Gypsy Rose Lee

Gypsy Rose Lee
Gypsy Rose Lee in the film Stage Door Canteen (1943)
Date of birth:
Birth location:	Seattle, Washington
Date of death:	April 26 1970
Death location:	Los Angeles, California

Gypsy Rose Lee (also known as Rose Louise Hovick and Louise Hovick) (February 9, 1911 – April 26, 1970) was an American actress, burlesque entertainer, and writer whose 1957 memoir, which included a scathing portrait of her domineering mother, was made into the stage musical and film Gypsy. She was a supporter of the Popular front movement in the Spanish Civil War and raised money for charity to alleviate the suffering of children during the conflict which preceded World War II. In 1969, she performed for American troops in Vietnam. Despite her own difficult childhood, and her relationship with her mother, her spirit matured into a generous, humane and warm-hearted woman. She did what she had to do to climb up the show-biz ladder, and is credited in her early days with making the strip-tease into a sophisticated act. Her talent was not only interpreting others' work; she wrote successful novels and plays as well as her famous autobiography.

Early life

Born as Rose Louise Hovick in Seattle, Washington in 1911, Gypsy was initially known by her middle name, Louise. Her mother, Rose Thompson Hovick, was fifteen when she married John Hovick, who, according to Rose's birth certificate, was an ad salesman with a newspaper. A second daughter, Ellen Hovick (better known as actress June Havoc), was born several years later.

Rose T. Hovick divorced her husband John leaving the family financially distraught. The girls earned the family's money by appearing in vaudeville where June's talent shone while Louise remained in the background. At the age of 16, June married a boy in the act named Bobby Reed, whom Mother Rose had arrested and met at the police station with a hidden gun. She pulled the trigger but the safety was on and Bobby was freed. June left the act and went on to a brief career in marathon dancing before starting a family with her husband in 1930.

Career success

Lee's singing and dancing talents were insufficient to sustain the act without June. Eventually, it became apparent that Louise could earn money in burlesque, which earned her legendary status. Her innovations were an almost casual strip style, compared to the herky-jerky styles of most burlesque strippers (she emphasized the "tease" in "striptease") and she brought a sharp sense of humor into her act as well. She became as famous for her onstage wit as for her strip style, and—changing her stage name to Gypsy Rose Lee—she became one of the biggest stars of Minsky's Burlesque, where she performed for four years. She was frequently arrested in raids against the Minsky brothers' shows.

Gypsy Rose Lee had relationships with an assortment of characters from comedian Rags Ragland to Eddy Braun. She eventually traveled to Hollywood, where she was billed as Louise Hovick and she married Arnold "Bob" Mizzy on August 25, 1937 at the insistence of the film studio. Her acting was not well received; So she returned to New York City and invested in Michael Todd. She eventually appeared as an actress in many of his film productions.

Trying to describe what Lee was (a "high-class" stripper), H. L. Mencken coined the term ecdysiast. Her style of intellectual recitation while stripping was spoofed in the number "Zip!" from Rodgers and Hart's Pal Joey, a play in which her sister June appeared. Gypsy can be seen performing an abbreviated version of her act in the 1943 film, Stage Door Canteen.

In 1941, Lee authored a mystery thriller called The G-String Murders which was made into the 1943 film Lady of Burlesque starring Barbara Stanwyck. While some assert this was in fact ghost-written by Craig Rice there are also those who suggest that there is more than sufficient written evidence in the form of manuscripts and Lee's own correspondence to prove she wrote a large part of the novel herself under the guidance of Rice and others, including her friend and mentor, the editor George Davis. Lee's second murder mystery, Mother Finds a Body, was published in 1942.

Relationships

In love with Michael Todd and in an attempt to make him jealous, Gypsy Lee married William Alexander Kirkland in 1942. They divorced in 1944. While married to Kirkland, she gave birth to a son fathered by Otto Preminger; he was named Erik Lee, and has been known successively as Erik Kirkland, Erik de Diego, and Erik Preminger. Gypsy Lee was married for a third time in 1948 to Julio de Diego, but they eventually divorced.

