Difference between revisions of "United Nations Trusteeship Council" - New World Encyclopedia
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| − | {{ | + | {{Infobox UN |
| − | + | | name = United Nations Trusteeship Council | |
| − | + | | image = UN Trusteeship Council.jpg | |
| + | | caption = The chamber of the UN Trusteeship Council, [[United Nations headquarters|UN headquarters]], [[New York City|New York]] | ||
| + | | type = Principal Organ | ||
| + | | acronyms = | ||
| + | | head = ''President''<br /> | ||
| + | :[[Michel Duclos]] | ||
| + | :{{FRA}} | ||
| + | ''Vice-President''<br /> | ||
| + | :[[Adam Thomson (ambassador)|Adam Thomson]] | ||
| + | :{{UK}} | ||
| + | | status = Inactive (as of 1994) | ||
| + | | established = 1945 | ||
| + | | website = [http://www.un.org/documents/tc.htm www.un.org/documents/tc.htm] | ||
| + | | parent = | ||
| + | | subsidiaries = | ||
| + | | commons = | ||
| + | | footnotes = | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | The '''United Nations Trusteeship Council''', one of the principal organs of the [[United Nations]], was established to help ensure that non-self-governing territories were administered in the best interests of the inhabitants and of international peace and security. The [[United Nations Trust Territories|trust territories]] – most of them former [[League of Nations mandate|mandates]] of the [[League of Nations]] or territories taken from nations defeated at the end of [[World War II]] – have all now attained self-government or [[independence]], either as separate nations or by joining neighbouring independent countries. The last was [[Palau]], which became a [[United Nations member states|member state of the United Nations]] in December 1994. | |
| − | The [[ | + | ==History== |
| + | The Trusteeship Council was formed in 1945 to oversee the [[decolonization]] of those dependent territories that were to be placed under the international trusteeship system created by the [[United Nations Charter]] as a successor to the [[League of Nations]] mandate system. Ultimately, eleven territories were placed under trusteeship: seven in Africa and four in [[Oceania]]. Ten of the trust territories had previously been League of Nations mandates; the eleventh was [[Italian Somaliland]]. | ||
| − | In March 2005, however, UN Secretary General [[Kofi Annan]] proposed a sweeping [[reform of the United Nations]], including an expansion of the [[Security Council]]. As this restructuring would involve significant changes to the UN charter, Annan proposed the complete elimination of the Trusteeship Council as part of these reforms | + | [[Image:Trusteeship 1945 PA210127.JPG|200px|thumb|Trusteeship in 1945]] |
| + | [[Image:Trusteeship 2000 PA210129.JPG|200px|thumb|Trusteeship in 2000]] | ||
| + | Under the Charter, the Trusteeship Council was to consist of an equal number of United Nations Member States administering trust territories and non-administering states. Thus, the Council was to consist of (1) all U.N. members administering trust territories, (2) the five permanent members of the [[Security Council]], and (3) as many other non-administering members as needed to equalize the number of administering and non-administering members, elected by the [[United Nations General Assembly]] for renewable three-year terms. Over time, as trust territories attained independence, the size and workload of the Trusteeship Council was reduced and ultimately came to include only the five permanent Security Council members (China, France, the Soviet Union/Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States). | ||
| + | |||
| + | With the independence of [[Palau]], formerly part of the [[Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands]], in 1994, there presently are no trust territories, leaving the Trusteeship Council without responsibilities. (Since the [[Northern Mariana Islands]] was a part of the [[Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands]] and became a [[Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)|commonwealth]] of the USA in 1986, it is technically the only area to have not joined as a part of another state or gained full independence as a sovereign nation.) | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Trusteeship Council was not assigned responsibility for colonial territories outside the trusteeship system, although the Charter did establish the principle that member states were to administer such territories in conformity with the best interests of their inhabitants. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Present status== | ||
| + | Its mission fulfilled, the Trusteeship Council suspended its operation on [[1 November]] [[1994]], and although under the [[United Nations Charter]] it continues to exist on paper, its future role and even existence remains uncertain. The Trusteeship Council is currently ({{As of|2005|lc=on}}) headed by [[Michel Duclos]], with [[Adam Thomson (ambassador)|Adam Thomson]] as vice-president <ref>[http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2004/tr2426.doc.htm Trusteeship Council elects President, Vice-President; Adopts agenda for 64th session], United Nations Press Release TR/2426, [[20 October]] [[2004]]</ref>, although the sole current duty of these officers is to meet with the heads of other UN agencies on occasion. Initially they met annually, but according to a UN press release from their session in 2004: | ||
