Difference between revisions of "Arab-Israeli Conflict" - New World Encyclopedia

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==Scope of the conflict==
 
==Scope of the conflict==
  
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The conflcit is sometimes referred to as the "Middle East conflict"; however, the Middle East region has been host to other conflicts not involving Israel, such as the [[Iran-Iraq War]] so the term can be misleading. Since 1979, the conflict involves the Islamic Republic of [[Iran]] (a non-Arab state, not highlighted on the map) as well.
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The conflcit is sometimes referred to as the "Middle East conflict". However, the Middle East region has been host to other conflicts not involving Israel, such as the [[Iran-Iraq War]] so the term can be misleading. Since 1979, the conflict involves the Islamic Republic of [[Iran]] (a non-Arab state, not highlighted on the map) as well.
  
 
Despite involving a relatively small land area and number of casualties, the conflict has been the focus of worldwide media and diplomatic attention for decades.  Many countries, individuals and non-governmental organizations elsewhere in the world are involved in or concerned with this conflict for cultural and religious reasons, such as ties with [[Islam]], [[Arab culture]], [[Christianity]], [[Judaism]], [[Jewish culture]] or for ideological, [[human rights]], or strategic reasons. Because Israel is a democracy with a free press, the media has access to the conflict which also increases media coverage.  While some consider the Arab-Israeli conflict a part of (or a precursor to) a wider [[clash of civilizations]] between the [[Western World]] and the Arab or [[Muslim world]]<ref>Abdallah, Abdel Mahdi "Causes of Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: A Socio-Political Perspective", ''Middle East Review of International Affairs'', 7: 4 (2003) [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2003/issue4/jv7n4a6.html Causes of Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: A Socio-Political Perspective] Retrieved September 12, 2007.</ref><ref>"Arab-Israeli Conflict: Role of Religion", Isreal Science and Technology Homepage [http://www.science.co.il/Arab-Israeli-conflict-2.asp#Clash Arab-Israeli Conflict: Role of religion] Retrieved September 12, 2007.</ref>, others oppose this view and claim that the religion dimension is a new matter in this conflict. Animosity emanating from this conflict has caused numerous attacks on supporters (or perceived supporters) of one side by supporters of the other side in many countries around the world.
 
Despite involving a relatively small land area and number of casualties, the conflict has been the focus of worldwide media and diplomatic attention for decades.  Many countries, individuals and non-governmental organizations elsewhere in the world are involved in or concerned with this conflict for cultural and religious reasons, such as ties with [[Islam]], [[Arab culture]], [[Christianity]], [[Judaism]], [[Jewish culture]] or for ideological, [[human rights]], or strategic reasons. Because Israel is a democracy with a free press, the media has access to the conflict which also increases media coverage.  While some consider the Arab-Israeli conflict a part of (or a precursor to) a wider [[clash of civilizations]] between the [[Western World]] and the Arab or [[Muslim world]]<ref>Abdallah, Abdel Mahdi "Causes of Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: A Socio-Political Perspective", ''Middle East Review of International Affairs'', 7: 4 (2003) [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2003/issue4/jv7n4a6.html Causes of Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: A Socio-Political Perspective] Retrieved September 12, 2007.</ref><ref>"Arab-Israeli Conflict: Role of Religion", Isreal Science and Technology Homepage [http://www.science.co.il/Arab-Israeli-conflict-2.asp#Clash Arab-Israeli Conflict: Role of religion] Retrieved September 12, 2007.</ref>, others oppose this view and claim that the religion dimension is a new matter in this conflict. Animosity emanating from this conflict has caused numerous attacks on supporters (or perceived supporters) of one side by supporters of the other side in many countries around the world.

Revision as of 18:15, 12 September 2007

Israel and Members of the Arab Leage: ██ Arab League██ Israel


The Arab-Israeli conflict (Arabic: الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي, Hebrew: הסכסוך הישראלי ערבי) spans about a century of political tensions and open hostilities. It involves the establishment of the modern State of Israel as a Jewish nation state, as well as the relationship between the Arab nations and the state of Israel (see related Israeli-Palestinian conflict).

Scope of the conflict

The conflcit is sometimes referred to as the "Middle East conflict". However, the Middle East region has been host to other conflicts not involving Israel, such as the Iran-Iraq War so the term can be misleading. Since 1979, the conflict involves the Islamic Republic of Iran (a non-Arab state, not highlighted on the map) as well.

Despite involving a relatively small land area and number of casualties, the conflict has been the focus of worldwide media and diplomatic attention for decades. Many countries, individuals and non-governmental organizations elsewhere in the world are involved in or concerned with this conflict for cultural and religious reasons, such as ties with Islam, Arab culture, Christianity, Judaism, Jewish culture or for ideological, human rights, or strategic reasons. Because Israel is a democracy with a free press, the media has access to the conflict which also increases media coverage. While some consider the Arab-Israeli conflict a part of (or a precursor to) a wider clash of civilizations between the Western World and the Arab or Muslim world[1][2], others oppose this view and claim that the religion dimension is a new matter in this conflict. Animosity emanating from this conflict has caused numerous attacks on supporters (or perceived supporters) of one side by supporters of the other side in many countries around the world.

