Difference between revisions of "Hull House" - New World Encyclopedia

From New World Encyclopedia
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[[Category:Politics and social sciences]]
 
[[Category:Politics and social sciences]]
 
[[Category:Social work]]
 
[[Category:Social work]]
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<!--This article uses the Cite.php citation mechanism. If you would like more information on how to add references to this article, please see http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cite/Cite.php (Please format according to [[:Template:Cite web]], and [[Wikipedia:Citing sources]])—>{{Infobox_nrhp | name = Hull House
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  | image = UIC Hull House.JPG
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  | caption = Hull House as it looks today.
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  | location = 800 S. Halsted, Chicago, Illinois
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  | lat_degrees = 41
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  | lat_minutes = 52
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  | lat_seconds = 15.1
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  | lat_direction = N
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  | long_degrees = 87
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  | long_minutes = 368
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  | long_seconds = 49
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  | long_direction = W
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  | area =
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  | built = 1889
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  | added = October 15, 1966
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  | visitation_num =
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  | visitation_year =
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  | governing_body = College of Architecture and the Arts at the University of Illinois at Chicago
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}}
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'''Hull House''', co-founded in [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], in 1889 by [[Jane Addams]] and [[Ellen Gates Starr]] who were soon joined by other volunteers called "residents," was one of the first [[settlement house]]s in the U.S. and eventually grew into one of the largest, with facilities in 13 buildings.  Under Addams’ leadership, the Hull House’s social, educational and artistic programs had earned it a reputation as the best-known settlement house in the United States as well as the standard bearer for the movement that included almost 500 settlements nationally by 1920.<ref name="EOCHH">Johnson, Mary Ann, ''Hull House'', p. 402, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 ''The Encyclopedia of Chicago''. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9</ref>
  
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[[Image:Hullhouse.jpg|thumb|Hull House community workshop poster, 1938]]
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==Mission==
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'''Hull House''', co-founded in [[Chicago, Illinois]], in 1889 by [[Jane Addams]] and [[Ellen Gates Starr]] who were soon joined by other volunteers called "residents," was one of the first [[settlement house]]s in the U.S. and eventually grew into one of the largest, with facilities in 13 buildings.  At its beginning, its main purposes were to provide social and educational opportunities for working class people in the neighborhood, many of whom were recent immigrants. There were classes in literature, history, art, domestic activies such as sewing, and many other subjects, concerts free to all, free lectures on current issues, and clubs both for children and adults. Later, the settlement branched out and offered services to ameliorate some of the effects of poverty. There was a public dispensary to provide nutritious food for the sick, a daycare center, public baths, and a homeless shelter. The settlement also gradually was drawn into advocating for legislative reforms at the municipal, state and federal levels, addressing issues such as child labor, suffrage, and immigration policy.  
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[[Image:Hullhouse.jpg|thumb|left|Hull House community workshop poster, 1938]]
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At its beginning, its main purposes were to provide social and educational opportunities for [[working class]] people in the neighborhood, many of whom were recent immigrants. There were classes in literature, history, art, domestic activities such as sewing, and many other subjects, concerts free to everyone, free lectures on current issues, and clubs both for children and adults.  
  
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===Residents included the following:===
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The first two decades of the Hull House attracted women who rose to become prominent and influential reformers at all levels. The settlement also gradually was drawn into advocating for legislative reforms at the municipal, state and federal levels, addressing issues such as [[child labor]], [[suffrage]], and [[immigration policy]]. At the neighborhood level they established the city’s first public playground and bathhouse, pursued educational and political reform, investigated housing, working and sanitation issues.  At the municipal level, their pursuit of legal reforms lead to the first [[juvenile court]] in the United States, and their work influenced urban planning and influence the transition to a branch library system.  At the state level their residence influenced legislation on [[child labor]] laws, [[occupational safety]] and health provisions, [[compulsory education]], [[immigrant]] rights, and pension laws.  These works, gave them experience which translated to success at the federal level working with the settlement house network to champion national child labor laws, women’s [[suffrage]], a Children’s Bureau, [[unemployment compensation]], [[workers' compensation]] and other elements of the Progressive agenda during the first two decades of the twentieth century.<ref name="EOCHH"> </ref>
 +
 
