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| − | {{epname|Matthew the Evangelist}}
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| − | {{Infobox Saint
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| − | |name=Saint Matthew
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| − | |birth_date=
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| − | |death_date=24 January
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| − | |feast_day=21 September (Western Christianity)<br/>16 November (Eastern Christianity]]
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| − | |venerated_in=[[Roman Catholic Church]]<br/>[[Eastern Orthodox Churches]]<br/>[[Eastern Catholic Churches]]<br/>[[Anglican Communion]]<br/>[[Lutheran Church]]<br/>some other [[Protestant]] Churches
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| − | |image=The_Evangelist_Matthew_Inspired_by_an_Angel.jpg
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| − | |imagesize=250px
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| − | |caption=''Saint Matthew and the Angel''<br /> by [[Rembrandt]]
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| − | |birth_place=
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| − | |death_place=near [[Hierapolis]] or [[Ethiopia]]
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| − | |titles=Apostle, Evangelist, Martyr
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| − | |beatified_date=
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| − | |beatified_place=
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| − | |beatified_by=
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| − | |canonized_date=pre-congregation
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| − | |canonized_place=
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| − | |canonized_by=
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| − | |attributes=[[tax collector]]
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| − | |patronage=[[Accountants]], [[Salerno|Salerno, Italy]], and others, see<ref>http://www.catholic-forum.com/SAINTS/saintm13.htm</ref>
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| − | |major_shrine=[[Salerno, Italy|Salerno]], [[Italy]]
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| − | |suppressed_date=
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| − | |issues=
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| − | |prayer=[[Jesus]] saw a man called Matthew sitting at the tax office, and he said to him: "Follow me." Jesus saw Matthew, not merely in the usual sense, but more significantly with his merciful understanding of men."
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| − | |prayer_attrib=<ref>[http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/saintm13.htm saintm13.htm<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref>
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| − | }}
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| − | '''Matthew the Evangelist''' (מתי/מתתיהו, "Gift of [[Tetragrammaton|Yahweh]]," [[Standard Hebrew]] and [[Tiberian Hebrew]]: ''Mattay'' or ''Mattithyahu''; [[Septuagint]] [[Greek language|Greek]]: Ματθαίος, ''Matthaios'', [[Modern Greek language|Modern Greek]]: Ματθαίος [''Matthaíos'']), most often called '''Saint Matthew''', is a [[Christian]] figure, and one of [[Jesus]]'s [[Twelve Apostles]]. He is credited by tradition with writing [[the Gospel of Matthew]], and is identified in that gospel as being the same person as '''Levi''' the [[publican]] (tax collector).
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| − | ==Identity==
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| − | Matthew the Evangelist is complex for a number of reasons. The gospel to bear the name "Matthew" was written anonymously, with [[Sacred Tradition|tradition]] ascribing authorship to Matthew at a later date. Both the style of Greek used and the means of describing events lead some to conclude that the author of the gospel was not a companion of the historic Jesus. Some use the designation "Matthew the Evangelist" to refer to the anonymous gospel author, and "Matthew the Apostle" to refer to the Biblical figure described. Christian tradition holds that they are the same person.{{Fact|date=October 2008}}
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| − | [[Image:Matthew Evangelist.jpg|thumb|left|[[Russian Orthodox]] [[icon]] of St. Matthew the Evangelist, 18th century ([[Iconostasis]] of [[Transfiguration]] [[Orthodox church (building)|church]], [[Kizhi]] [[monastery]], [[Karelia]], [[Russia]]).]]
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| − | Matthew's depiction in the [[New Testament]] is likewise complex. In the gospels of [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] and [[Gospel of Luke|Luke]], as well as in [[the Acts of the Apostles]], Matthew is mentioned without any title, identifier, descriptions, or actions. Virtually nothing besides his apostleship can be determined from these accounts, and he is not mentioned at all in the [[Gospel of John]] or subsequent [[epistles]].
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| − | The [[Gospel of Matthew]], on the other hand, names Matthew as the publican called by Jesus, whom the other gospels name "Levi." This gospel subsequently gives Matthew the title "the tax collector" in its list of the Twelve Apostles. Christian tradition holds that Matthew and Levi were, in fact, two names for the same person (similarly, tradition posits a "[[Jude Thaddeus]]" to reconcile the Jude of Luke and Acts with the Thaddeus of Matthew and Mark.) Modern Biblical scholarship holds this position as highly unlikely, however.<ref>Anchor Bible Reference Library, 2001. p.130-133, 201</ref> If one concludes that the Gospel of Matthew's stories of St. Matthew are based on Mark's stories of Levi, a different person, then one can say nothing about Matthew the Apostle besides the fact that he was one of the Twelve.
