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| − | {{Infobox Vice President
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| − | |name = Albert Arnold Gore, Jr. {{click|image=Nobel medal dsc06171.jpg|link=Nobel Peace Prize|width=20px|height=20px}}
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| − | |Image = AlGoreGlobalWarmingTalk.jpg
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| − | |image = Al Gore, Vice President of the United States, official portrait 1994.jpg
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| − | |caption =
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| − | |order = 45th [[Vice President of the United States]]
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| − | |term_start = January 20, 1993
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| − | |term_end = January 20, 2001
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| − | |president = [[Bill Clinton]]
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| − | |predecessor = [[Dan Quayle]]
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| − | |successor = [[Dick Cheney]]
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| − | | candidate2= [[United States presidential election, 2000|President of the United States]]
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| − | | term_start2= November 7, 2000
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| − | | runningmate2= [[Joe Lieberman]]
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| − | | opponent2= [[George W. Bush]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]])<br>[[Ralph Nader]] ([[Green Party (United States)|G]])
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| − | | incumbent2= [[Bill Clinton]] (D)
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| − | |jr/sr3 = United States Senator
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| − | |state3 = [[Tennessee]]
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| − | |term_start3 = January 3, 1985
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| − | |term_end3 = January 2, 1993
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| − | |predecessor3 = [[Howard Baker]]
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| − | |successor3 = [[Harlan Mathews]]
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| − | |district4 = [[United States House of Representatives, Tennessee District 6|6th]]
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| − | |state4 = Tennessee
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| − | |term_start4 = January 3, 1983
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| − | |term_end4 = January 3, 1985
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| − | |predecessor4 = [[Robin Beard]]
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| − | |successor4 = [[Bart Gordon]]
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| − | |district5 = [[United States House of Representatives, Tennessee District 4|4th]]
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| − | |state5 = Tennessee
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| − | |term_start5 = January 3, 1977
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| − | |term_end5 = January 3, 1983
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| − | |predecessor5 = [[Joe L. Evins]]
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| − | |successor5 = [[Jim Cooper]]
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| − | |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1948|3|31}}
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| − | |birth_place =[[Washington, D.C.]]
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| − | |spouse = [[Tipper Gore|Mary Elizabeth "Tipper" A. Gore]]
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| − | |party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
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| − | |relations =
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| − | |children =4
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| − | |residence =
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| − | |alma_mater = [[Harvard University]], [[Vanderbilt University]]
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| − | |occupation =
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| − | |profession =
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| − | |religion = [[Baptist]] (formerly [[Southern Baptist]])
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| − | |notable prize = [[Image:Nobel prize medal.svg|20px]][[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 2007
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| − | |website = [http://www.algore.com/ algore.com]
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| − | |signature=AlGoreSig.gif
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| − | }}
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| − | '''Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr.''' (born March 31, 1948) was the forty-fifth [[Vice President of the United States]], serving from 1993 to 2001 under [[President of the United States|President]] [[Bill Clinton]]. Gore also served in the [[United States House of Representatives|U. S. House of Representatives]] (1977–85) and the [[United States Senate|U. S. Senate]] (1985–93), representing [[Tennessee]]. Gore was the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for president in the [[United States presidential election, 2000|2000 election]], ultimately losing to the Republican candidate [[George W. Bush]] in spite of winning the popular vote. A legal controversy over the [[Florida election recount]] was eventually settled in favor of Bush by the [[Bush v. Gore|Supreme Court]].<ref name = "Britannica-Gore">{{cite web|title = Al Gore |url = http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9037426/Al-Gore |publisher = Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate = 2007-10-13}}</ref><ref name = "Cornell-BushvGore">{{ cite web|url = http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/00-949.ZPC.html|title = George W. Bush, et al., Petitioners v. Albert Gore, Jr., et al., 531 U.S. 98 (2000).|accessdate = 2007-10-13}}</ref>
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| − | A prominent [[environmentalism|environmental]] [[activist]], Gore was awarded the 2007 [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (together with the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]]) for the "efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change."<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2007/ Peace 2007<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref> He also starred in the [[Academy Award for Documentary Feature|Academy Award - winning]] documentary on the topic of global warming, ''[[An Inconvenient Truth]].'' In 2007, Gore helped to organize the July 7 [[benefit concert]] for global warming, ''[[Live Earth]].''
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| − | Gore is currently chairman of the [[Primetime Emmy Award|Emmy Award - winning]] American television channel [[Current TV]], chairman of [[Generation Investment Management]], a director on the board of [[Apple Inc.]], an unofficial advisor to [[Google]]'s senior management, chairman of the [[Alliance for Climate Protection]],<ref>
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| − | {{ cite web|title = Al Gore's Current TV profile|url = http://current.com/people/algore|publisher = Current TV|accessdate = 2007-11-22}}
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| − | </ref> and a partner in the [[venture capital]] firm, [[Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers]], heading that firm's climate change solutions group.<ref>
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| − | {{ cite web|title = Gore joins Valley's Kleiner Perkins to push green business |url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/11/13/BAUCTAV4I.DTL&feed=rss.bayarea|publisher = San Francisco Chronicle|accessdate = 2007-11-13}}</ref><ref>
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| − | {{cite web|title = Partner bio at Kleiner Perkins|url = http://www.kpcb.com/team/index.php?Al%20Gore|accessdate = 2008-01-24}}</ref>
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| − | There has been continual public speculation of a run for the [[Official and potential 2008 United States presidential election Democratic candidates|2008 Democratic presidential nomination]] but Gore has frequently stated that "I have no plans to run."<ref name = "nytimes-door">[http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/10/gore-leaves-door-open/ Gore Leaves the Door Open]. ''[[New York Times]]'', Dec. 10, 2007.</ref>
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| − | ==Background==
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| − | Albert Gore, Jr. was born in [[Washington, D.C.]], to [[Albert Gore, Sr.]], a U.S. Representative (1939–1944, 1945–1953) and Senator (1953–1971) from [[Tennessee]] and [[Pauline LaFon Gore]], one of the first women to graduate from [[Vanderbilt University Law School]]. He divided his childhood between Washington and [[Carthage, Tennessee]]<ref>{{ cite web |url = http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/democracy/gore/stories/gore/ |title = Albert Gore Jr.: Son of a senator |accessdate = 2007-02-24 |publisher = CNN}}</ref> as a boy. During the school year, the family lived in a hotel in Washington but during summer vacations Gore worked on the family farm in Carthage, where the Gores grew hay and tobacco and raised cattle.<ref>{{ cite book |first = Bob |last = Zelnick |title = Al Gore: A Political Life |publisher = Regnery Publishing |year = 1999 |id = ISBN 0-89526-326-2}}</ref> He had an elder sister, Nancy Gore Hunger, who died of [[lung cancer]] in 1984.<ref>{{cite web |title=Film review: An Inconvenient Truth |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/film-reviews/an-inconvenient-truth/2006/09/15/1157827139680.html |accessdate=2007-06-09 |publisher=smh.com.au}}</ref>
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| − | Gore was an honors student at [[St. Albans School (Washington, D.C.)|St. Albans School]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] <ref name=nytjan21 >{{Citation
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| − | |first =WARREN WEAVER JR.,
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| − | |title = Gore as Candidate: Traveler Between 2 Worlds
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| − | |year =January 21, 1988
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| − | |pages =
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| − | |publisher =New York Times
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| − | |url =http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DEFDF133CF932A15752C0A96E948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all
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| − | |id =}}</ref> He attended [[Harvard University]] and graduated with a B.A. in government (''[[cum laude]]'') in June 1969.<ref>[http://www-cgi.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/candidates/democrat/gore/ Al Gore Biography]</ref>
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| − | Gore's senior thesis at [[Harvard]] was regarding the impact of television on the conduct of the presidency. This thesis essentially stated that television had an inherent bias towards individuals over institutions which would bring more attention to the president than the other branches of governments. The thesis furthermore argued that the ability to communicate well visually was becoming crucial to governing. <ref name=Government in America-People, Politics, and Policy 12th Edition >{{Citation
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| − | |first =George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry
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| − | |title = The Mass Media and the Political Agenda
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| − | |year = 2006
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| − | |pages = 210-211
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| − | |publisher = Pearson Education, Inc.