 +
Later, the settlement branched out and offered services to ameliorate some of the effects of poverty. There was a public dispensary to provide nutritious food for the sick, a daycare center, and public baths. Among the courses they offered was a bookbinding course, which was a timely given the contemporary employment opportunities in the printing trade.<ref name="EOCBA">Gehl, Paul F., ''Book Arts'', p. 87, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 ''The Encyclopedia of Chicago''. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9</ref> The Hull House well known for its success in aiding in assimilation, especially for their role in helping to Americanize immigrant youth.<ref name="EOCCyc">Gems, Gerald R., ''Clubs: Youth Clubs'', p. 181, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 ''The Encyclopedia of Chicago''. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9</ref>  The Hull House became the center of the movement to promote hand workmanship as a moral regenerative force.<ref name="EOCAaCM">Darling, Sharon S., ''Arts and Crafts Movement'', p. 49, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 ''The Encyclopedia of Chicago''. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9</ref>  Although open (or free speech) forums flourished in Chicago, the Hull House promoted the more conservative supervised lectures and debates.<ref name="EOCFS">Rosemont, Franklin, ''Free Speach'', p. 316, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 ''The Encyclopedia of Chicago''. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9</ref> [[Paul Kellogg]] once called the group the "Great Ladies of Halsted Street.<ref> http://www.ssa.uchicago.edu/aboutssa/history/tour1d.shtml accessdate=2007-01-07</ref>
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The objective of Hull House, as stated in its charter, was: "To provide a center for a higher civic and social life; to institute and maintain educational and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and improve the conditions in the industrial districts of Chicago."
 +
 
 +
==The Building==
 +
 
 +
Hull House was located in and took its name from the mansion built by [[Charles J. Hull]] in 1856.  At one time located in a fashionable part of town, by 1889 when Addams was looking for a location for her experiment, that part of town had descended into squalor, in part due to the rapid and over-whelming influx of immigrants into the Near West Side neighborhood.  Hull, a real estate magnate, granted his former home to his niece Helen Culver, who in turn granted it to Addams on a 25-year rent-free lease.  By 1907, Addams had acquired thirteen buildings surrounding Hull's mansion.  The facility remained at that location until it was purchased in 1963 by the [[University of Illinois, Chicago|University of Illinois-Circle Campus]], which kept the original dining hall built in 1905, designed by Pond & Pond.<ref>http://www.ci.chi.il.us/Landmarks/H/HullHouse.html accessdate=2007-01-03</ref>
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===The Haunting of Hull House===
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 +
Over the years, Hull House has attracted numerous stories of ghosts and hauntings, making it a stop on many of the ghost in Chicago tours.  Charles Hull's wife died in her bedroom, which was used by Addams after the establishment of Hull House.  Addams believed the house was haunted, as related in her book ''Twenty Years at Hull House''.<ref>J. Addams, ''Twenty Years at Hull House'', (New York: MacMillan & Co., 1910), ch.5.</ref>
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 +
In the 1920s, another ghost story tied itself to Hull House.  According to this legend, after a man claimed that he would rather have the [[Devil]] in his house than a picture of [[Virgin Mary|Mary]], his child was born with pointed ears, horns, scale-covered skin and a tail. The mother was said to have taken the baby to Hull House, where Addams attempted to have it baptized and wound up locking it in the attic.<ref>http://www.prairieghosts.com/hull.html accessdate=2007-01-03</ref>
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==Today==
 +
Addams ran the Hull House as head resident until her death in 1935.  Hull House continued to serve the community around the Halsted location until it was displaced by the urban campus of the [[University of Illinois]].  Today, the social service center role is performed throughout the city at various locations under the ''Jane Addams Hull House Association'' umbrella organization. This association has, since 1962, perpetuated the name and many of the aspirations of the original institution.<ref name="EOCHH"> </ref>  The original Hull House itself is a museum, part of the College of Architecture and the Arts at the [[University of Illinois at Chicago]], and is open to the public.
 +
 