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| − | However, the ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'' asserts that Matthew once could have been called "Levi," according to {{bibleverse||Mark|2:14|KJV}}. The Encyclopedia also states that "The fact of one man having two names is of frequent occurrence among the Jews."<ref>Jacquier, E. ''St. Matthew'', 1911 [[The Catholic Encyclopedia]], New York: Robert Appleton Company, [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10056b.htm]</ref> Other gospel passages that refer to Matthew or Levi are {{bibleverse||Mark|2:1-22|KJV}} and {{bibleverse||Luke|5:27-39|KJV}}.
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| − | Levi is described in Mark (and [[Synoptic Gospels|synoptic parallels]]) as being a tax collector who was called by Jesus to follow him just as the Twelve Apostles were. He is called the "Son of Alphaeus," and his calling leads into a scene where Jesus is confronted by [[Pharisee]]s for eating with tax-collectors and sinners. It is possible that James, son of Alphaeus, had been distinguished from [[James, son of Zebedee]] by the former's other name "Levi" and that James, son of Alphaeus was called to the Apostolate along with Luke.
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| − | [[Image:Orvieto064.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Winged angel, attribute of Matthew the Evangelist <br /><small> bronze by [[Lorenzo Maitani]] and his collaborators, [[Orvieto Cathedral]], Italy </small>]]
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| − | ==Commemoration==
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| − | Matthew is recognized as a [[Saint]] in the [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]], [[Lutheran]] and [[Anglican]] churches. His [[feast day]] is celebrated on 21 September in the West, 16 November in the East (for those churches which follow the traditional [[Julian Calendar]], 16 November currently falls on 29 November of the modern [[Gregorian Calendar]]). He is also commemorated by the Orthodox, together with the other Apostles, on 30 June (13 July), the [[Synaxis]] of the Holy Apostles.
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| − | Like the other [[Four Evangelists|evangelists]], Matthew is often depicted in [[Christian art]] with one of the four living creatures of {{bibleverse||Revelation|4:7|KJV}}. The one that accompanies him is in the form of a winged man. The three paintings of Matthew by [[Caravaggio]] in the church of [[San Luigi dei Francesi]] in [[Rome]], where he is depicted as called by Christ from his profession as tax gatherer, are among the landmarks of Western art.
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| − | ==See also==
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| − | {{portalpar|Saints}}
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| − | *[[Gospel of Matthew]]
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| − | *[[Mark the Evangelist]]
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| − | *[[Luke the Evangelist]]
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| − | *[[John the Evangelist]]
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| − | <center>
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| − | {| border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"
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| − | |- bgcolor="FFD700"
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| − | |colspan=3|<Center>'''Calling of Matthew<br/>[[Gospel harmony|Life of Jesus]]: [[Ministry of Jesus|Ministry Events]]'''
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| − | |- bgcolor="white"
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| − | |<Center>{{resize|Preceded by<br/>'''[[Rejection of Jesus|Hometown Rejection of Jesus]],<br/>"[[Physician, heal thyself]]"'''}}
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| − | |<Center>{{space|3}}'''[[New Testament]]{{space|3}}<br/>Events'''
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| − | |<Center>{{resize|Followed by<br/>'''[[New Wine into Old Wineskins]]'''}}
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| − | |}
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| − | </center>
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| − | ==Notes==
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| − | {{Reflist}}
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| − | ==References==
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | *[http://www.mcah.columbia.edu/medmil/pages/non-mma-pages/text_links/gl_matthew.html St Matthew the Apostle] from The [[Golden Legend]]
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| − | *[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=103313 Apostle and Evangelist Matthew] Orthodox [[icon]] and [[synaxarion]]
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| − | *[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=101851 Synaxis of the Holy Apostles]
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| − | {{Apostles}}
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| − | {{New Testament people}}
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| − | [[Category:philosophy and religion]]
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| − | [[Category:religion]]
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| − | [[Category:religious figures]]
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| − | [[Category:Christianity]]
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| − | [[Category:biography]]
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| − | {{credit|253220861}}
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