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| − | In 1970, Gore married [[Tipper Gore|Mary Elizabeth Aitcheson]] (known as Tipper), whom he had first met "at a party the night of his [high school] graduation."<ref name=nytjan21/> They have four children: [[Karenna Gore Schiff|Karenna]] (born 1973), married to Andrew "Drew" Schiff;<ref>[http://edition.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1997/07/12/gore.wedding/ Gore's Eldest Daughter Weds New York Doctor In Washington]</ref> [[Kristin Gore|Kristin]] (born 1977), married to Paul Cusack; Sarah (born January 7, 1979), married to [[Taiwanese-American]] businessman Bill Lee,<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20046345,00.html |title=Al Gore's Daughter Sarah Gets Married |accessdate=2007-07-17 |last=Wihlborg |first=Ulrica |date=2007-06-14 |publisher=[[People Magazine]]}}</ref> (李君偉);<ref>[http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2007/07/25/2003371199 When Sarah Gore married Bill Lee]</ref> and Albert III (born 1982). Al and Tipper have two grandchildren: Wyatt Gore Schiff (born 1999) and Anna Hunger Schiff (born 2001).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ochealthinfo.com/2004summit/keynote.htm |title=Keynote Speaker |accessdate=2007-07-04 |publisher=Orange County Health Care Agency}}</ref>
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| − | ==Vietnam war==
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| − | Gore opposed the [[Vietnam War]] and could have avoided serving overseas by accepting a spot in the National Guard that a friend of his family had reserved for him, or by other means of avoiding the draft. Gore has stated that his sense of civic duty compelled him to serve in some capacity.<ref>{{ cite web |url = http://partners.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/071100wh-gore.html |title = For Gore, Army Years Mixed Vietnam and Family Politics |accessdate = 2007-02-25 |publisher = New York Times}}</ref> He enlisted in the [[United States Army]] on August 7, 1969. After basic training at [[Fort Dix]], Gore was assigned as a military journalist writing for ''The Army Flier'', the base newspaper at [[Fort Rucker]].<ref name = "NYtimes-gore">[http://partners.nytimes.com/library/politics/camp/071100wh-gore.html Al Gore's Journey]</ref> With seven months remaining in his enlistment, Gore was shipped to [[Vietnam]], arriving on January 2, 1971.<ref name = "NYtimes-gore"/> He served with the [[20th Engineer Brigade]] in [[Bien Hoa]].<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/choice2000/gore/cron.html Gore Chronology]</ref>
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| − | [[Image:AlGoreVietnam.gif|thumb|left|Gore as a field reporter in Vietnam]]
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| − | Gore said in 1988 that his experience in Vietnam:
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| − | {{quote|"...didn't change my conclusions about the war being a terrible mistake, but it struck me that opponents to the war, including myself, really did not take into account the fact that there were an awful lot of South Vietnamese who desperately wanted to hang on to what they called freedom. Coming face to face with those sentiments expressed by people who did the laundry and ran the restaurants and worked in the fields was something I was naively unprepared for."<ref>{{ cite web |url = http://issues2000.org/Celeb/More_Al_Gore_Homeland_Security.htm |title = More Al Gore on Homeland Security |accessdate = 2007-02-24 |publisher = Houghton Mifflin}}</ref>}}
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| − | ==Journalism and graduate study==
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| − | Gore's father would later recall that, "the war, combined with his own campaign defeat and the Watergate scandals, turned his son temporarily against a political career."<ref name=nytjan21/> Thus, after returning from Vietnam (receiving a non-essential personnel honorable discharge two months early) Gore turned to journalism and divinity school at [[Vanderbilt University]].<ref name=nytjan21/><ref>{{ cite web |title = For Gore, a 'Sordid Crusade' |url = http://washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A52119-1999Dec30 |accessdate = 2007-02-24 |publisher = Washington Post}}</ref> He attended the program from 1971–1972 and his goal was to explore "the spiritual issues that were most important to me at the time."<ref name = "CNN-990616">[http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/06/16/president.2000/gore.biography/ Biography: Gore's road from Tennessee to the White House]</ref> He also worked part time as a reporter for ''[[The Tennessean]]'' , a newspaper in [[Nashville, Tennessee]] on the night shift.<ref name = "CNN-990616"/> He would eventually spend five years as a [[reporter]] for ''The Tennessean.'' His investigations of possible corruption among members of Nashville's Metro Council resulted in the arrest and prosecution of two councilmen for separate offenses.<ref>{{ cite web |url = http://www.nashvillepost.com/news/1992/9/17/al_gore_boy_reporter |title = Al Gore, boy reporter |accessdate = 2007-05-09}}</ref> After completing the one year Rockefeller Foundation scholarship, he left the divinity school to focus on journalism full time.<ref name="Spiritual Search">{{ cite web |url = http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/e2247.htm |title = Al Gore: A Baptist |publisher = USA Today |accessdate = 2007-02-14}}</ref> A few years later, he studied law at Vanderbilt. He attended law school from 1974–76 but "took away no degrees, deciding abruptly in 1976 to run for a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives."<ref name = "CNN-990616"/>
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| − | ==Political career==
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| − | ===Congressional service===
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| − | At the end of February 1976, [[United States House of Representatives, Tennessee District 4|4th District]] congressman [[Joe L. Evins]] unexpectedly announced his retirement from the seat in which he had succeeded [[Albert Gore, Sr.]] in 1953. Within hours after ''Tennessean'' Publisher [[John Seigenthaler, Sr.|John Seigenthaler]] called him to tell him the announcement was forthcoming,<ref>[[E. Thomas Wood]], {{cite news|url=http://www.nashvillepost.com/news/2008/2/29/nashville_now_and_then_young_als_big_decision |title=Nashville now and then: Young Al's big decision|NashvillePost.com|accessdate=2008-02-29|date=2008-02-29}}</ref> Gore decided to quit law school and run for the [[United States House of Representatives]]:
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| − | :Gore's abrupt decision to run for the open seat surprised even himself. 'I didn't realize myself I had been pulled back so much to it,' he later commented. The news came as a 'bombshell' to his wife. Tipper Gore held a job in the ''Tennessean'''s photo lab and was working on a master's degree in psychology, but she joined in her husband's campaign (with assurance that she could get her job at the ''Tennessean'' back if he lost). By contrast, Gore asked his father to stay out of his campaign. 'I must become my own man,' he explained. 'I must not be your candidate.'<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore">[http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/VP_Albert_Gore.htm Albert A. Gore, Jr., 45th Vice President (1993-2001)]</ref>
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| − | Gore "narrowly won" the Democratic primary, then ran unopposed in the general election and was elected to his first [[Congress of the United States|Congressional]] post at the age of twenty-eight.<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore"/>
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| − | He was re-elected to the House three times, in [[United States House elections, 1978|1978]], [[United States House elections, 1980|1980]], and [[United States House elections, 1982|1982]]. In [[United States Senate election, 1984|1984]], Gore successfully ran for a seat in the [[United States Senate]], which had been vacated by Republican Majority Leader [[Howard Baker]]. Gore served as a Senator from Tennessee until 1993, when he became Vice President.<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore"/> While in Congress, Gore was a member a number of committees including : [[United States Senate Committee on Armed Services|Senate Armed Services]], [[United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence|House Intelligence]], [[United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation|Commerce, Science and Transportation]], [[U.S. Senate Committee on Rules and Administration|Rules and Administration]], and [[United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs|Governmental Affairs]].<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore"/> He was involved in passing a number of initiatives. <ref>[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/?&Db=d102&querybd=@FIELD(FLD003+@4((@1(Sen+Gore++Albert++Jr.))+00449)) Legislation Sponsored by Senator Gore]</ref>
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| − | On March 19 1979, Gore became the first person to appear on [[C-SPAN]], making a speech in the House chambers.<ref>[http://www.cmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070227/REPOSITORY/702270330/1027/OPINION01 Oscar win was one more first for Al Gore]</ref>
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| − | In the late 1980s, Gore introduced the ''Gore Bill'', which was later passed as the [[High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991]]. [[Leonard Kleinrock]], a key player in the development of the [[ARPANET]], considers the act to be a critical moment in Internet history.<ref>{{cite news |first=Leonard|last=Kleinrock|url=http://www.lk.cs.ucla.edu/PS/paper224.pdf|title=The Internet rules of engagement: then and now|work=lk.cs.ucla.edu|publisher=|date=|accessdate=2007-06-01}}</ref>
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| − | Gore clarified his positions as a senator with regard to the [[Gulf War]] (particularly the events before and after it) during a speech he gave in 1992.<ref name=92speech>{{Citation
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| − | |title =Speech by Senator Al Gore
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| − | |year = September 29, 1992