 +
==Selected notable residents==
 
*[[Edith Abbott]]
 
*[[Edith Abbott]]
 
*[[Grace Abbott]]
 
*[[Grace Abbott]]
 +
*[[Jane Addams]]
 +
*[[Neva Boyd]]
 
*[[Sophonisba Breckinridge]]
 
*[[Sophonisba Breckinridge]]
−
*[[Alice Hamilton]]*
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*[[Edward L Burchard]], the first male resident, for about a year starting in 1891.
 +
*[[Dorothy Detzer]]
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*[[Alice Hamilton]]
 
*[[Florence Kelley]]
 
*[[Florence Kelley]]
 +
*[[Mary Kenney]]
 
*[[Julia Lathrop]]
 
*[[Julia Lathrop]]
 +
*[[Mary McDowell]]
 +
*[[Alzina Stevens]]
  
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==Notes==
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+
<references/>
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American journalist and social reformer, Paul Kellogg, once called the group the "Great Ladies of Halsted Street."
 
−
 
 
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==Today==
 
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Today the Hull House is a museum and is open to the public. The museum is part of the College of Architecture and the Arts at the [[University of Illinois at Chicago]].
 
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==
 +
*''[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/1325 Twenty Years at Hull House]'', by Jane Addams, MacMillan & Co, 1910, at Project Gutenberg
 
*[http://www.hullhouse.org/ Jane Addams Hull House Association]
 
*[http://www.hullhouse.org/ Jane Addams Hull House Association]
 
*[http://wall.aa.uic.edu:62730/artifact/HullHouse.asp Jane Addams Hull-House Museum]
 
*[http://wall.aa.uic.edu:62730/artifact/HullHouse.asp Jane Addams Hull-House Museum]
 +
*[http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/exhibit.html The Pots of Promise Exhibit]
 
*[http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/urbanexp/ Urban Experience In Chicago: Hull-House and Its Neighborhoods, 1889-1963]
 
*[http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/urbanexp/ Urban Experience In Chicago: Hull-House and Its Neighborhoods, 1889-1963]
 +
*[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,739282,00.html Hull House Jubilee Article]
  
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{{Credit1|Hull_House|103339516|}}
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{{Credit1|Hull_House|46872001|}}
 

Revision as of 16:46, 2 February 2007


Hull House
(National Register of Historic Places)
Hull House as it looks today.
Hull House as it looks today.
Location: 800 S. Halsted, Chicago, Illinois
Coordinates: coord}}{{#coordinates:41|52|15.1|N|87|368|49|W| name=

}}

Built/Founded: 1889
Added to NRHP: October 15, 1966
Governing body: College of Architecture and the Arts at the University of Illinois at Chicago

Hull House, co-founded in Chicago, Illinois, in 1889 by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr who were soon joined by other volunteers called "residents," was one of the first settlement houses in the U.S. and eventually grew into one of the largest, with facilities in 13 buildings. Under Addams’ leadership, the Hull House’s social, educational and artistic programs had earned it a reputation as the best-known settlement house in the United States as well as the standard bearer for the movement that included almost 500 settlements nationally by 1920.[1]

Mission

Hull House community workshop poster, 1938

At its beginning, its main purposes were to provide social and educational opportunities for working class people in the neighborhood, many of whom were recent immigrants. There were classes in literature, history, art, domestic activities such as sewing, and many other subjects, concerts free to everyone, free lectures on current issues, and clubs both for children and adults.

