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| − | [[Category:Politics and social sciences]]
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| − | [[Category:Lifestyle]]
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| − | [[Category:Life sciences]]
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| − | [[Category:Food]]
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| − | [[Image:Turkish tea.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Turkish tea]]
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| − | '''Turkish tea''' ({{Lang-tr|'''çay'''}}) is a type of [[tea]] that is drunk by most people living in the Turkic speaking world and the [[Horn of Africa]]. Moreover, it is drunk in Iran, Tajikistan, and Western China or [[Chinese Turkistan]]{{Fact|date=March 2008}} Turkish tea is more popular than [[Turkish coffee]] among younger people in [[Turkey]].
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| − | ==Introduction==
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| − | [[Image:Caydanlik.jpg|thumb|left|200 px|Turkish Teapot Set (Caydanlik)]]
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| − | [[Image:Samovaro3.JPG|thumb|200 px|Turkish teapot set with opened tea pot next to hot water reservoir]]
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| − | Turkish tea, called ''çay'', a form of [[black tea]], is produced on the eastern [[Black Sea]] coast, which has a mild climate with high precipitation and fertile [[soil]]. Turkish tea is typically prepared using two stacked kettles ''(çaydanlık)'' especially designed for tea preparation. Water is brought to a boil in the larger lower kettle and then some of the water is used to fill the smaller kettle on top and steep several spoons of loose tea leaves, producing a very strong tea. When served, the remaining water is used to dilute the tea on an individual basis, giving each consumer the choice between strong ({{Lang-tr|koyu}}; literally "dark") or weak ({{Lang-tr|açık}}; literally "light"). Tea is drunk from small glasses to enjoy it hot in addition to show its colour, with lumps of beetroot sugar. To a lesser extent than in other [[Muslim]] countries, tea replaces both [[alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] and [[coffee]] as the social beverage.
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| − | Within [[Turkey]], the tea is usually known as [[Rize tea]]. Virtually all of the tea is produced in the [[Rize]] province, a Turkish province on the Black Sea coast.
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| − | In 2004 Turkey produced 205,500 tonnes of tea (6.4% of the world's total tea production), which made it one of the largest tea markets in the world <ref name="quantity">[http://www.fao.org/newsroom/en/news/2005/105404/index.html World tea production reaches new highs<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref> Furthermore, in 2004, Turkey had the highest per capita tea consumption in the world, at 2.5 [[kg]] per person—followed by the [[United Kingdom]] (2.1 kg per person).<ref name="consumption"> [http://www.marketresearchworld.net/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=208] Second biggest Tea Market in the World</ref>
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| − | ==Background==
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| − | The [[Turkish people|Turk]]s evolved their own way of making and drinking the black tea which became a way of life for [[Turkey|Turkish]] culture. Wherever people go in Turkey, tea or coffee will be offered as a sign of friendship and hospitality, at homes, [[bazaar]]s and [[restaurant]]s, before or after a meal.
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| − | Despite its popularity, tea became the widely consumed beverage of choice in Turkey relatively recently, in the 1930s. The nation's founder, [[Atatürk]], encouraged tea as an alternative to Turkish coffee, which had become expensive and at times unavailable in the aftermath of [[World War I]]. Coffee had to be imported, mainly from Brazil, whereas tea was easily sustainable domestically.
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| − | Turkish tea is full-flavored and too strong to be served in large [[Teacup|cups]], thus it is always offered in small tulip-shaped glasses which are usually held by the rim, in order to save the drinker's fingertips from being burned, as the tea is served boiling hot. Turkish tea drinkers often add [[sugar]], but [[milk]] is not traditional. Turkish tea may be served either lighter (weaker) or darker (stronger) depending on the drinker's taste, as Turkish tea is made by pouring some very strong tea into the glass, then diluting it with hot water to the desired strength. Serious tea-drinking people (generally [[Turkish people|Turk]]s) usually go to a [[Turkish coffee|coffee]] and tea house where they serve it with a [[samovar]] ({{lang-tr|semaver}}) or urn, so they can refill their glasses themselves as much as they want.
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| − | When the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]] lost [[Mocha, Yemen|Mocha city]] in [[Yemen]], [[coffee]] became an expensive import, and Turks turned to tea.
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| − | ==Rize tea==
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| − | '''Rize tea''' or Çay is a form of [[black tea]]. Produced in [[Rize Province]] on the eastern [[Black Sea]] coast of [[Turkey]] which has a mild climate with high precipitation and fertile [[soil]], it is crystal clear and mahogany in color. It is drunk everywhere in Turkey, anytime. It is served in Turkish cafés by a çaycı (tea-waiter), in small, gold-rimmed, narrow-waisted glasses. It can be taken strong ("koyu" dark) or weak ("açık" light), and is accompanied by two or three lumps of beetroot sugar.
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| − | When the [[Ottoman Empire]] collapsed in 1923, the Turks lost [[Mocha, Yemen|Mocha]] in [[Yemen]], and [[coffee]] became an expensive import. They turned to tea.
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| − | [[Image:Rize Tea Plantation 2005-jk.jpg|300px|thumb|left|Tea plantation in Rize.]]
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| − | [[Image:08 rize.jpg|300px|thumb|left|Tea plantation in Rize.]]
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| − | ==Turkish herbal tea==
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| − | In Turkey, [[herbal tea]]s are also popular, with [[apple]] ''(elma çayı)'', [[rose hip]] ''(kuşburnu çayı)'', and [[Tilia|linden]] flower ''(ıhlamur çayı)'' being the most popular flavors.[http://www.turkishtaste.com/teanadcoffees.html] Sage tea (''ada çayı'', also called "island tea") is most popular in the Mediterranean coastal region.
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| − | == References ==
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| − | <references/>
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | *[http://www.allaboutturkey.com/tea.htm Turkish tea page] from All About Turkey site
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| − | *[http://www.turkeytravelplanner.com/details/Food/TurkishTea.html Turkish tea page]
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| − | *[http://www.turkishcook.com/turkishfood/Turkish_Tea_1.shtml Turkish Tea] at TurkishCook.com
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| − | {{Teas}}
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| − | {{Credits|Turkish_tea|249773753|Rize_Tea|163425611}}
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