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| − | |url =http://www.reasons-for-war-with-iraq.info/gore_speech_9-29-92.html
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| − | |title =Rewind: Gore Blasts G.H.W. Bush for Ignoring Iraq Terror Ties
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| − | |year = September 29, 1992
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| − | |id =}}</ref> In this speech, he stated that while a senator, he twice attempted to get the U.S. government to pull the plug on support to [[Saddam Hussein]], citing Hussein's use of poison gas, support of terrorism, and his burgeoning nuclear program, but was opposed both times by the Reagan and Bush administrations.<ref name=92speech/>In the wake of the [[Al-Anfal Campaign]], during which Hussein staged deadly mustard and nerve gas attacks on Kurdish Iraqis, Gore cosponsored the [[Prevention of Genocide Act of 1988]], which would have cut all assistance to Iraq.<ref name=92speech/> The bill was defeated in part due to intense lobbying of Congress by the Reagan-Bush White House and a veto threat from President Reagan.<ref name=92speech/>
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| − | ===1988 Presidential election===
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| − | {{main article|Al Gore presidential campaign, 1988}}
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| − | Gore ran for President in the [[United States presidential election, 1988|1988 United States presidential election]]. He campaigned as a "Southern Centrist" whose main opposition was [[Jesse Jackson]].<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/democracy/gore/stories/gore/index2.html The first presidential run]</ref> On [[Super Tuesday]] he won Arkansas, North Carolina, Kentucky, Nevada, Tennessee, and Oklahoma.<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore"/><ref>[http://www.pbs.org/newshour/retro/super_tuesday_88.html THE FIRST SUPER TUESDAY]</ref> Gore eventually dropped out of the democratic race which went to [[Michael Dukakis]].<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore"/>
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| − | ===Vice Presidency (1993–2001)===
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| − | {{main|Vice Presidency of Al Gore}}
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| − | :''See also: [[Al_Gore_and_information_technology#Vice_President_and_Information_Superhighway|Vice President Gore and the Information Superhighway]]''
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| − | :''See also: [[Al_Gore_and_the_environment#Congress_and_vice-presidency|Vice President Gore and the environment]]''
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| − | [[Image:ClintonGore2.jpg|thumb|[[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] Gore with [[United States President|President]] [[Bill Clinton]] walking along a colonnade at the White House.]]
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| − | [[Bill Clinton]] chose Gore to be his running mate for the [[United States presidential election, 1992|1992 United States presidential election]] on July 9, 1992. <ref>{{Citation
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| − | |title = THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: Their Own Words; Excerpts From Clinton's and Gore's Remarks on the Ticket
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| − | |year =July 10, 1992
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| − | |id =}}</ref> Gore accepted the position after previously choosing not to run for President. On April 3, 1989, his six-year-old son Albert was nearly killed in an automobile accident while leaving the [[Baltimore Orioles]]' opening day game. Because of the resulting lengthy healing process, Gore chose to stay near him during the recovery instead of laying the foundation for a 1992 presidential primary campaign (it was during this time period that he wrote ''[[Earth in the Balance]]'').<ref name = "Senate.gov-Gore"/>Gore was inaugurated as the 45th Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1993. Clinton and Gore were re-elected to a second term in the [[U.S. presidential election, 1996|1996 election]].
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| − | As Vice President, Gore promoted the development of what he referred to as the ''[[Information Superhighway]]''.<ref name=hightech>{{Citation
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| − | |title = Clinton to Promote High Technology, With Gore in Charge
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| − | |year =November 10, 1992
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| − | |id =}}</ref>In addition, during the Clinton-Gore administration, the U.S. economy expanded according to David Greenberg (professor of history and media studies at [[Rutgers University]]) who argued that "by the end of the Clinton presidency, the numbers were uniformly impressive. Besides the record-high surpluses and the record-low poverty rates, the economy could boast the longest economic expansion in history; the lowest unemployment since the early 1970s; and the lowest poverty rates for single mothers, black Americans, and the aged."<ref name="econ">{{ cite web |url = http://www.slate.com/id/2183941/pagenum/all/#page_start |title = Memo to Obama Fans: Clinton's presidency was not a failure.|accessdate = 2005-02-13 |publisher = [[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]}}</ref>
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| − | In 1996 Gore was criticized for attending an event at the [[Buddhist]] [[Hsi Lai Temple]] in [[Hacienda Heights, California]]. In an interview on [[NBC]]'s ''[[Today (NBC program)|Today]]'' the following year, he stated that, "I did not know that it was a fund-raiser. I knew it was a political event, and I knew there were finance people that were going to be present, and so that alone should have told me, 'This is inappropriate and this is a mistake; don't do this.' And I take responsibility for that. It was a mistake."<ref name=goremistake>[http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1997/01/24/gore.fundraiser/ "Gore Admits Temple Fund-Raiser Was A 'Mistake'"], ''CNN.com'', [[January 24|Jan. 24]], 1997</ref> In March 1997, Vice President Gore also had to explain certain fund-raising calls he made to solicit funds for the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] for the 1996 election.<ref name=fundcnn>[http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1997/03/02/gore/ "Fund-Raising Questions Focus On Gore"], ''CNN'' "AllPolitics," March 2, 1997, Retrieved: October 15, 2007</ref> In a news conference, Gore responded that, "all calls that I made were charged to the Democratic National Committee. I was advised there was nothing wrong with that. My counsel tells me there is no controlling legal authority that says that is any violation of any law."<ref name=nocontrol1>As quoted in [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/white_house/march97/fund_3-6.html "The Money Trail"], NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, transcript, ''PBS'', March 6, 1997, Retrieved: October 15, 2007</ref>
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| − | ===2000 Presidential election===
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| − | {{main article|Al Gore presidential campaign, 2000}}
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| − | [[Image:Gorelieberman.jpg|thumb|Gore/Lieberman 2000 campaign logo]]
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| − | After two terms as Vice President, Gore ran for President in the [[United States presidential election, 2000|2000 United States Presidential election]], selecting Senator [[Joe Lieberman]] to be his vice-presidential running mate. Gore's policies had changed substantially from his [[Al Gore presidential campaign, 1988|1988 Presidential campaign]] when he ran as a Southern Centrist, reflecting his eight years as Vice President.<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/features/july-dec00/whocareswhowins.html Presidential Candidates Stances on the Issues]</ref>
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| − | On election night, news networks first called [[Florida]] for Gore, later retracted the projection, and then called Florida for Bush, before finally retracting that projection as well.<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/newshour/media/election2000/election_night.html Online NewsHour]</ref> Florida's [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Secretary of State]], [[Katherine Harris]], eventually certified Florida's vote count.<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/2000/ALLPOLITICS/stories/11/26/presidential.election/index.html Bush begins transition, urges Gore not to contest]</ref> This led to the [[Florida election recount]], a move to further examine the [[United States presidential election in Florida, 2000|Florida results]]. The Florida recount was stopped a few weeks later by the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. In the ruling, ''[[Bush v. Gore]]'', the Florida recount was called unconstitutional and that no constitutionally valid recount could be completed by the December 12 deadline, effectively ending the recounts. This 7-2 vote ruled that the standards the Florida Supreme Court provided for a recount as unconstitutional due to violations of the Equal Protection Clause of the [[Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution|Fourteenth Amendment]], and further ruled 5-4 that no constitutionally valid recount could be completed by the December 12 deadline. This case ordered an end to recounting underway in selected Florida counties, effectively giving [[George W. Bush]] a 534 vote victory in Florida and consequently Florida's 27 [[electoral votes]] and the presidency.<ref>[http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/00-949.ZPC.html Supreme Court Collection: Bush v. Gore]</ref> The results of the decision led to Gore winning the [[popular vote]] by approximately 500,000 votes nationwide, but receiving 266 electoral votes to Bush's 271 (1 DC Elector abstained).<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/pacific/magazine/20001120/schlesinger.html "It's a Mess, But We've Been Through It Before"]. ''Time Magazine''. Retrieved on September 6, 2006</ref>
