Difference between revisions of "Hopi" - New World Encyclopedia

From New World Encyclopedia
({{Claimed}})
 
(copied from wikipedia)
Line 1: Line 1:
 
{{Claimed}}
 
{{Claimed}}
 +
[[Category:Politics and social sciences]]
 +
[[Category:Anthropology]]
 +
 +
 +
{{Unreferenced|date=February 2007}}
 +
{{ethnic group|
 +
|group=Hopi
 +
|image=[[Image:Bandera Hopi.png|center|Hopi flag]]
 +
|poptime=
 +
|popplace=[[United States]] ([[Arizona]], [[California]])
 +
|rels= [[Native Traditional]]
 +
|langs=[[English language|English]], [[Hopi language|Hopi]]
 +
|related=
 +
}}
 +
The ''Hopi'' are a [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] nation who primarily live on the 6,557.262 km² (2,531.773 sq mi) [[Hopi Reservation]] in northeastern [[Arizona]]. It had a [[United States Census, 2000|2000 census]] population of 6,946 persons. Its largest community is [[First Mesa, Arizona]]. The reservation is surrounded by the [[Navajo Nation|Navajo]] reservation.
 +
 +
==Overview==
 +
 +
[[Image:Cliff_perched_homes,_Hopi.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Cliff-perched homes, by [[Edward S. Curtis]], 1906]]The name Hopi is a shortened form of what they call themselves, ''Hopi'sinom'', or "People Who Live in the Correct Way". ''Hopi'' is a concept deeply rooted in the culture's religion, spirituality, and its view of morality and ethics. To be Hopi is to strive toward this concept, which involves a state of total reverence and respect for all things, to be at peace with these things, and to live in accordance with the instructions of [[Maasaw]], the Creator or Caretaker of Earth.  The Hopi observe their traditional ceremonies for the benefit of the entire world. They must be done specifically as instructed by the ''katsinam'' (spiritual beings) and are a time when the katsinam visit the Hopi people to see if they are "living in the correct way".  If they are following the correct way, the katsinam bless them with rain and good crops.  These ceremonies also give the elders access to power, which they use to keep the world in balance. Improper use of ceremonies by non-Hopi can waste this power, leading to ''Koyaanisqatsi'' or "World in Chaos" and the destruction of this, the Fourth World.
 +
 +
The traditional Hopi are organized into [[matrilineal]] [[clan]]s. When a man marries, the children from the relationship are members of his wife's clan.  The child is named, however, by the women of the father's clan. On the twentieth day of a baby's life, the women of the paternal clan gather, each woman bringing a name and a gift for the child. A child can be given over forty names.  The child may use any of these names or may use a non-Hopi name.  A person may also change their name upon initiation into a katsina society.
 +
 +
The Hopi practice and continue to practice their traditional ceremonial culture. However, like other tribes, they have been impacted by the dominant [[American culture]]. Traditionally the Hopi are highly skilled micro or [[subsistence agriculture|subsistence farmers]]. With the installation of electricity and the necessity of having a motor vehicle and the other things which can be purchased, the Hopi have had to deal with the modern [[cash economy]] with many people seeking and holding outside jobs as well as earning money from [[Folk art|traditional craft]]s, particularly the carving and sale of [[Kachina|Kachina dolls]], highly crafted low fire [[pottery]], and other kwaa traditional crafts such as [[Silversmith|silversmithing]].
 +
 +
A few Hopi live on the [[Colorado River Indian Reservation]] on the [[Colorado River (U.S.)|Colorado River]] in western Arizona; for information, see [[Mohave]].  The Hopi have been affected by [[missionary]] work carried out by several Christan [[denominations]]s and also by [[consumerism]] and [[alcoholism]]. However, the effect of missionary work has had relatively little impact traditional Hopi cultural and religious practices. Hopi still practice the complete cycle of traditional ceremonies. These ceremonies are centered around a religious calendar and are observed in the Hopi villages.
 +
 +
==See also==
 +
[[Image:HopiHouse.jpg|thumb|220px|Hopi House near [[Grand Canyon]], stereoptical view c. 1900]]
 +
* [[Hopi language]]
 +
* [[Hopi mythology]]
 +
* [[Kachina]] - spirits, spirit actors, and fetish figures
 +
 +
==Further reading==
 +
[[Image:Part of a Hopi pueblo.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Plaza at Walpi on First Mesa]]
 +
* Susanne and Jake Page, ''Hopi'', [http://www.abramsbooks.com/ Abradale Press, Harry N. Abrams], 1994, illustrated oversize hardcover, 230 pages, ISBN 0-8109-8127-0, 1982 edition, ISBN 0-8109-1082-9
 +
* [http://query.nytimes.com/search/article-page.html?res=9D01E5D9103CF93AA2575AC0A96F958260 New York Times article, "Reggae Rhythms Speak to an Insular Tribe" by Bruce Weber, September 19, 1999]
 +
 +
==External links==
 +
{{commons|Hopi}}
 +
* [http://www.hopi.nsn.us/ Official Website of the Hopi Tribe]
 +
* {{gutenberg|no=15888|name=The Unwritten Literature of the Hopi ''by Hattie Greene Lockett'}}
 +
<!--COMMERCIAL SITE * [http://www.ancientnations.com/ Ancient Nations (Online art gallery for Hopi, Navajo and other pueblo tribes)]—>
 +
*[http://www.kidzworld.com/site/p1389.htm Southwest Indians - www.kidzworld.com]
 +
*{{CathEncy|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07468a.htm|title=Hopi Indians}}
 +
 +
==References==
 +
*[http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTTable?_bm=y&-context=dt&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-CHECK_SEARCH_RESULTS=N&-CONTEXT=dt&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_P001&-tree_id=4001&-transpose=N&-all_geo_types=N&-redoLog=false&-geo_id=25000US1505&-search_results=25000US1505&-_showChild=Y&-format=&-fully_or_partially=N&-_lang=en&-show_geoid=Y Hopi Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Arizona] United States Census Bureau
 +
 +
 +
{{Credits|Hopi|119880215|}}

