Rudolf Dreikurs
Rudolf Dreikurs (February 8 1897, Vienna - May 25 1972, Chicago) was an American psychiatrist and educator who developed psychologist Alfred Adler's system of individual psychology into a pragmatic method for understanding the purposes of reprehensible behaviour in children and for stimulating cooperative behaviour without punishment or reward.
Life
Work
Rudolf Dreikurs was one of Alfred Adler's student and colleague, who completed Adler's lecture tour upon his death in 1939. He then began his own mission to promote Adler's Individual Psychology through lectures in prisons, schools, and health care settings.
He suggested that human misbehavior is the result of not having one of four basic human needs met: power, attention, revenge and avoidance of failure.
Dreikurs' main theory dealt with misbehavior of pre-adolescents. He reasoned that these students will “act out” based on four, principled, "mistaken goals." The first reason for their misbehavior is that they desire attention. If they do not receive the attention they crave through their actions (good or bad, e.g doing well on a paper or throwing a tantrum), they move onto seeking power (e.g. they may refuse to complete a paper). If their power struggle is thwarted, they try to get revenge. If even revenge does not get the desired response, they begin to feel inadequate. His books list many ways to combat these behaviors. His overall goal was that students would learn to cooperate reasonably without being penalized or rewarded because they would feel that they are valuable contributors to the classroom.
Publications
- Dreikurs, Rudolf. (1958). THE CHALLENGE OF PARENTHOOD. New York, Duell, Sloan and Peirce. ISBN: 0801511836.
- Dreikurs, Rudolf, PSYCHOLOGY IN THE CLASSROOM • Publisher: Harpercollins College Div; 2nd edition (June 1968) ISBN: 0060417560.
- Dreikurs, Rudolf and Soltz, Vicki, CHILDREN THE CHALLENGE. • Plume; Reissue edition (December 26, 1991) ISBN: 0452266556
- Dreikurs, Rudolf and Grey, Loren, LOGICAL CONSEQUENCES: A NEW APPROACH TO DISCIPLINE. • Publisher: Meredith Press; [1st ed.] edition (1968)
ASIN: B0006BW1PU
- Dreikurs, Rudolf, Grunwald, Bernice,, and Pepper, Floy, MAINTAINING SANITY IN THE CLASSROOM: ILLUSTRATED TEACHING TECHNIQUES. • Publisher: Routledge; 2nd edition (February 1, 1998) ISBN: 1560327278
- Dreikurs, Rudolf. The Challenge of Marriage . Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group; 3Rev Ed edition (November 1, 1998) • ISBN: 156032662X
- Dreikurs, Rudolf.Encouraging Children to Learn by Rudolf Dreikurs, Don, Sr. Dinkmeyer. • Publisher: Behavioral Science; 1 edition (July 28, 2000)
ISBN: 1583910824
Legacy
In 1952, Dreikurs founded the Alfred Adler Institute, now called the Adler School of Professional Psychology, in Chicago. As part of the Institute's mission, Dreikurs and his colleagues, including Bernard Shulman, M.D., Harold Mosak, Ph.D., and Robert Powers, traveled the United States and Canada and established Adlerian training that continues today. Dreikurs' wife, Sadie "Tee" Dreikurs, combined her passions for art and Adlerian psychology and created one of the first art therapy training programs in the country. Ms. Dreikurs' student, Judy Sutherland, Ph.D., now directs the Adler School's Master of Arts program in art therapy, which is one of the School's most successful programs today.
The Adler School continues to apply Adler's principles and concepts to attempt to solve today's social problems. The School's curricula prepare professionals to alleviate social and global concerns as well as to address the needs of marginalized and underserved populations. The Dreikurs Center offers training to students as well as provides services to the community through its Chicago Loop clinic, through prisons, schools, and other settings.
External links
Credits
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