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| − | Gore strongly disagreed with the Court's decision, but decided "for the sake of our unity as a people and the strength of our democracy, I offer my concession."<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2000/transcripts/121300/t651213.html VICE PRESIDENT AL GORE DELIVERS REMARKS]</ref>
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| − | The election was one of the most controversial in recent American history.<ref name = "Britannica-Gore"/><ref name = "Cornell-BushvGore"/>
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| − | ===2004 Presidential election===
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| − | Initially, Al Gore was a potential candidate for the [[United States presidential election, 2004|2004 Presidential Election]] leading to the creation of the bumper sticker "Re-elect Gore in 2004!"<ref>[http://www.demstore.com/cgi-local/SoftCart.exe/scstore/Gore/99-3001-00.shtml?E+scstore Gore in 2004 Bumper Sticker]</ref> On December 16, 2002, however, Gore announced that he would not run in 2004, stating, "I personally have the energy and drive and ambition to make another campaign, but I don't think it's the right thing for me to do [...] I think that a campaign that would be a rematch between myself and President Bush would inevitably involve a focus on the past that would in some measure distract from the focus on the future that I think all campaigns have to be about."<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/12/15/gore/ Gore Says He Won't Run in 2004]</ref> Despite Gore taking himself out of the race, a handful of his supporters formed a national campaign to "[[political draft|draft]]" him into running.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4176/is_20030331/ai_n14545655 Oaklander leads effort to draft Gore in '04]</ref>
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| − | The draft effort came to an end in December 2003 when Gore publicly endorsed [[Governor of Vermont]] [[Howard Dean]] (over his former running mate Lieberman) weeks before the first primary of the election cycle.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/12/09/elec04.prez.gore.dean/ Al Gore endorses Howard Dean]</ref> Gore's endorsement was met with criticism by eight Democratic contenders including [[John Kerry]].<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/12/09/elec04.prez.debate.ap/index.html Gore's endorsement stirs debate]</ref><ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/12/12/opinion/main588307.shtml Why Al Gore Really Endorsed Howard Dean]</ref> Dean's candidacy eventually failed and he left the race in February, 2004.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/02/18/politics/main601046.shtml The Rise And Fall Of Howard Dean]</ref> On February 9, 2004, the eve of the [[Tennessee]] primary, Gore gave what some consider his harshest criticism of the president yet when he accused [[George W. Bush]] of betraying the country by using the 9/11 attacks as a justification for the invasion of Iraq. Gore also urged all Democrats to unite behind their eventual nominee proclaiming, "Any one of these candidates is far better than George W. Bush."<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/politics/campaign/09GORE.html?ex=1391662800&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;en=274a3e8d8a276fef&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND Gore Says Bush Betrayed the U.S. by Using 9/11 as a Reason for War in Iraq]</ref> In March 2004 Gore, along with former Presidents [[Bill Clinton]] and [[Jimmy Carter]], united behind [[John Kerry]] as the presumptive Democratic nominee.<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4176/is_20040326/ai_n14571072 Clinton, Carter and Gore at Democrat unity fete]</ref>
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| − | On April 28, 2004, Gore announced that he would be donating $6 million to support Kerry and Democratic Party groups. Drawing from his funds left over from [[Al Gore presidential campaign, 2000|his 2000 campaign]], Gore pledged to donate $4 million to the [[Democratic National Committee]]. The party's Senate and House committees would each get $1 million, and the party from Gore's home state of [[Tennessee]] would receive $250,000. In addition, Gore announced that all of the surplus funds in his "Recount Fund" from the 2000 election controversy that resulted in the Supreme Court halting the counting of the ballots, a total of $240,000, will be donated to the Florida Democratic Party.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/29/politics/campaign/29GORE.html?ex=1398571200&en=42fe540e881650bf&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND Gore Giving Leftover Cash of $6 Million to Back Kerry]</ref>
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| − | In July 2004, Gore opened the [[2004 Democratic National Convention]]. He stated, " let's make sure that this time every vote is counted. Let's make sure not only that the Supreme Court does not pick the next President, but also that this President is not the one who picks the next Supreme Court."<ref name = "NewsHour-04dnc">[http://pbs.org/newshour/vote2004/demconvention/speeches/gore.html PBS transcript of Gore speech at 2004 convention]</ref> In reference to third-party presidential candidate [[Ralph Nader]], Gore also stated, "I also ask tonight for the help of those who supported a third party candidate in 2000. I urge you to ask yourselves this question: do you still believe that there was no difference between the candidates?"<ref name = "NewsHour-04dnc"/>
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| − | ===2008 Presidential election===
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| − | Gore was not a declared candidate in the [[United States presidential election, 2008|2008 presidential election]]. However, as he did not reject the possibility of future involvement in politics,<ref name = "nytimes-door"/> the prospect of a Gore candidacy became the topic of public discussion and speculation throughout 2007.<ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/id/77828 Why Isn't Gore Running?]. ''[[Newsweek]] Magazine,'' Dec. 13, 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,20070528,00.html "The Last Temptation Of Al Gore"]. ''[[TIME]] Magazine'', May 28, 2007.</ref> There were also [[grassroots]] draft campaigns including one group which considered a [[Write-in candidate|write-in campaign]] for the [[New Hampshire primary]] on 8 January 2008<ref>[http://www.opednews.com/articles/opedne_john_r_m_071219_dear_new_hampshire_2c_.htm Dear New Hampshire, Please Draft Al Gore]</ref> before it was halted.<ref>[http://www.draftgorenh.com/ Write-In Campaign for Al Gore in New Hampshire Primary Halted.</ref> Other grassroots groups in [[California]]<ref>[http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/show/news_press_release,222809.shtml California Draft Gore Halts Activities]</ref> and [[New York]]<ref>[http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/04/the-draft-gore-movement-sidelined/index.html The 'Draft Gore' Movement, Sidelined]</ref> attempted to convince him to run as well as a number of web-based organizations.<ref>[http://www.algore.org/ algore.org]</ref><ref>[http://www.draftgore.com/ draftgore.com]</ref><ref>[http://draftalgore.meetup.com/about/ draftalgore.meetup.com]</ref><ref>[http://draftgore2008.org/ draftgore.org]</ref><ref>{{cite news |first= |last= |title=America for Gore |url=http://www.americaforgore.org |date= |accessdate=2007-10-08}}</ref>
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| − | The release of ''An Inconvenient Truth'' in 2006 and its subsequent acclaim increased Gore's popularity among progressives.<ref>Jonathan Chait of ''The New Republic'' cites a Daily Kos straw poll and ''An Inconvenient Truth''. [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4188/is_20060604/ai_n16455450 "Gore's popularity soars as Clinton loses her way"]</ref> After ''An Inconvenient Truth'' was nominated for an Academy Award, [[Donna Brazile]] (Gore's campaign chairwoman from the [[Al Gore presidential campaign, 2000|2000 campaign]]) speculated on the possibility that Gore might announce a possible presidential candidacy for the 2008 election. During a speech on January 31, 2007, at [[Moravian College]], Brazile stated, "Wait till [[Academy awards|Oscar]] night, I tell people: 'I'm dating. I haven't fallen in love yet. On Oscar night, if Al Gore has slimmed down 25 or 30 pounds, Lord knows.'"<ref>[http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/02/02/2008-democrats-in-town/ "2008: Democrats in Town"]. ''The New York Times''. (Blog). February 2, 2007</ref> During the award ceremony, Gore and actor [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] shared the stage to speak about the "[[greening]]" of the ceremony itself. Gore began to give a speech that appeared to be leading up to an announcement that he would run for president. However, background music drowned him out and he was escorted offstage, implying that it was a rehearsed gag,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/6401865.stm | title=Washington diary: Al meets Oscar | publisher=''BBC News'' | date=2007-02-28 | accessdate=2008-01-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=2903909 | title=Will Al's Oscar Bounce Put Him in the Race? | publisher=ABC News | date=2007-02-26 | accessdate=2008-02-04}}</ref> which he later acknowledged.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2007-02/2007-02-27-voa40.cfm?CFID=192598583&CFTOKEN=29735485 | title=Gore's Oscar Win Prompts New Political Speculation | author=Jim Malone | publisher=Voice of America | date=2007-02-27 | accessdate=2008-02-03}}</ref> Later that evening his film won the Academy Award and speculation increased about his possible run.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/02/26/politics/main2517329.shtml | title=Gore's Oscar Success Fuels '08 Speculation | author=Mike Allen | publisher=CBS News | date=2007-02-26 | accessdate=2008-02-03}}</ref>