Revision as of 14:36, 8 April 2007


This article or section does not cite its references or sources.
You can help this encyclopedia by introducing appropriate citations.
Hopi
Hopi flag
Total population
Regions with significant populations
United States (Arizona, California)
Languages
English, Hopi
Religions
Native Traditional

The Hopi are a Native American nation who primarily live on the 6,557.262 km² (2,531.773 sq mi) Hopi Reservation in northeastern Arizona. It had a 2000 census population of 6,946 persons. Its largest community is First Mesa, Arizona. The reservation is surrounded by the Navajo reservation.

Overview

Cliff-perched homes, by Edward S. Curtis, 1906

The name Hopi is a shortened form of what they call themselves, Hopi'sinom, or "People Who Live in the Correct Way". Hopi is a concept deeply rooted in the culture's religion, spirituality, and its view of morality and ethics. To be Hopi is to strive toward this concept, which involves a state of total reverence and respect for all things, to be at peace with these things, and to live in accordance with the instructions of Maasaw, the Creator or Caretaker of Earth. The Hopi observe their traditional ceremonies for the benefit of the entire world. They must be done specifically as instructed by the katsinam (spiritual beings) and are a time when the katsinam visit the Hopi people to see if they are "living in the correct way". If they are following the correct way, the katsinam bless them with rain and good crops. These ceremonies also give the elders access to power, which they use to keep the world in balance. Improper use of ceremonies by non-Hopi can waste this power, leading to Koyaanisqatsi or "World in Chaos" and the destruction of this, the Fourth World.

The traditional Hopi are organized into matrilineal clans. When a man marries, the children from the relationship are members of his wife's clan. The child is named, however, by the women of the father's clan. On the twentieth day of a baby's life, the women of the paternal clan gather, each woman bringing a name and a gift for the child. A child can be given over forty names. The child may use any of these names or may use a non-Hopi name. A person may also change their name upon initiation into a katsina society.

The Hopi practice and continue to practice their traditional ceremonial culture. However, like other tribes, they have been impacted by the dominant American culture. Traditionally the Hopi are highly skilled micro or subsistence farmers. With the installation of electricity and the necessity of having a motor vehicle and the other things which can be purchased, the Hopi have had to deal with the modern cash economy with many people seeking and holding outside jobs as well as earning money from traditional crafts, particularly the carving and sale of Kachina dolls, highly crafted low fire pottery, and other kwaa traditional crafts such as silversmithing.

A few Hopi live on the Colorado River Indian Reservation on the Colorado River in western Arizona; for information, see Mohave. The Hopi have been affected by missionary work carried out by several Christan denominationss and also by consumerism and alcoholism. However, the effect of missionary work has had relatively little impact traditional Hopi cultural and religious practices. Hopi still practice the complete cycle of traditional ceremonies. These ceremonies are centered around a religious calendar and are observed in the Hopi villages.

See also

File:HopiHouse.jpg
Hopi House near Grand Canyon, stereoptical view c. 1900
  • Hopi language
  • Hopi mythology
  • Kachina - spirits, spirit actors, and fetish figures

Further reading

Plaza at Walpi on First Mesa

External links

Commons
Wikimedia Commons has media related to::

References
ISBN links support NWE through referral fees


Credits

New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:

The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:

Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.

Retrieved from https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Hopi&oldid=255486

Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of Use for details.
Copyright Logo
Powered by MediaWiki