Difference between revisions of "Black Elk" - New World Encyclopedia
Steve Chang (talk | contribs) (1. added claimed/credit) |
Steve Chang (talk | contribs) (6. added hyperlinks) |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
caption = Black Elk with wife and daughter, circa 1890-1910| | caption = Black Elk with wife and daughter, circa 1890-1910| | ||
dead = dead | | dead = dead | | ||
| − | birth_date = | + | birth_date = 1863| |
| − | death_date = | + | death_date = 1950| |
}} | }} | ||
| − | '''Black Elk (Hehaka Sapa)''' (c. December 1863 – | + | '''Black Elk (Hehaka Sapa)''' (c. December 1863 – August 17 or August 19, 1950 (sources differ<!--is a death certificate extant?—>) was a famous ''Wichasha Wakan'' ([[Medicine Man]] or Holy Man) of the Oglala [[Lakota_people|Lakota]] (Sioux). He was [[heyoka]] and a second cousin of [[Crazy Horse]]. Black Elk participated, at about the age of twelve, in the [[Battle of Little Big Horn]] of 1876, and was wounded in the [[Wounded Knee Massacre]] in 1890. |
In 1887, Black Elk travelled to [[England]] with [[Buffalo Bill]]'s Wild West Show,[http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2005/07/28/buffalo_bill_salford_280705_feature.shtml] an unpleasant experience he described in chapter 20 of ''Black Elk Speaks''.[http://blackelkspeaks.unl.edu/blackelk.pdf] | In 1887, Black Elk travelled to [[England]] with [[Buffalo Bill]]'s Wild West Show,[http://www.bbc.co.uk/manchester/content/articles/2005/07/28/buffalo_bill_salford_280705_feature.shtml] an unpleasant experience he described in chapter 20 of ''Black Elk Speaks''.[http://blackelkspeaks.unl.edu/blackelk.pdf] | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
He was accidentally left behind and had to make his own way back to his homeland (edit: untrue - read the book Black Elk Speaks and you'll see that he found his original group/show, who afforded him a trip back as well as $90 cash). —> | He was accidentally left behind and had to make his own way back to his homeland (edit: untrue - read the book Black Elk Speaks and you'll see that he found his original group/show, who afforded him a trip back as well as $90 cash). —> | ||
| − | Black Elk married his first wife, Katie War Bonnett, in 1892. She became a [[Catholicism|Catholic]], and all three of their children were baptized as Catholic. After her death in 1903, he too was baptized, taking the name Nicholas Black Elk and serving as a catechist. He continued to serve as a spiritual leader among his people, seeing no contradiction in embracing what he found valid in both his tribal traditions concerning '''[[Wakan Tanka]]''', and those of Christianity. He remarried in 1905 to Anna Brings White, a widow with two daughters. She bore him three more children, and remained his wife until she died in 1941. | + | Black Elk married his first wife, Katie War Bonnett, in 1892. She became a [[Catholicism|Catholic]], and all three of their children were baptized as Catholic. After her death in 1903, he too was baptized, taking the name Nicholas Black Elk and serving as a catechist. He continued to serve as a spiritual leader among his people, seeing no contradiction in embracing what he found valid in both his tribal traditions concerning '''[[Wakan Tanka]]''', and those of [[Christianity]]. He remarried in 1905 to Anna Brings White, a widow with two daughters. She bore him three more children, and remained his wife until she died in 1941. |
| − | Towards the end of his life, he revealed the story of his life, and a number of sacred Sioux rituals to [[John Neihardt]] and [[Joseph Epes Brown]] for publication, and his accounts have won wide interest and acclaim. He also claimed to have had several visions in which he met the spirit that guided the universe. | + | Towards the end of his life, he revealed the story of his life, and a number of sacred [[Sioux]] rituals to [[John Neihardt]] and [[Joseph Epes Brown]] for publication, and his accounts have won wide interest and acclaim. He also claimed to have had several visions in which he met the spirit that guided the universe. |
==Books== | ==Books== | ||
| Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