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| − | A nationwide Gallup poll of 485 Democrats and Democratic leaners in mid-November 2007 showed Gore receiving 17% of the votes in a hypothetical Democratic primary, second to [[Hillary Clinton]], tied with [[Barack Obama]], and ahead of [[John Edwards]]. A previous June 29 2007 article in the ''[[The Guardian]]'' cited a poll conducted "in New Hampshire by 7News and [[Suffolk University]]" that found that if Gore "were to seek the Democratic nomination, 29% of [[Hillary Clinton|Mrs. Clinton]]'s backers would switch their support to him [...] when defections from other candidates are factored in, the man who controversially lost to Mr. [[George W. Bush|Bush]] in the 2000 election takes command of the field, with 32% support."<ref>{{cite news |first=Simon |last=Tisdall |title=Poll of Democrats reveals Gore could still steal the show |date=[[2007-06-29]] |publisher= |url =http://www.guardian.co.uk/uselections08/story/0,,2114538,00.html |work =The Guardian |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17}}</ref> An even earlier April 2007 [[Quinnipiac University]] poll of 504 registered Democrats in New Jersey showed Gore receiving 12% of the votes in a hypothetical Democratic primary, in third place behind [[Hillary Clinton]] and [[Barack Obama]].<ref>[http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1299.xml?ReleaseID=1043 "Giuliani Has Same Lead Over Any Dem In New Jersey, Quinnipiac University Poll Finds; Moving Primary Has Little Impact On Voters"]. ''Quinnipiac University''. April 19, 2007.</ref>
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| − | During the primary season in 2008, Gore's communications' director, Kalee Kreider, stated that "former Vice President Gore has no present plans to endorse a candidate." She also stated that, "he has not ruled out that possibility prior to the convention."<ref name="sfchronicle" >{{Citation
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| − | |id =}}</ref> Gore and "a number of other senior Democrats plan to remain neutral for now in the presidential race in part to keep open the option to broker a peaceful resolution to what they fear could be a bitterly divided convention."<ref name="powerbroker" >{{Citation
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| − | |id =}}</ref> Gore has also expressed hope that one candidate will eventually be named through the primary process. <ref name="sfchronicle"/> On March 18, 2008, when Gore met with New York mayor, [[Michael Bloomberg]], he responded to questions from reporters concerning the election by stating, "Nope. Nope. Nope. Nope. Nope. I have no comment. Thanks anyway. I am focused on trying to solve the climate crisis. ... Thank you. Great talking to you guys. Bye-bye."<ref name= >{{Citation
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| − | Despite Gore's comments, as of 27 March 2008, some are still speculating that Gore may come out of a brokered 2008 Democratic National Convention as a "compromise candidate" (perhaps with Obama or Clinton as VP) if the party decides it cannot nominate either of the current candidates. <ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/id/119851/page/1 The Democrats’ Dilemma | Newsweek Voices - Eleanor Clift | Newsweek.com<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref><ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/miles-mogulescu/how-al-gore-could-become-_b_68280.html Miles Mogulescu: How Al Gore Could Become President Without Running in the Democratic Primary - Politics on The Huffington Post<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref><ref>[http://blog.newsweek.com/blogs/stumper/archive/2008/02/15/al-gore-to-the-rescue.aspx Stumper : Al Gore to the Rescue?<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref><ref>[http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2008/mar/24/mark-tomasik-dont-discount-gore-led-ticket/ Mark Tomasik: Don’t discount Gore-led ticket : Columns : TCPalm<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref><ref>[http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1725678,00.html Is Al Gore the Answer?]</ref> Gore responded to this speculation in a 30 March 2008 interview with ''[[60 Minutes]]'' in which he stated that he continues to maintain a neutral position on the subject of the election and is "not applying for the job of broker." <ref>[http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/03/31/gores-commitment-still-to-environment/ Gore’s Commitment Still to Environment]</ref><ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/03/27/60minutes/main3974389.shtml Al Gore's New Campaign]</ref>
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| − | ==Environmental issues==
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| − | {{main|Al Gore and the environment}}
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| − | According to ''[[Concord Monitor|The Concord Monitor]]'', "Gore was one of the first politicians to grasp the seriousness of climate change and to call for a reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouses gases. He held the first congressional hearings on the subject in the late 1970s."<ref>{{ cite web |title = Oscar win was one more first for Al Gore |url = http://www.cmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070227/REPOSITORY/702270330/1027/OPINION01 |date = 27 February 2007 |accessdate = 2007-05-29 |work = Monitor editorial |publisher = Concord Monitor |author = Monitor staff}}</ref> He also starred in the [[Academy Award]] - winning 2006 [[documentary film]] ''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''. The film documents the evidence for [[anthropogenic]] [[global warming]] and warns of dire environmental consequences if people and industries do not make immediate changes to their behavior. It is the fourth-highest-grossing documentary in U.S. history.<ref name="Box Office Mojo">[http://www.boxofficemojo.com/genres/chart/?id=documentary.htm "DOCUMENTARY: 1982–Present"]. ''Box Office Mojo''. (Rankings).</ref>
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| − | [[Image:Al gore nobel.jpg|thumb|left|Gore receives the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in the [[Oslo City Hall|city hall]] of [[Oslo]], December 10, 2007]]
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| − | In February 2007, critics stated that "a report by the [[Nashville Electric Service]] revealed that Mr Gore's mansion in [[Nashville]] consumed between 12 and 20 times more electricity than the average family home and that his electricity consumption had risen since the film's release in 2005."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/ViewArticle.aspx?articleid=3470163 |title=Stephen McGinty - Gore wins Nobel Peace Prize, but do inconvenient truths lie behind the green gloss? |publisher=The Scotsman|date=October 13, 2007}}</ref> [[WKRN-TV]] reported that the Gore family obtains their power from the [[Nashville Electric Service]]'s "renewable energy initiative", ''The Green Power Switch program''.<ref name="Controversy Surrounds Al Gore's Energy Use">{{cite web | title=Controversy Surrounds Al Gore's Energy Use | date=2007-02-27 | accessdate=2007-02-27 |
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| − | url=http://wkrn.com/nashville/news/controversy-surrounds-al-gores-energy-use/80305.htm| publisher=[[WKRN-TV]]}}</ref> ''The [[Detroit Free Press]]'' also noted that "Gore purchased 108 blocks of 'green power' for each of the past three months, according to a summary of the bills. That’s a total of $432 a month Gore paid extra for solar or other renewable energy sources.The green power Gore purchased is equivalent to recycling 2.48 million aluminum cans or 286,092 pounds of newspaper, according to comparison figures on NES’s Web site."<ref name="Critics question how green Gore really is">{{cite web | title=Critics question how green Gore really is | date=2007-02-27 | accessdate=2007-02-27 |
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| − | url=http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070227/NEWS07/70227039| publisher=[[Detroit Free Press]]}}</ref> The [[Associated Press]] reported on 13 December 2007 that Gore "has completed a host of improvements to make the home more energy efficient, and a building-industry group has praised the house as one of the nation's most environmentally friendly [...] 'Short of tearing it down and staring anew, I don't know how it could have been rated any higher,' said Kim Shinn of the U.S. Green Building Council, which gave the house its second-highest rating for sustainable design."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/12/13/gore.home.ap/ |title=Gore Makes Nashville Home more 'Green'. Home|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=October 12, 2007}}</ref>
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| − | Gore has also been criticized by those who argue that he maintains carbon neutrality by purchasing carbon credits from [[Generation Investment Management]], a company for which he serves as Chairman.<ref>[http://www.generationim.com/about/team.html Generation:Team]</ref><ref>[http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=54528 WorldNetDaily: Gore's 'carbon offsets' paid to firm he owns]</ref><ref>[http://www.canadafreepress.com/2007/cover031307.htm Canada Free Press: Creators of carbon credit scheme cashing in on it]</ref> In response, a spokesman for Generation stated that "Gore is not profiting from his crusade against global warming" and that Gore does not purchase carbon credits from Generation. Instead, Generation purchases carbon credits from third party providers such as the Carbon Neutral Company to offset the personal emissions of all employees and their families, including Gore's. He also argued that Generation does not sell carbon credits, nor does it develop them—rather, they voluntarily purchase credits from others on behalf of employees.<ref>[http://www.cnsnews.com/news/viewstory.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200703/NAT20070307a.html Gore's Company Says He's Not Profiting from 'Carbon Offsets']</ref><ref>[http://www.generationim.com/news/memberships.html Generation: Memberships and Initiatives]</ref> Other critics accuse him of attempting to make a huge profit from his global warming activism. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.capitalresearch.org/pubs/pubs.html?id=562 |title=Al Gore's Carbon Crusade: The Money and Connections Behind It. Home|publisher=[[Capital Research Center]]|date=August 2007}}</ref> However, Gore denies money motivates him to fight global warming. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.capitalresearch.org/blog/?p=101 |title=Al Gore Responds to CRC, Denies Global Warming is His Meal Ticket. Home|publisher=[[Capital Research Center]]|date=April 6, 2008}}</ref>
