence subsequent generations of blues and rock guitarists probably more than any other single player.

King has made guest appearances in numerous popular television shows, including The Cosby Show, The Young and the Restless, General Hospital, The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, Sesame Street, Married With Children, and Sanford and Son. He is the subject of a biography, B.B. King: There is Always One More Time, by the noted New York-based music writer David McGee.

Honors and awards

• He was officially inducted 1987 into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, becoming one of the first artists to be honored by the museum.
• In 1991, B.B. King was awarded the National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts.
• King was awarded the Kennedy Center Honors in 1995 in recognition of "the lifelong accomplishments and extraordinary talents of our Nation's most prestigious artists."
• In 2004, he was awarded an honorary Ph.D from the University of Mississippi, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Music awarded him the Polar Music Prize, for his "significant contributions to the blues."
• On December 15, 2006, President George W. Bush awarded King the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
• King was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1990.
• As of 2006, he had won 14 Grammy Awards, of which nine have been the Grammy award for Best Traditional Blues Album. In 1971, he won the Grammy for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance (for "The Thrill is Gone"), which also garnered a Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1998.
• On May 27, 2007, he was awarded an honorary doctorate in music by Brown University.

Discography

Albums

Year	Album	!RIAA Certification
1957	Singin' the Blues (Crown Records)
1958	The Blues (Crown Records)
1960	My Kind of Blues
1965	Live at the Regal (live)
1968	Lucille
1969	Live & Well
	Completely Well
1970	Indianola Mississippi Seeds
1971	Live in Cook County Jail
	B. B. King in London
1972	Guess Who
1972	L.A. Midnight
1974	Together for the First Time (With Bobby 'Blue' Bland)	Gold
1975	Lucille Talks Back
1976	Bobby Bland and B. B. King Together Again...Live
1978	Midnight Believer
1979	Take It Home
1980	Now Appearing at Ole Miss (live)
1981	There Must Be a Better World Somewhere
1982	Love Me Tender
1983	Why I Sing the Blues
1985	Six Silver Strings
1990	B. B. King and Sons Live (live)
1991	Live at San Quentin
	Live at the Apollo (live)
	There is Always One More Time
	Bacon Double Cheeseburger
1992	King of the Blues
1995	Lucille & Friends
1997	Deuces Wild	Gold
1997	Best of King	Platinum
1998	Blues on the Bayou
1999	Live in Japan
	Let the Good Times Roll
2000	Riding with the King	2x Multi-Platinum
	Makin' Love Is Good for You
2003	Reflections
2005	The Ultimate Collection
	B. B. King & Friends: 80
2007	The Best of the Early Years
2008	Live
2008	One Kind Favor