| + | <blockquote>The Council amended its rules of procedure to drop the obligation to meet annually and agreed to meet as the occasion required. It now meets by its own decision, the decision of its President, at a request from a majority of its members, or at a request from the General Assembly or Security Council.</blockquote> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Future prospects== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The formal elimination of the Trusteeship Council would require the revision of the UN Charter, which is why it hasn't been pursued. Other functions have been thought of. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Commission on Global Governance's [[1994]] report recommends an expansion of the trusteeship council{{Fact|date=September 2008}}. Their theory is that an international regulatory body is needed to protect environmental integrity on the two-thirds of the world’s surface that is outside national jurisdictions <ref>Shaw, John: [http://www.washdiplomat.com/01-11/a1_11_01.html UN Adviser Says World Must Focus On Sustainable Development], The Washington Diplomat</ref>. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In [[March 2005]], however, UN Secretary-General [[Kofi Annan]] proposed a sweeping [[reform of the United Nations#Removal of spent provisions|reform of the United Nations]], including an expansion of the [[Security Council]]. As this restructuring would involve significant changes to the UN charter, Annan proposed the complete elimination of the Trusteeship Council as part of these reforms <ref>[http://www.reuters.com/financeNewsArticle.jhtml?type=bondsNews&storyID=7953954 Main points of Annan's new UN reform plans], Reuters, [[20 March]] [[2005]]</ref>. <!----Link broken----> | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| − | *[[United Nations]] | + | *[[United Nations Trust Territories]] |
*[[United Nations Charter]] | *[[United Nations Charter]] | ||
*[[United Nations System]] | *[[United Nations System]] | ||
| − | |||
*[[UN General Assembly]] | *[[UN General Assembly]] | ||
*[[UN Security Council]] | *[[UN Security Council]] | ||
| − | |||
*[[UN Secretariat]] | *[[UN Secretariat]] | ||
*[[International Court of Justice]] | *[[International Court of Justice]] | ||
| + | *[[United Nations Interpretation Service]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| + | {{reflist}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==External links== | ||
*[http://www.un.org/documents/tc.htm Trusteeship Council UN web site] | *[http://www.un.org/documents/tc.htm Trusteeship Council UN web site] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
{{United Nations}} | {{United Nations}} | ||
| + | {{UN Charter}} | ||
[[Category:United Nations]] | [[Category:United Nations]] | ||
| + | [[ar:مجلس الوصاية]] | ||
| + | [[frp:Consèly de tutèla de l’ONU]] | ||
| + | [[cs:Poručenská rada OSN]] | ||
[[de:UN-Treuhandrat]] | [[de:UN-Treuhandrat]] | ||
| − | [[fr:Conseil de tutelle | + | [[el:Συμβούλιο Κηδεμονιών]] |
| − | [[ | + | [[es:Consejo de Administración Fiduciaria de las Naciones Unidas]] |
| + | [[fr:Conseil de tutelle des Nations unies]] | ||
| + | [[ko:국제 연합 신탁통치이사회]] | ||
| + | [[id:Dewan Perwalian Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]] | ||
| + | [[he:מועצת הנאמנות של האומות המאוחדות]] | ||
| + | [[jv:Dewan Perwalian PBB]] | ||
[[ka:გაეროს სამეურვეო საბჭო]] | [[ka:გაეროს სამეურვეო საბჭო]] | ||
[[nl:Trustschapsraad]] | [[nl:Trustschapsraad]] | ||
| + | [[ja:国際連合信託統治理事会]] | ||
[[no:FNs forvaltningsråd]] | [[no:FNs forvaltningsråd]] | ||
[[pl:Rada Powiernicza ONZ]] | [[pl:Rada Powiernicza ONZ]] | ||
| + | [[ru:Совет по опеке ООН]] | ||
[[sl:Skrbniški svet OZN]] | [[sl:Skrbniški svet OZN]] | ||
| − | [[zh: | + | [[sr:Старатељски савет Уједињених нација]] |
| − | {{Credit| | + | [[sh:Starateljski savjet Ujedinjenih naroda]] |
| + | [[sv:Förvaltarskapsrådet]] | ||
| + | [[th:คณะมนตรีภาวะทรัสตีแห่งสหประชาชาติ]] | ||
| + | [[uk:Рада з Опіки ООН]] | ||
| + | [[zh:聯合國託管理事會]] | ||
| + | {{Credit|256112449}} | ||
Revision as of 02:52, 8 December 2008
Template:Infobox UN
The United Nations Trusteeship Council, one of the principal organs of the United Nations, was established to help ensure that non-self-governing territories were administered in the best interests of the inhabitants and of international peace and security. The trust territories – most of them former mandates of the League of Nations or territories taken from nations defeated at the end of World War II – have all now attained self-government or independence, either as separate nations or by joining neighbouring independent countries. The last was Palau, which became a member state of the United Nations in December 1994.