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| − | Gore was awarded the 2007 [[Nobel Peace Prize]], which was shared by the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]], headed by [[Rajendra K. Pachauri]] ([[Delhi]], [[India]]).<ref> {{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7041747.stm|title=Indian's surprise at Nobel award|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2007-10-12|author=[[BBC]]}}</ref> The award was given "for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change" on October 12, 2007.<ref name=nobel2007> {{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2007/ |title=Peace 2007 |accessdate=2007-10-12 |publisher=Nobel Foundation}}</ref> Gore and Pachauri accepted the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 in [[Oslo]], [[Norway]] on December 10, 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.algore.com/2007/12/nobel_prize_acceptance_speech.html|title=Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, December 10, 2007|author=Al Gore|publisher=Al Gore|date=2007-12-10}}</ref><ref>[[Aftenposten]] Newspaper: [http://www.aftenposten.no/english/local/article2145488.ece Peace Prize winners issue urgent calls for action]</ref>
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| − | <ref>[http://www.scottlondon.com/photo/oslo2007/01.html Al Gore Wins the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize]</ref>
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| − |
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| − | ==Internet and technology==
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| − | {{main article|Al Gore and information technology}}
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| − |
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| − | Gore has been involved with the development of the Internet since the 1970s, first as a Congressman and later as Senator and Vice-President. Internet pioneers [[Vint Cerf]] and [[Bob Kahn]] stated in the 2000 article "Al Gore and the Internet", that Gore was "the first political leader to recognize the importance of the Internet and to promote and support its development."<ref>{{Cite web
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| − | |last = Kahn|first = Robert
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| − | |coauthors= Vint Cerf
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| − | |title = Al Gore and the Internet
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| − | |date = 2000-09-29
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| − | |url = http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-0009/msg00311.html
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| − | |accessdate = 2007-06-02}}</ref> His ''[[High Performance Computing and Communication Act of 1991]]''<ref>[http://www.congress.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d102:SN00272:@@@L&summ2=m& Search Results - THOMAS (Library of Congress)<!-- Bot generated title —>]</ref> (often referred to as the ''Gore Bill'') was passed on December 9, 1991 and led to the [[National Information Infrastructure]] (NII)<ref>
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| − | {{Citation
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| − | |first =Gary
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| − | |last =Chapman
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| − | |author-link =
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| − | |first2 =Marc
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| − | |last2 =Rotenberg
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| − | |author2-link =
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| − | |editor-last =Johnson
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| − | |editor-first = Deborah G.
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| − | |editor2-last =Nissanbaum
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| − | |editor2-first =Helen
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| − | |contribution =
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| − | |contribution-url =
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| − | |title =Computers, Ethics, & Social Values
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| − | |year =1995
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| − | |pages = [http://www.cpsr.org/prevsite/publications/newsletters/old/1990s/Summer1993.txt The National Information Infrastructure:A Public Interest Opportunity]: 628–644
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| − | |place = Englewood Cliffs
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| − | |publisher =Prentice Hall
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| − | |url =
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| − | |doi =
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| − | |id =}}</ref> which Gore referred to as the "[[information superhighway]]."
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| − |
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| − | In a March 9 1999 interview on CNN's ''[[Late Edition with Wolf Blitzer]]'', Gore stated, "During my service in the United States Congress I took the initiative in creating the internet. I took the initiative in moving forward a whole range of initiatives that have proven to be important to our country's economic growth and environmental protection, improvements in our educational system."<ref>{{cite news |first=|last=|url=http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/03/09/president.2000/transcript.gore/|title=Transcript: Vice President Gore on CNN's 'Late Edition'|work=CNN|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=[[1999-03-09]] |accessdate=2007-06-02}}</ref> This statement was often misquoted by media outlets and led to the creation of a widely spread [[urban legend]] that Gore claimed to have "invented the Internet."<ref>[http://www.snopes.com/quotes/internet.asp Urban legend on Snopes.com: "Al Gore Invented the Internet"]</ref>
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| − | In response to the controversy, Cerf and Kahn argued that, "We don't think, as some people have argued, that Gore intended to claim he 'invented' the Internet. Moreover, there is no question in our minds that while serving as Senator, Gore's initiatives had a significant and beneficial effect on the still-evolving Internet."<ref>{{Citation
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| − | |last1 = Kahn|first1 = Bob
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| − | |author1-link =
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| − | |last2 = Cerf|first2 = Vint
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| − | |last3 = |first3 =
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| − | |last4 = ''et al.'' |first4 =
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| − | |title = Al Gore and the Internet
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| − | |date = [[2000-09-29]]
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| − | |url = http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-0009/msg00311.html
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| − | |access-date = 2007-06-02}}</ref>
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| − | Gore would later poke fun at the controversy on the ''[[The Late Show with David Letterman]]'' when he read ''[[Top 10 list (David Letterman)|Letterman's Top 10 List]]'', which for this show was called, "Top Ten Rejected Gore - [[Joe Lieberman|Lieberman]] Campaign Slogans." Number nine on the list was: "Remember, America, I gave you the Internet, and I can take it away!"<ref>{{cite news |first=Eric |last=Boehlert|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2000/09/14/politics/main233560.shtml|title=Gore Does Dave|work=cbsnews.com|publisher=cbsnews.com|date=[[2000-09-14]]|accessdate=2007-06-02}}</ref>
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| − | Gore has been a member of the board of directors of [[Apple Inc.]] since 2003 and serves as a Senior Advisor to [[Google]] Inc.<ref>{{cite news |first= |last=|url=http://www.apple.com/pr/bios/gore.html|title=Albert Gore Jr.: Former Vice President of the United States|work=apple.com|publisher=apple.com|date=March 2003|accessdate=2007-06-02}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | Gore's 2007 book, ''[[The Assault on Reason]]'' is an analysis of what he calls the "emptying out of the [[marketplace of ideas]]" in civic discourse, which, according to Gore, is due to the influence of [[electronic media]], especially [[television]], and which endangers American democracy; but he also expresses the belief that the [[Internet]] can revitalize and ultimately "redeem the integrity of representative democracy."<ref> Gore, Al. ''[[The Assault on Reason]]'' (New York: [[Penguin Press]], 2007): 270 </ref>
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| − |
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| − | ==Private citizen==
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| − | ===General===
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| − | In the summer of 1999 Gore and his son summited [[Mount Rainier]] in Washington State.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usaweekend.com/00_issues/000730/000730interview_gore1.html |title=Al Gore Summits Mt. Rainier |accessdate=2007-02-24|publisher=USA Today Weekend Addition}}</ref> In late 2005, the Gores bought a condominium at San Francisco's St. Regis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2005/12/prweb326327.htm |title=Al Gore's Move to San Francisco Generates Real Estate Buzz |accessdate=2007-02-24|publisher=Newswire}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | Gore has been involved in education on a number of levels. He taught at four universities in 2001 as a visiting professor ([[Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism]],<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/news/01/01/gore.html "Former Vice President Al Gore to Teach at Columbia's School of Journalism"]. ''Columbia University''. January 25, 2001.</ref> [[Fisk University]],<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_10_99/ai_71190245/print "Al Gore To Teach At Fisk University — Brief Article"]. ''findarticles.com''. COPYRIGHT 2001 Johnson Publishing Co.. COPYRIGHT 2001 Gale Group.</ref> [[Middle Tennessee State University]],<ref>[http://www.mtsu.edu/~famcom/fall02/gore.htm "The Faculty: Al Gore"]. ©2001–02 ''Middle Tennessee State University''</ref> and [[UCLA]].<ref>[http://www.today.ucla.edu/2001/010213gore.html "TRAINING THE NEXT COMMUNITY BUILDERS: Gore taps faculty expertise"]. Copyright 2001 UC Regents.</ref>) He was also elected an honorary Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in April 2007 and was inducted in a ceremony in October 2007 in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].<ref name = "amacad-fellow">[http://www.amacad.org/news/new2007.aspx Academy Announces 2007 Class of Fellows]</ref> Finally, Concordia University awarded Gore an honorary doctorate on March 22 during the Youth Action Montreal's Youth Summit on Climate Change in Quebec, Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://cjournal.concordia.ca/journalarchives/2006-07/mar_22/009006.shtml |title= Hon Doc for Al Gore |work=Concordia Journal |date=|accessdate=2007-06-14}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | ===Political activism===
