Difference between revisions of "Hwaom sect" - New World Encyclopedia
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===Foundation of Buddhism in Korea=== | ===Foundation of Buddhism in Korea=== | ||
− | Buddhism entered Korea from China in the 4th century, and developed its own character, influenced by elements of Shamanism, Korea's indiginous religion, and guided by great teachers who arose among Korea's Buddhists. Wonhyo (617-686) sought | + | Buddhism entered Korea from China in the 4th century, and developed its own character, influenced by elements of Shamanism, Korea's indiginous religion, and guided by great teachers who arose among Korea's Buddhists. Wonhyo 元曉 (617-686) sought to eliminate disputes about which doctrines are superior to others by teaching that doctrines are not an end in and of themselves, but a way to lead believers to understand that the world is temporal; that all phenomena are products of the mind. He was also committed to making Buddhism approachable for all people, not only the aristocrats; he worked to make Buddhism practical so that the common people could understand it too. The result of Wonhyo's influence on Korean Buddhism produced [[Tongbulgyo]] or ("interpenetrated Buddhism"). |
− | ===Huayen Buddhim from China | + | ===Huayen Buddhim comes to Korea== |
+ | About the same time, [[Uisang]] 義湘 (625-702) returned from China bringing Huayen Buddhism from China, where he had been studying with [[Zhiyan]]. Central to Huayen Buddhism, or Hwaeom, as it is called in Korean, there is a harmony and universal order to the world, and if a person is able to recognize that order, all conflicts and tensions are elimnated. Three main symbols of the core of Hwaeom thought are Taeil Yorae (Mahavairocana), the symbol of light, Kwanum Posal, the Bodhisattva of compassion (Avalokitesvara) and Munsu Posal, the Bodhasattva of wisdom (Manjusri). Statues of these three can often be found in the main hall of of buddhist temples, with compassion on the left and wisdom on the right. | ||
− | + | The greatest lasting impact of the Huayan school was to be seen in Korea, where it was transmitted by [[Uisang]] , who had been, along with [[Fazang]], a student of After Uisang returned to Korea in 671, he worked vigorously toward the establishment of the Hwaeom school on the peninsula. In this effort, he was greatly aided by the powerful influences of his friend [[Wonhyo]] , who although not an official representative of the school, relied deeply on Hwaeom metaphysical principles to establish his concept of [[interpenetrated Buddhism]] 通佛教. | |
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− | The greatest lasting impact of the Huayan school was to be seen in Korea, where it was transmitted by [[Uisang]] | ||
After the passing of these two early monks, the Hwaeom school became strongly established under the influence of a long series of Hwaeom masters. The Hwaeom school remained in the position of predominant doctrinal school in Korea up till the end of the Goryeo period, when it was placed into a forced merger with the [[Seon]] school 禪宗. Within the Seon school, Hwaeom thought would continue to play a strong role, and continues as such to modern times. | After the passing of these two early monks, the Hwaeom school became strongly established under the influence of a long series of Hwaeom masters. The Hwaeom school remained in the position of predominant doctrinal school in Korea up till the end of the Goryeo period, when it was placed into a forced merger with the [[Seon]] school 禪宗. Within the Seon school, Hwaeom thought would continue to play a strong role, and continues as such to modern times. |
Revision as of 11:54, 30 August 2007
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Hwaeom is the Korean name for the Flower Garland school of Buddhism, best known as the Huayan school of Chinese Buddhism that developed as part of the Mahāyāna branch. Buddhism first began in India, and as it spread to other areas, distinct branches developed. The Mahāyāna branch, which developed later than the Theravada branch, developed in China, and is found today primarily in China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea. In Korea, the major schools in the Mahāyāna branch are the Zen or Seon School, which focuses on meditation; the Pure Land or Jeongtojong School and the Hwaeom School, which emphasizes doctrine.
Foundation of Buddhism in Korea
Buddhism entered Korea from China in the 4th century, and developed its own character, influenced by elements of Shamanism, Korea's indiginous religion, and guided by great teachers who arose among Korea's Buddhists. Wonhyo 元曉 (617-686) sought to eliminate disputes about which doctrines are superior to others by teaching that doctrines are not an end in and of themselves, but a way to lead believers to understand that the world is temporal; that all phenomena are products of the mind. He was also committed to making Buddhism approachable for all people, not only the aristocrats; he worked to make Buddhism practical so that the common people could understand it too. The result of Wonhyo's influence on Korean Buddhism produced Tongbulgyo or ("interpenetrated Buddhism").
=Huayen Buddhim comes to Korea
About the same time, Uisang 義湘 (625-702) returned from China bringing Huayen Buddhism from China, where he had been studying with Zhiyan. Central to Huayen Buddhism, or Hwaeom, as it is called in Korean, there is a harmony and universal order to the world, and if a person is able to recognize that order, all conflicts and tensions are elimnated. Three main symbols of the core of Hwaeom thought are Taeil Yorae (Mahavairocana), the symbol of light, Kwanum Posal, the Bodhisattva of compassion (Avalokitesvara) and Munsu Posal, the Bodhasattva of wisdom (Manjusri). Statues of these three can often be found in the main hall of of buddhist temples, with compassion on the left and wisdom on the right.
The greatest lasting impact of the Huayan school was to be seen in Korea, where it was transmitted by Uisang , who had been, along with Fazang, a student of After Uisang returned to Korea in 671, he worked vigorously toward the establishment of the Hwaeom school on the peninsula. In this effort, he was greatly aided by the powerful influences of his friend Wonhyo , who although not an official representative of the school, relied deeply on Hwaeom metaphysical principles to establish his concept of interpenetrated Buddhism 通佛教.
After the passing of these two early monks, the Hwaeom school became strongly established under the influence of a long series of Hwaeom masters. The Hwaeom school remained in the position of predominant doctrinal school in Korea up till the end of the Goryeo period, when it was placed into a forced merger with the Seon school 禪宗. Within the Seon school, Hwaeom thought would continue to play a strong role, and continues as such to modern times.
See also
- Hwaeomsa (Hwaeom Temple)
- List of Korea-related topics
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