Singles

Some data is currently unavailable for King's early singles

Name	Year	Chart
		R&B	Pop	Rock	UK
1949	"Miss Martha King" (Bullet)
1949	"Got the Blues"
1950	"Mistreated Woman" (RPM)
	"The Other Night Blues"
	"I Am"
	"My Baby's Gone"
1951	"B. B. Blues"
	"She's a Mean Woman"
	"Three O'Clock Blues"	#1|
1952	"Fine-Looking Woman"
	"Shake It Up and Go"
	"Someday, Somewhere"
	"You Didn't Want Me"
	"Story from My Heart and Soul"
1953	"Woke Up this Morning with a Bellyache"
	"Please Love Me"
	"Neighborhood Affair"
	"Why Did You Leave Me"
	"Praying to the Lord"
1954	"Love Me Baby"
	"Everything I Do Is Wrong"
	"When My Heart Beats Like a Hammer"
	"You Upset Me Baby"
1955	"Sneaking Around"	#14
	"Every Day I Have the Blues"	#8
	"Lonely and Blue"
	"Shut Your Mouth"
	"Talkin' the Blues"
	"What Can I Do (Just Sing the Blues)"
	"Ten Long Years"	#9
1956	"I'm Cracking Up Over You"
	"Crying Won't Help You"	#15
	"Did You Ever Love a Woman?"
	"Dark Is the Night, Pts. I & II"
	"Sweet Little Angel"	#6
	"Bad Luck"	#3
	"On My Word of Honor"	#3
1957	"Early in the Morning"
	"How Do I Love You"
	"I Want to Get Married"	#14
	"Troubles, Troubles, Troubles"	#13
	"(I'm Gonna) Quit My Baby"
	"Be Careful with a Fool"		#95
	"The Keyblade to My Kingdom"
1958	"Why Do Everything Happen to Me" (Kent)
	"Don't Look Now, But You Got the Blues"
	"Please Accept My Love"	#9
	"You've Been an Angel"	#16
	"The Fool"
1959	"A Lonely Lover's Plea"
	"Time to Say Goodbye"
	"Sugar Mama"
1960	"Sweet Sixteen, Pt. I"	#2
	"You Done Lost Your Good Thing"
	"Things Are Not the Same"
	"Bad Luck Soul"
	"Hold That Train"
1961	"Someday Baby"
	"Peace of Mind"	#7
	"Bad Case of Love"
1962	"Lonely"
	"I'm Gonna Sit Till You Give In" (ABC)
	"Down Now" (Kent)
1963	"The Road I Travel"
	"The Letter"
	"Precious Lord"
1964	"How Blue Can You Get" (ABC)		#97
	"You're Gonna Miss Me" (Kent)
	"Beautician Blues"
	"Help the Poor" (ABC)		#98
	"The Worst Thing in My Life" (Kent)
	"Rockabye Baby"		#34
	"The Hurt" (ABC)
	"Never Trust a Woman"		#90
	"Please Send Me Someone to Love"
	"Night Owl"
1965	"I Need You"
	"All Over Again"
	"I'd Rather Drink Muddy Water"
	"Blue Shadows" (Kent)
	"Just a Dream"
	"You're Still a Parallelogram" (ABC)
	"Broken Promise" (Kent)
1966	"Eyesight to the Blind"
	"Five Long Years"
	"Ain't Nobody's Business"
	"Don't Answer the Door, Pt. I" (ABC)	#2	#72
	"I Say in the Mood" (Kent)	#45
	"Waitin' for You" (ABC)
1967	"Blues Stay Away" (Kent)
	"The Jungle"
	"Growing Old"
1968	"Blues for Me"
	"I Don't Want You Cuttin' Off Your Hair" (Bluesway)
	"Shoutin' the Blues" (Kent)
	"Paying the Cost to Be the Boss" (Bluesway)	#10	#39
	"I'm Gonna Do What They Do to Me"	#26	#74
	"The B. B. Jones"		#98
	"You Put It on Me"	#25	#82
	"The Woman I Love"	#31	#94
1969	"Get Myself Somebody"
	"I Want You So Bad"
	"Get Off My Back Woman"	#32	#74
	"Why I Sing the Blues"	#13	#61
	"Just a Little Love"	#15	#76
	"I Want You So Bad"	#34
1970	"The Thrill Is Gone"	#3	#15
	"So Excited"	#14	#54
	"Hummingbird"	#25	#48
	"Worried Life"	#48
	"Ask Me No Questions" (ABC)	#18	#40
	"Chains and Things"	#6	#45
1971	"Nobody Loves Me But My Mother"
	"Help the Poor" (re-recording)	#36	#90
	"Ghetto Woman"	#18	#40
	"The Evil Child"	#34	#97
1972	"Sweet Sixteen" (re-recording)	#37	#93
	"I Got Some Help I Don't Need"	#28	#92
	"Ain't Nobody Home"	#28	#46
	"Guess Who"	#21	#62
1973	"To Know You Is to Love You"	#12	#38
1974	"I Like to Live the Love"	#6	#28
	"Who Are You"	#27	#78
	"Philadelphia"	#19	#64
1975	"My Song"
	"Friends"	#34
1976	"Let the Good Times Roll"	#20
1977	"Slow and Easy"	#88
1978	"Never Make a Move Too Soon"	#19
	"I Just Can't Leave Your Love Alone"	#90
1979	"Better Not Look Down"	#30
1981	"There Must Be a Better World Somewhere"	#91
1985	"Into the Night"	#15
	"Big Boss Man"	#62
1988	"When Love Comes to Town" (with U2)		#68	#2	#6
1992	"The Blues Come Over Me"	#63
	"Since I Met You Baby"				#59
2000	"Riding with the King" (with Eric Clapton)	#26

As-yet uncategorized recordings

1. Blues Summit; 1993
2. How Blue Can You Get? Live Performances; 1996
3. Take it Home; 1998
4. His Best - The Electric B.B. King; 1998
5. Greatest Hits; 1998
6. Forever Gold; 1999
7. Millennium Collection - 20th Century Masters; 1999
8. His Definitive Greatest Hits; app. 1999
9. Anthology; 2000
10. Live at San Quentin (Remastered); 2001
11. Here & There - The Uncollected B.B. King; 2001
12. A Christmas Collection of Hope; 2001
13. Blues is King; 2002
14. Christmas Collection - 20th Century Masters; 2003
15. Original Greatest Hits; 2005

Videography

1. The Electric B.B. King - His Best (1960)
2. Great Moments with B.B. King (1981)
3. The King of the Blues: 1989 (1988)
4. Got My Mojo Working (1989)
5. King of the Blues (Box Set, 1992)
6. Why I Sing the Blues (1992)
7. Martin Scorsese Presents the Blues: B.B. King; (2003)
8. Ultimate Collection (2005)
9. B.B. King: Live (2008)

See also

• Blues

External links

• Official B. B. King-website
• TV concert by B.B. King
• Video: The Thrill Is Gone (Live in Toronto)
• World Blues B. B. King websites
• 1980 King's Blues Foundation Hall of Fame induction

Credits

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