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| − | On September 23, 2002, in a speech before the [[Commonwealth Club]], Gore criticized President [[George W. Bush]] and [[United States Congress|Congress]] for what he claimed was their rush to war prior to the outbreak of hostilities in [[Iraq]].<ref>[http://www.commonwealthclub.org/archive/02/02-09gore-speech.html Former Vice President Al Gore IRAQ and the War on Terrorism] — September 23, 2002 Commonwealth Club speech transcript</ref> In it, Gore alleged that the war was a risk to America's reputation in the world, and questioned the legality of the [[Bush Doctrine]].<ref>[http://www.consortiumnews.com/2007/082607.html Neck Deep Secret: Gore Was Right]</ref>
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| − | A few years later in September 2005, Gore chartered two aircrafts in order to evacuate 270 evacuees from New Orleans in the aftermath of [[Hurricane Katrina]]. He was highly critical of the government and federal response in the days after the hurricane.<ref>Duncan Mansfield / Associated Press. [http://www.detnews.com/2005/nation/0509/09/nat4%2D309467.htm "Al Gore airlifts Katrina victims out of New Orleans"]. ''The Detroit News''. September 9, 2005.</ref> Later, on January 16, 2006, Gore delivered a speech criticizing President Bush's use of domestic wiretaps without a warrant.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/16/AR2006011600779.html |title=Transcript: Former Vice President Gore's Speech on Constitutional Issues| publisher= | date= | accessdate=2006-09-01}}</ref> Also, on February 12 2006 at the [[Jeddah Economic Forum]], Gore argued that the US government had committed abuses against Arabs living in America after the 9/11 attacks "and that most Americans did not support such treatment."<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/02/13/ap/politics/mainD8FNUKEO0.shtml Gore Laments U.S. 'Abuses' Against Arabs]</ref> Finally, in January 2008, Gore posted a video on the [[Current TV]] website, in support of [[same-sex marriage]]. He stated:<ref>[http://current.com/items/88817757_#88821935 Current TV video: Gay men and women should have the same rights]</ref>
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| − |
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| − | :I think it's wrong for the government to discriminate against people because of that person’s sexual orientation. I think that gay men and women ought to have the same rights as heterosexual men and women — to make contracts, to have hospital visiting rights, to join together in marriage, and I don’t understand why it is considered by some people to be a threat to heterosexual marriage to allow it by gays and lesbians. Shouldn’t we be promoting the kind of faithfulness and loyalty to one’s partner regardless of sexual orientation? Because if you don’t do that, then to that extent you’re promoting promiscuity, and you’re promoting all the problems that can result from promiscuity. The loyalty and love that two people feel for one another when they fall in love ought to be celebrated and encouraged and shouldn’t be prevented by any form of discrimination in the law.
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| − |
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| − | ==Selected honors and awards==
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| − | *2008 Doctor ''honoris causa'', [[École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne]]<ref name = "epfl-doctorate">{{Citation
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| − | |title =EPFL Research Day 2008, in the presence of Al Gore
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| − | |year =Tuesday, April 15, 2008
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| − | |url =http://actualites.epfl.ch/presseinfo-com?id=580}}</ref>
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| − | *2008 [[Dan David Prize]]: "Social Responsibility with Particular Emphasis on the Environment."<ref name= >{{Citation
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| − | |first =
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| − | |contribution =
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| − | |contribution-url =
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| − | |title =Al Gore and Amos Oz Among 2008 Dan David Prize Winners
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| − | |year =Tuesday, February 12, 2008
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| − | |pages =
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| − | |url =http://www.aftau.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=6375
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| − | |id =}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | *2008 ''The Gore resolution (HJR712)'' passed by the [[Tennessee House of Representatives]] which honors Gore's "efforts to curb global warming."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/jan/11/house-passes-resolution-to-honor-gores-efforts/ |title= House passes resolution to honor Gore's efforts |accessdate=2008-01-11 |publisher=knoxnews.com}}</ref>
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| − | *2007 ''[[Gothenburg]] Prize for Sustainable Development''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sr.se/cgi-bin/International/nyhetssidor/artikel.asp?ProgramID=2054&Nyheter=&artikel=1542600|title=Al Gore To Be Awarded Gothenburg Prize For Sustainability |accessdate=2008-01-06 |publisher=[[SR International - Radio Sweden]]}}</ref>
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| − | *2007 [[Nobel Peace Prize]] with the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] (IPCC) (environment)
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| − | *2007 [[Primetime Emmy Award]]: ''Outstanding Creative Achievement in Interactive Television'' for ''[[Current TV]]'' (interactive technology)
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| − | *2007 [[International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]]: ''Founders Award'' for ''[[Current TV]]'' and for work in the area of global warming<ref>[http://www.iemmys.tv/news_item.aspx?id=45 2007 Awards for the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences]</ref>
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| − | *2007 [[Quill Awards]]: History/current events/politics, ''[[The Assault on Reason]]''
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| − | *2007 [[Prince of Asturias Awards|Prince of Asturias Award]] in [[Spain]] (environment)<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.fundacionprincipedeasturias.org/ing/04/premiados/trayectorias/trayectoria815.html |title=Al Gore |accessdate=2007-07-17 |publisher=Prince of Asturias Foundation}}</ref>
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| − | *2007 ''The Sir [[David Attenborough]] Award for Excellence in Nature Filmmaking'' (environment)<ref>Lisa Knox Burns. [http://www.edhat.com/site/tidbit.cfm?id=1656 "Gore to People: It's Up to US"] ''edhat.com''.</ref>
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| − | *2007 Honorary Fellow, [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref name = "amacad-fellow"/>
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| − | *2006 [[Quill Awards]]: History/current events/politics, ''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''
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| − | *2005 [[Webby Awards]]: ''Lifetime Achievement Award'' (interactive technology)
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| − | *1998 The [[Computerworld]] Honors Program Honoring Those Who Use Information Technology to Benefit Society: ''Toshiba America Leadership Award for Education''<ref>[http://www.cwhonors.org/leadership/indexpast.html The Computerworld Honors Program: Honoring Those Who Use Information Technology to Benefit Society]</ref>
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| − | *1993 First Annual [[Cisco Systems]] Circle Award: "In recognition of his visionary leadership in building global awareness of computer networking through the National Information Highway Initiative."<ref name= >{{Citation
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| − | |first =
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| − | |contribution =
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| − | |contribution-url =
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| − | |title =Vice President Albert Gore Accepts Cisco Circle Award
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| − | |year =June 23, 1993
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| − | |pages =
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| − | |place =
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| − | |publisher =cisco.com
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| − | |url =http://newsroom.cisco.com/dlls/1993/corp_062393.html
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| − | |doi =
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| − | |id =}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | ==Electoral history==
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| − | {{main|Electoral history of Al Gore}}
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| − | Gore has been involved in politics since the mid 1970s.