* [http://www.heyokamagazine.com/HEYOKA.6.MEDICINE.PeteCatches.htm Heyoka magazine, Pete Catches Interview] | * [http://www.heyokamagazine.com/HEYOKA.6.MEDICINE.PeteCatches.htm Heyoka magazine, Pete Catches Interview] | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
[[Category:Native American religious figures]] | [[Category:Native American religious figures]] | ||
[[Category:Native American writers]] | [[Category:Native American writers]] | ||
| Line 54: | Line 54: | ||
[[Category:People of the Black Hills War]] | [[Category:People of the Black Hills War]] | ||
[[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism]] | [[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
{{Credits|165443920}} | {{Credits|165443920}} | ||
Revision as of 01:59, 23 October 2007
| Black Elk | |
 Black Elk with wife and daughter, circa 1890-1910
| |
| Born | 1863 |
|---|---|
| Died | 1950 |
Black Elk (Hehaka Sapa) (c. December 1863 – August 17 or August 19, 1950 (sources differ) was a famous Wichasha Wakan (Medicine Man or Holy Man) of the Oglala Lakota (Sioux). He was heyoka and a second cousin of Crazy Horse. Black Elk participated, at about the age of twelve, in the Battle of Little Big Horn of 1876, and was wounded in the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890.
In 1887, Black Elk travelled to England with Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show,[1] an unpleasant experience he described in chapter 20 of Black Elk Speaks.[2]
Black Elk married his first wife, Katie War Bonnett, in 1892. She became a Catholic, and all three of their children were baptized as Catholic. After her death in 1903, he too was baptized, taking the name Nicholas Black Elk and serving as a catechist. He continued to serve as a spiritual leader among his people, seeing no contradiction in embracing what he found valid in both his tribal traditions concerning Wakan Tanka, and those of Christianity. He remarried in 1905 to Anna Brings White, a widow with two daughters. She bore him three more children, and remained his wife until she died in 1941.
Towards the end of his life, he revealed the story of his life, and a number of sacred Sioux rituals to John Neihardt and Joseph Epes Brown for publication, and his accounts have won wide interest and acclaim. He also claimed to have had several visions in which he met the spirit that guided the universe.
Books
- Black Elk Speaks: being the life story of a holy man of the Oglala Sioux (as told to John G. Neihardt), Bison Books, 2004 (originally published in 1932);
PDF
- The Sixth Grandfather: Black Elk's Teachings Given to John G. Neihardt, edited by Raymond J. Demallie, University of Nebraska Press; new edition, 1985
- The Sacred Pipe: Black Elk's Account of the Seven Rites of the Oglala Sioux (as told to Joseph Epes Brown), MJF Books, 1997
- Spiritual Legacy of the American Indian (as told to Joseph Epes Brown), World Wisdom, 2007
Books about Black Elk:
- Black Elk and Flaming Rainbow: Personal Memories of the Lakota Holy Man, by Hilda Neihardt, University of Nebraska Press, 2006. ISBN 0-8032-8376-8
- Black Elk: Holy Man of the Oglala, by Michael Steltenkamp
- Black Elk: Colonialism and Lakota Catholicism, by Damian Costello
VHS Video and DVD
- Writings of Black Elk (C-SPAN, 2001) ID: 165060. From the jacket: The program, telecast from the Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, contained portions of an interview with Black Elk’s great-granddaughter, a re-enactment of the battle, and looked at several artifacts from the site. Length: 2:32.
- Black Elk (C-SPAN, 2001) ID: 165105. From the jacket: Ms. Black Elk spoke about her great grandfather, his impact on U.S. history, Native American history, and tribal culture. Length: 0:34.
- Native Spirit and the Sun Dance Way, DVD documentary, 2007, World Wisdom.
See also
- Lame Deer
External links
- Genealogy of Black Elk
- Black Elk Speaks online (PDF 1529KB)
- Black Elk's Family Speaks
- Heyoka magazine, Pete Catches Interview
Credits
New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:
The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:
Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.