The first two decades of the Hull House attracted women who rose to become prominent and influential reformers at all levels. The settlement also gradually was drawn into advocating for legislative reforms at the municipal, state and federal levels, addressing issues such as child labor, suffrage, and immigration policy. At the neighborhood level they established the city’s first public playground and bathhouse, pursued educational and political reform, investigated housing, working and sanitation issues. At the municipal level, their pursuit of legal reforms lead to the first juvenile court in the United States, and their work influenced urban planning and influence the transition to a branch library system. At the state level their residence influenced legislation on child labor laws, occupational safety and health provisions, compulsory education, immigrant rights, and pension laws. These works, gave them experience which translated to success at the federal level working with the settlement house network to champion national child labor laws, women’s suffrage, a Children’s Bureau, unemployment compensation, workers' compensation and other elements of the Progressive agenda during the first two decades of the twentieth century.[1]

Later, the settlement branched out and offered services to ameliorate some of the effects of poverty. There was a public dispensary to provide nutritious food for the sick, a daycare center, and public baths. Among the courses they offered was a bookbinding course, which was a timely given the contemporary employment opportunities in the printing trade.[2] The Hull House well known for its success in aiding in assimilation, especially for their role in helping to Americanize immigrant youth.[3] The Hull House became the center of the movement to promote hand workmanship as a moral regenerative force.[4] Although open (or free speech) forums flourished in Chicago, the Hull House promoted the more conservative supervised lectures and debates.[5] Paul Kellogg once called the group the "Great Ladies of Halsted Street.[6]

The objective of Hull House, as stated in its charter, was: "To provide a center for a higher civic and social life; to institute and maintain educational and philanthropic enterprises, and to investigate and improve the conditions in the industrial districts of Chicago."

The Building

Hull House was located in and took its name from the mansion built by Charles J. Hull in 1856. At one time located in a fashionable part of town, by 1889 when Addams was looking for a location for her experiment, that part of town had descended into squalor, in part due to the rapid and over-whelming influx of immigrants into the Near West Side neighborhood. Hull, a real estate magnate, granted his former home to his niece Helen Culver, who in turn granted it to Addams on a 25-year rent-free lease. By 1907, Addams had acquired thirteen buildings surrounding Hull's mansion. The facility remained at that location until it was purchased in 1963 by the University of Illinois-Circle Campus, which kept the original dining hall built in 1905, designed by Pond & Pond.[7]

The Haunting of Hull House

Over the years, Hull House has attracted numerous stories of ghosts and hauntings, making it a stop on many of the ghost in Chicago tours. Charles Hull's wife died in her bedroom, which was used by Addams after the establishment of Hull House. Addams believed the house was haunted, as related in her book Twenty Years at Hull House.[8]

In the 1920s, another ghost story tied itself to Hull House. According to this legend, after a man claimed that he would rather have the Devil in his house than a picture of Mary, his child was born with pointed ears, horns, scale-covered skin and a tail. The mother was said to have taken the baby to Hull House, where Addams attempted to have it baptized and wound up locking it in the attic.[9]

Today

Addams ran the Hull House as head resident until her death in 1935. Hull House continued to serve the community around the Halsted location until it was displaced by the urban campus of the University of Illinois. Today, the social service center role is performed throughout the city at various locations under the Jane Addams Hull House Association umbrella organization. This association has, since 1962, perpetuated the name and many of the aspirations of the original institution.[1] The original Hull House itself is a museum, part of the College of Architecture and the Arts at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and is open to the public.

Selected notable residents

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Johnson, Mary Ann, Hull House, p. 402, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 The Encyclopedia of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9
  2. ↑ Gehl, Paul F., Book Arts, p. 87, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 The Encyclopedia of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9
  3. ↑ Gems, Gerald R., Clubs: Youth Clubs, p. 181, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 The Encyclopedia of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9
  4. ↑ Darling, Sharon S., Arts and Crafts Movement, p. 49, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 The Encyclopedia of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9
  5. ↑ Rosemont, Franklin, Free Speach, p. 316, Eds. Grossman, James R., Keating, Ann Durkin, and Reiff, Janice L., 2004 The Encyclopedia of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-31015-9
  6. ↑ http://www.ssa.uchicago.edu/aboutssa/history/tour1d.shtml accessdate=2007-01-07
  7. ↑ http://www.ci.chi.il.us/Landmarks/H/HullHouse.html accessdate=2007-01-03
  8. ↑ J. Addams, Twenty Years at Hull House, (New York: MacMillan & Co., 1910), ch.5.
  9. ↑ http://www.prairieghosts.com/hull.html accessdate=2007-01-03

External links

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