History
The Trusteeship Council was formed in 1945 to oversee the decolonization of those dependent territories that were to be placed under the international trusteeship system created by the United Nations Charter as a successor to the League of Nations mandate system. Ultimately, eleven territories were placed under trusteeship: seven in Africa and four in Oceania. Ten of the trust territories had previously been League of Nations mandates; the eleventh was Italian Somaliland.
Under the Charter, the Trusteeship Council was to consist of an equal number of United Nations Member States administering trust territories and non-administering states. Thus, the Council was to consist of (1) all U.N. members administering trust territories, (2) the five permanent members of the Security Council, and (3) as many other non-administering members as needed to equalize the number of administering and non-administering members, elected by the United Nations General Assembly for renewable three-year terms. Over time, as trust territories attained independence, the size and workload of the Trusteeship Council was reduced and ultimately came to include only the five permanent Security Council members (China, France, the Soviet Union/Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States).
With the independence of Palau, formerly part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, in 1994, there presently are no trust territories, leaving the Trusteeship Council without responsibilities. (Since the Northern Mariana Islands was a part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and became a commonwealth of the USA in 1986, it is technically the only area to have not joined as a part of another state or gained full independence as a sovereign nation.)
The Trusteeship Council was not assigned responsibility for colonial territories outside the trusteeship system, although the Charter did establish the principle that member states were to administer such territories in conformity with the best interests of their inhabitants.
Present status
Its mission fulfilled, the Trusteeship Council suspended its operation on 1 November 1994, and although under the United Nations Charter it continues to exist on paper, its future role and even existence remains uncertain. The Trusteeship Council is currently (as of 2005) headed by Michel Duclos, with Adam Thomson as vice-president [1], although the sole current duty of these officers is to meet with the heads of other UN agencies on occasion. Initially they met annually, but according to a UN press release from their session in 2004:
The Council amended its rules of procedure to drop the obligation to meet annually and agreed to meet as the occasion required. It now meets by its own decision, the decision of its President, at a request from a majority of its members, or at a request from the General Assembly or Security Council.
Future prospects
The formal elimination of the Trusteeship Council would require the revision of the UN Charter, which is why it hasn't been pursued. Other functions have been thought of.
The Commission on Global Governance's 1994 report recommends an expansion of the trusteeship council[citation needed]. Their theory is that an international regulatory body is needed to protect environmental integrity on the two-thirds of the world’s surface that is outside national jurisdictions [2].
In March 2005, however, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan proposed a sweeping reform of the United Nations, including an expansion of the Security Council. As this restructuring would involve significant changes to the UN charter, Annan proposed the complete elimination of the Trusteeship Council as part of these reforms [3].
See also
- United Nations Trust Territories
- United Nations Charter
- United Nations System
- UN General Assembly
- UN Security Council
- UN Secretariat
- International Court of Justice
- United Nations Interpretation Service
ReferencesISBN links support NWE through referral fees
- ↑ Trusteeship Council elects President, Vice-President; Adopts agenda for 64th session, United Nations Press Release TR/2426, 20 October 2004
- ↑ Shaw, John: UN Adviser Says World Must Focus On Sustainable Development, The Washington Diplomat
- ↑ Main points of Annan's new UN reform plans, Reuters, 20 March 2005
External links
| The United Nations | 
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UN System | |
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ar:مجلس الوصاية frp:Consèly de tutèla de l’ONU cs:Poručenská rada OSN de:UN-Treuhandrat el:Συμβούλιο Κηδεμονιών es:Consejo de Administración Fiduciaria de las Naciones Unidas fr:Conseil de tutelle des Nations unies ko:국제 연합 신탁통치이사회 id:Dewan Perwalian Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa he:מועצת הנאמנות של האומות המאוחדות jv:Dewan Perwalian PBB ka:გაეროს სამეურვეო საბჭო nl:Trustschapsraad ja:国際連合信託統治理事会 no:FNs forvaltningsråd pl:Rada Powiernicza ONZ ru:Совет по опеке ООН sl:Skrbniški svet OZN sr:Старатељски савет Уједињених нација sh:Starateljski savjet Ujedinjenih naroda sv:Förvaltarskapsrådet th:คณะมนตรีภาวะทรัสตีแห่งสหประชาชาติ uk:Рада з Опіки ООН zh:聯合國託管理事會
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