Humanitarian aid

File:Durres airport supplies.jpg

Humanitarian aid arriving by plane at Rinas Airport in Albania in the summer of 1999. Many organizations engaged in assisting refugees fleeing Kosovo.

A distribution point for humanitarian aid in Southern Kosovo in 1999. In this case, food donated by USAID to an international NGO is being distributed by a local NGO to recipient families. Note the cans of cooking oil and sacks of flour being broken down into family sized rations by distribution point volunteers.

U.S. Army Sgt. Kornelia Rachwal gives a young Pakistani girl a drink of water as they are airlifted from Muzaffarabad to Islamabad, Pakistan, aboard a U.S. Army CH-47 Chinook helicopter on the 19 October

Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian crises. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity. It may therefore be distinguished from development aid, which seeks to address the underlying socioeconomic factors which may have led to a crisis or emergency.

Humanitarian response

Humanitarian aid is delivered by governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and other non-governmental humanitarian agencies according to humanitarian principles set out in Resolution 46/182 of the United Nations General Assembly (for governments and UN agencies), and in Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and NGOs in Disaster Relief (for NGHAs).

Funding

They are funded by donations from individuals, corporations, governments and other organizations. The funding and delivery of humanitarian aid is increasingly being organized at an international level to facilitate faster and more effective responses to major emergencies affecting large numbers of people (eg. see Central Emergency Response Fund). The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) coordinates the international humanitarian response to a crisis or emergency pursuant to Resolution 46/182 of the United Nations General Assembly.

Standards

The Sphere Project handbook, Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response, which was produced by a coalition of leading non governmental humanitarian agencies, lists the following principles of humanitarian action:

• The right to life with dignity
• The distinction between combatant and non-combatants
• The principle of non-refoulement

The Quality Project, based on the Quality Compass, is an alternative project to Sphere, taking into account the side effects of standardization and those of an appraoch based on "minima" rather than the pursuit of quality. This project is leaded by Groupe URD.

Safety

Every organization participating of humanitarian aid operations, has its own particular rules, regulations and preventive plans of action for keeping their aid workers as safe as possible. Nevertheless, the dangers and threats inherent to these kind of operations have always existed and are not easy to minimize as each field of operation is unique. Even in areas with relative calm and tranquility, violence can suddenly appear.

References

ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

• Minear, Larry. The Humanitarian Enterprise Dilemmas and Discoveries. Bloomfield, Conn: Kumarian Press, 2002. ISBN 1565491491
• Waters, Tony. Bureaucratizing the Good Samaritan The Limitations to Humanitarian Relief Operation. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2001. ISBN 0813367905

See also

• Attacks on humanitarian workers
• Timeline of events in humanitarian relief and development

Organisations

• Médecins Sans Frontières, MSF (Doctors Without Borders)
• Mercy Corps
• AmeriCares
• CARE
• International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

Organization types

• Foundation
• Community service
• Non-profit organizations
• Non-governmental organizations

External links

All links retrieved November 28, 2007.

• Networks
  • The Sphere Project
  • Aid Workers Network
  • UN ReliefWeb
• News media
  • AlertNet
  • IRIN
• Academia
  • The Center for Disaster and Humanitarian Assistance Medicine (CDHAM)
  • The ODI Humanitarian Policy Group
• Critiques of Humanitarian Aid
  • A Bed for the Night: Humanitarianism in Crisis - interview with David Rieff and Joanne Myers
  • Post-Modern Conflict and Humanitarian Action: Questioning the Paradigm - Sean Greenaway, Journal of Humanitarian Assistance.

Credits

New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:

• Humanitarian_aid  ^history

The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:

• History of "Humanitarian aid"

Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.