Gypsy and June, who also became a successful performer, continued to get demands for money from their mother, who had opened a lesbian boardinghouse in a ten-room apartment on West End Avenue in New York City. This property and a farm in Highland Mills, New York, had been rented for Mother Rose by Gypsy Lee. Mother Rose shot and killed one of her guests (according to Erik Preminger, she killed her own lover, who had made a pass at Gypsy) at the boardinghouse. This incident was explained as a suicide. As Mother Rose was dying of colon cancer, her final words, in 1954, were for Gypsy Lee: "Wherever you go... I'll be right there. When you get your own private kick in the ass, just remember: it's a present from me to you."

Later years

Gypsy Rose Lee in 1956

With their mother dead, the sisters now felt free to write about her without risking a lawsuit. Gypsy's memoirs, titled Gypsy, were published in 1957 and were taken as inspirational material for the Jule Styne, Stephen Sondheim, and Arthur Laurents musical Gypsy: A Musical Fable. Sister June did not like the way she was portrayed in the piece, but she was eventually persuaded not to oppose it for her sister's sake. The play and the subsequent movie deal assured Gypsy a steady income. The sisters became estranged. June, in turn, wrote Early Havoc and More Havoc, relating her version of the story.

Gypsy Rose Lee went on to host an AM San Francisco KGO-TV television talk show, Gypsy. A smoker, she was diagnosed in 1969 with metastatic lung cancer, which prompted her to reconcile with June before her death. "This is my present, you know," she reportedly told June. "My present from Mother."

The walls of her Los Angeles home were adorned with pictures by Joan Miro, Pablo Picasso, Marc Chagall, Max Ernst, and Dorothea Tanning, all of which were reportedly gifts to her by the artists themselves. Like Picasso, she was a supporter of the Popular front movement in the Spanish Civil War and raised money for charity to alleviate the suffering of children during the conflict which preceded World War II.

Lee died in Los Angeles, aged either 56 or 59, and was buried in Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California.

Trivia

• In May 1955 the Lancaster & Chester Railway Co. of South Carolina Board of Directors appointed her "Vice-President in charge of Unveiling." ("The Official Guide of the Railways and Steam Navigation Lines of the United States") May 1955, Page 543.
• She was referenced in the 1973 Tony Orlando & Dawn hit "Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose?."
• American punk band The Distillers had a track named after her on their debut album.
• In Gypsy: A Musical Fable, the role of Lee's mother Rose has been played on Broadway by Ethel Merman, Angela Lansbury, Tyne Daly, Bernadette Peters; on film by Rosalind Russell and on American television by Bette Midler.

Filmography

• You Can't Have Everything - 1937
• Ali Baba Goes to Town - 1937
• Sally, Irene and Mary - 1938
• Battle of Broadway - 1938
• My Lucky Star - 1938
• Stage Door Canteen - 1943
• Belle of the Yukon - 1944
• Babes in Bagdad - 1952
• The Screaming Mimi - 1958
• Wind Across the Everglades - 1958
• The Stripper - 1963
• The Trouble with Angels - 1966
• Around the World of Mike Todd - 1968

Television

• Think Fast - 1949
• The Gypsy Rose Lee Show - 1958
• Who Has Seen the Wind? - 1965
• Gypsy - 1965
• Batman - 1966
• The Pruitts of Southampton - 1966
• The Over-the-Hill Gang - 1969

Published Works

• Gypsy, A Memoir - 1957
• The G-String Murders (novel) - 1942
• Mother Finds a Body (novel) - 1942
• The Naked Genius(play) - 1943
• Doll Face (play) - 1945

References

ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

• Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980 A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland reference library of the humanities, vol. 371. New York: Garland Pub, 1984. ISBN 9780824092191
• Preminger, Erik Lee. Gypsy & Me At Home and on the Road with Gypsy Rose Lee. Boston: Little, Brown, 1984. ISBN 9780316717762
• Tippins, Sherill. February House. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2005. ISBN 9780618419111

External links

• Rose and June
• Gypsy Rose Lee
• Gypsy Rose Lee on You Tube

Credits

New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:

• Gypsy Rose Lee  ^history

The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:

• History of "Gypsy Rose Lee"

Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.