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| − |
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| − | ==Bibliography==
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| − | {{refbegin|2}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = [[The Path to Survival]] |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 2008, forthcoming |publisher = Rodale Books |id = ISBN 1594867348}}
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| − | *''Know Climate Change'' and ''101 Q and A on Climate Change'' from 'Save Planet Earth Series', 2008 (children's books) <ref>[http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/001200803151531.htm Al Gore releases children's Book on climate change ]</ref>
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = [[The Assault on Reason]] |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 2007 |publisher = New York: Penguin |id = ISBN 1594201226}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = [[An Inconvenient Truth]]: The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We can do about it |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 2006 |publisher = New York: Rodale Books |id = ISBN 1594865671}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = Joined at the Heart: The Transformation of the American Family |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 2002 |coauthor = Tipper Gore |id = ISBN 0805074503}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = The Spirit of Family |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 2002 |coauthor = Tipper Gore |id = ISBN 0805068945}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = From Red Tape to Results: Creating a Government That Works Better and Costs Less |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 2001 |id = ISBN 158963571X}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = Common Sense Government: Works Better & Costs Less: National Performance Review (3rd Report) |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 1998 |id = ISBN 0788139088}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = Businesslike Government: lessons learned from America's best companies |first = Al |last = Gore |year = 1997 |coauthor = [[Scott Adams]] |id = ISBN 0788170538}}
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| − | *{{ cite book |title = [[Earth in the Balance]]: Forging a New Common Purpose |publisher = Earthscan |year = 1992 |first = Al |last = Gore |id = ISBN 0618056645}}
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| − | *[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/16/AR2006011600779.html Transcript: Former Vice President Gore's Speech on Constitutional Issues, January, 2006]
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| − | *[http://www.sierraclub.org/pressroom/speeches/2005-09-09algore.asp Transcript of Al Gore's speech at the Sierra Summit, September 9, 2005]
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| − | *[http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/26/politics/campaign/26TEXT-GORE.html Remarks of Former Vice President Al Gore to the Democratic National Convention, 2004]
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| − | *[http://www.gwu.edu/~action/2004/gore/gore100202sp.html Transcript: Former Vice President Al Gore:Matching our Nation's Economic Course to Our Current Realities — Brookings Institution, October, 2002]
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| − | *[http://archives.cnn.com/2000/ALLPOLITICS/stories/11/27/gore.transcript/index.html Transcript: Gore remarks on Florida vote certification, November 27, 2000]
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| − | {{refend}}
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| − |
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| − | ==See also==
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| − | * [[We Campaign]]
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| − |
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| − | ==Notes==
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| − | {{reflist|3}}
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| − |
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | *[http://www.algore.com/ Official website]
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| − | *[http://blog.algore.com/ Al's Journal]
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| − | {{sisterlinks-author|Al Gore}}
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| − | {{CongBio|G000321}} Retrieved on [[2008-01-15]]
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| − | *{{imdb name|id=0330722|name=Al Gore}} Retrieved on [[2008-01-15]]
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Dan Quayle]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=[[Vice President of the United States]]|years=January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001}}
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| − | {{s-aft|after=[[Dick Cheney]]}}
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| − | {{s-par|us-hs}}
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Joe L. Evins]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=Member from [[Tennessee's 4th congressional district]]|years=1977 – 1983}}
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| − | {{s-aft|after=[[Jim Cooper|James H.S. Cooper]]}}
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Robin Beard|Robin L. Beard]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=Member from [[Tennessee's 6th congressional district]]|years=1983 – 1985}}
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| − | {{s-aft|after=[[Bart Gordon]]}}
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| − | {{s-par|us-sen}}
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Howard Baker|Howard H. Baker Jr.]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States Senators from Tennessee|Senator from Tennessee (Class 2)]]|years=1985 – 1993|alongside=[[Jim Sasser|James R. Sasser]]}}
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Lloyd Bentsen]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets|Democratic Party vice presidential candidate]]|years=[[U.S. presidential election, 1992|1992]], [[U.S. presidential election, 1996|1996]]}}
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| − | {{s-aft|after=[[Joe Lieberman]]}}
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Bill Clinton]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets|Democratic Party presidential candidate]]|years=[[U.S. presidential election, 2000|2000]]}}
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| − | {{s-prec|usa}}
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| − | {{s-bef|before=[[Dan Quayle]]}}
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| − | {{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence]]'''<br/>''Former Vice President of the United States''|years=}}
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| − | {{s-aft|after=[[John Dingell]]}}
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| − | {{end}}
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| − | {{Al Gore}}
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| − | {{Apple}}
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| − | {{Clinton cabinet}}
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| − | {{Nobel Peace Prize Laureates 2001-2025}}
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| − | {{USCongRep-start|congresses= 95th–102nd [[United States Congress]]es |state=[[Tennessee]]}}
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| − | <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] —>
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| − | {{Persondata
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| − | |NAME=Gore, Albert Arnold Jr.
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| − | |ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Al Gore
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| − | |SHORT DESCRIPTION=45th [[Vice President of the United States]]
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| − | |DATE OF BIRTH=March 31, 1948
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| − | |PLACE OF BIRTH=[[Washington, D.C.]] [[United States|U.S.]]
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| − | |DATE OF DEATH=
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| − | |PLACE OF DEATH=
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| − | {{DEFAULTSORT:Gore, Albert Arnold Jr.}}
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| − | [[Category:Al Gore| ]]
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| − | [[Category:American environmentalists]]
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| − | [[Category:American military personnel of the Vietnam War]]
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| − | [[Category:American non-fiction environmental writers]]
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| − | [[Category:American political writers]]
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| − | [[Category:Baptists from the United States]]
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| − | [[Category:Democratic Party (United States) presidential nominees]]
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| − | [[Category:Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees]]
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| − | [[Category:Directors of Apple Inc.]]
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| − | [[Category:Emmy Award winners]]
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| − | [[Category:Gore family]]
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| − | [[Category:Green thinkers]]
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| − | [[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
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| − | [[Category:Internet history]]
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| − | [[Category:Living people]]
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| − | [[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee]]
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| − | [[Category:Nobel Peace Prize laureates]]
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| − | [[Category:People from Nashville, Tennessee]]
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| − | [[Category:People from Washington, D.C.]]
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| − | [[Category:Politics and technology]]
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| − | [[Category:Tennessee writers]]
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| − | [[Category:United States presidential candidates, 1988]]
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| − | [[Category:United States presidential candidates, 2000]]
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| − | [[Category:United States Senators from Tennessee]]
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| − | [[Category:Vanderbilt University alumni]]
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| − | [[Category:Vice Presidents of the United States]]
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| − | [[ar:ألبرت أرنولد جور]]
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| − | [[frp:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ast:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[bn:আল গোর]]
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| − | [[zh-min-nan:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[bg:Ал Гор]]
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| − | [[ca:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[cs:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[da:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[de:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[et:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[el:Αλ Γκορ]]
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| − | [[es:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[eo:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[eu:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[fa:ال گور]]
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| − | [[fr:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ga:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[gl:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ko:앨 고어]]
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| − | [[hi:अल्बर्ट गोर]]
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| − | [[hr:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[io:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[id:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[is:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[it:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[he:אל גור]]
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| − | [[ka:ალბერტ გორი]]
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| − | [[ku:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[la:Albertus Arnoldus Gore]]
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| − | [[hu:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ml:അല് ഗോര്]]
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| − | [[ms:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[nl:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[new:अल गोर]]
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| − | [[ja:アル・ゴア]]
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| − | [[no:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[nn:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[oc:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[pl:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[pt:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ro:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ru:Гор, Альберт]]
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| − | [[scn:Albert Gore]]
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| − | [[simple:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[sk:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[sl:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[sr:Ал Гор]]
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| − | [[sh:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[fi:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[sv:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[ta:ஆல் கோர்]]
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| − | [[th:อัล กอร์]]
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| − | [[vi:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[tr:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[uk:Ґор Альберт]]
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| − | [[yi:על גאור]]
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| − | [[bat-smg:Al Gore]]
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| − | [[zh:阿尔·戈尔]]
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| − | {{Credit|206457664}}
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