History of the conflict

Origins

Chronology

File:Generals Rabin Dayan Narkis Jerusalem 1967.jpg
Left to right, Israeli generals Uzi Narkiss, Moshe Dayan and Yitzhak Rabin entering Jerusalem in June 1967

The conflict began to form around the beginning of the 20th century. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1917, at the end of World War I, the region known as Palestine was controlled by British colonial forces. Jewish immigration increased during this period. The influx of Jews alarmed Arab inhabitants in the region, and Muslim religious leaders helped to foment hatred for the Jewish inhabitants which led to periodic violence.[3] At the end of World War II the conflict became a major international issue. Great Britain, the United Nations along with the United States, and the USSR were determined to initiate a two-state solution. The UN mandated partition was put into effect in 1948, but was rejected by the Arab states and was the beginning of the first major Arab-Israeli War. Israel was able to achieve a decisive victory. Today many parts play major roles in the conflict among those are the Quartet on the Middle East. The conflict included a great number of major wars including the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, 1956 Suez War, 1967 Six Day War, 1970 War of Attrition, 1973 Yom Kippur War, 1982 Lebanon War, as well as a number of lesser conflicts. In the course of these conflicts, many Arabs were displaced from what is now Israel, and many Jews were displaced from what is now Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, the Palestinian Territories, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen.



The conflict has also been the source of two major Palestinian intifadas (uprisings). Al-Qaeda, a Muslim (and largely Arab) terrorist organization, has cited the conflict among its justifications for attacks on targets in the West.

References
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  1. ↑ Abdallah, Abdel Mahdi "Causes of Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: A Socio-Political Perspective", Middle East Review of International Affairs, 7: 4 (2003) Causes of Anti-Americanism in the Arab World: A Socio-Political Perspective Retrieved September 12, 2007.
  2. ↑ "Arab-Israeli Conflict: Role of Religion", Isreal Science and Technology Homepage Arab-Israeli Conflict: Role of religion Retrieved September 12, 2007.
  3. ↑ "As long as the terrorist activity was directed only at Jewish targets, the Mufti saw nothing wrong with this. On the contrary, it fell in line with his own anti-Jewish policy; he secretly encouraged it and apparently extended financial aid to al-Qassam and his organization." Lachman, Shai "Arab Rebellion and Terrorism in Palestine 1929-39: The Case of Sheikh Izz al-Din al-Qassam and His Movement", in Zionism and Arabism in Palestine and Israel, edited by Elie Kedourie and Sylvia G. Haim (eds) London: Frank Cass, 1982 ISBN 9780714631691 p 76


References

  • Bard, Mitchell G Myths and Facts: A Guide to the Arab-Israeli Conflict, Chevy Chase, MD: American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise, 2006 ISBN 0971294542
  • Carter, Jimmy Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid, NY: Simon and Schuster,2006 ISBN 9780743285026
  • Cohn-Sherbok, Dan and El-Alami, Dawoud The Palestine-Israeli Conflict: A beginner’s guide, Oxford: Oneworld, 2003 ISBN 1851683321
  • Goldenberg, Doron State of Siege. Jerusalem: Gefen Publishing House, 2003 ISBN 9789652293107
  • Gelvin, James L. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: 100 Years of War Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005 ISBN 0-521-61804-5
  • Cramer, Richard Ben How Israel Lost: The Four Questions NY: Simon & Schuster, 2004 ISBN 0-7432-5028-1
  • Gold, Dore Tower of Babble: How the United Nations Has Fueled Global Chaos NY: Crown Forum, 2004 ISBN 1-4000-5475-3}}
  • Hamidullah.Muhammad “Relations of Muslims with non-Muslims” Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs |7:1 p.9 , 1986 ISSN|1360-2004
  • Katz, Shmuel Battleground: Fact and Fantasy in Palestine NY: Shapolsky Pub, 1973 ISBN 0-933503-03-2
  • Khouri, Fred J. The Arab-Israeli dilemma (3rd ed) Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1985 ISBN 0-8156-2339-9
  • Lewis, Bernard The Jews of Islam Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984 ISBN 0-691-05419-3
  • Morris, Benny Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881-2001 NY: Knopf, 1999 ISBN 0-679-42120-3
  • Segev, Tom One Palestine Complete: Jews and Arabs Under British Mandate. NY: Henry Holt &Company,1999 ISBN 0-8050-6587-3


External links

General sources

Government and official sources

Regional media

Israeli
Arab

Think tanks and strategic analysis

Peace proposals

See main article: List of Middle East peace proposals

Maps


Other Sites

Credits

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