Difference between revisions of "Yokohama" - New World Encyclopedia

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{{Infobox Settlement
{{Japanese city
+
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions —>
| Name               = Yokohama City
+
| name                    = Yokohama
| JapaneseName      = 横浜市
+
| official_name          = 横浜市 · City of Yokohama<ref>[http://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/en/ Yokohama official web side] Retrieved October 29, 2020.</ref>
| Island             = [[Honshū]]
+
| native_name            = 横浜
| Region             = [[Kantō region|Kantō]]
+
| native_name_lang        = ja
| Prefecture         = [[Kanagawa Prefecture]]
+
| settlement_type        = [[City designated by government ordinance|Designated city]]
| Area_km2          = 437.35
+
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| Population        = 3,625,000
+
| image_skyline          = Japan Yokohama.png
| PopDate            = August 2007
+
| imagesize               =
| Density_km2       = 8288
+
| image_alt              =
| Postal code        = 2xx-xxxx
+
| image_caption          = From top left: [[Minato Mirai 21]], [[Yokohama Chinatown]], Nippon Maru, [[Yokohama Station]], [[Yokohama Marine Tower]]
| Area code          = 045
+
| image_flag              = Flag of Yokohama, Japan.svg
| Mayor             = [[Hiroshi Nakada]]
+
| flag_alt                =
| Coord             = {{coor dm|35|26|N|139|38|E|type:city_region:JP}}
+
| image_seal              =
| Tree               = [[Camellia]], [[Chinquapin]], [[Sangoju]]<br/>[[Sasanqua]], [[Ginkgo]], [[Zelkova]]
+
| seal_alt                =
| Flower             = Rose
+
| image_shield            =
| Bird              =  
+
| shield_alt              =
| SymbolImage        = Flag of Yokohama, Japan.svg
+
| image_blank_emblem      =
| CityHallPostalCode = 231-0017
+
| nickname                =
| CityHallAddress    = Yokohama-shi,<br/>Naka-ku, Minato-cho 1-1
+
| motto                  =
| CityHallPhone      = 045-671-2121
+
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| CityHallLink      = [http://www.city.yokohama.jp/en/ Yokohama City official site]
+
| image_map              = Yokohama-CityMap.png
| CityMap            = Yokohama-CityMap.png
+
| map_alt                =
| Elevation          = 0.5
+
| map_caption             = <small>Location of Yokohama in [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]]</small>
 +
| image_dot_map          =
 +
| dot_mapsize            =
 +
| dot_map_base_alt        =
 +
| dot_map_alt            =
 +
| dot_map_caption        =
 +
| dot_x = |dot_y =
 +
| pushpin_map            =
 +
| pushpin_label_position  = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none —>
 +
| pushpin_map_alt        =
 +
| pushpin_map_caption    = &nbsp;
 +
| latd  = 35 | latm  = 26 | lats  = | latNS = N
 +
| longd = 139 | longm = 38 | longs =| longEW = E
 +
| coor_pinpoint          = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) —>
 +
| coordinates_display    = inline,title
 +
| coordinates_footnotes  = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags —>
 +
<!-- location ------------------>
 +
| coordinates_region        = JP
 +
| subdivision_type        = Country
 +
| subdivision_name        = Japan
 +
| subdivision_type1      = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]]
 +
| subdivision_name1      = [[Kantō region|Kantō]]
 +
| subdivision_type2      = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
 +
| subdivision_name2      = [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]]
 +
| subdivision_type3      =
 +
| subdivision_name3      =
 +
<!-- established --------------->
 +
| established_title      = <!-- Settled —>
 +
| established_date       =
 +
| founder                =
 +
| named_for              =
 +
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
 +
| seat_type              = <!-- defaults to: Seat —>
 +
| seat                    =
 +
<!-- government type, leaders -->
 +
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags —>
 +
| leader_party            =
 +
| leader_title            = Mayor
 +
| leader_name            = [[Fumiko Hayashi (businessperson)|Fumiko Hayashi]]
 +
| leader_title1          =
 +
| leader_name1            = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 —>
 +
<!-- display settings  --------->
 +
| total_type             = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows —>
 +
| unit_pref              = Metric
 +
<!-- area ---------------------->
 +
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink —>
 +
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags —>
 +
| area_total_km2          = 437.38
 +
| area_land_km2          =
 +
| area_water_km2          =
 +
| area_water_percent      =
 +
| area_note              =
 +
<!-- elevation ----------------->
 +
| elevation_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags —>
 +
| elevation_m            =
 +
<!-- population ---------------->
 +
| population_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags —>
 +
| population_total      = 3732616
 +
| population_as_of      = October 1, 2016
 +
| population_density_km2 = 8534.03
 +
| population_est          =
 +
| pop_est_as_of          =
 +
| population_demonym      = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool —>
 +
| population_note        =
 +
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
 +
| timezone1              = [[Japan Standard Time]]
 +
| utc_offset1            = +9
 +
| timezone1_DST          =
 +
| utc_offset1_DST        =
 +
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
 +
| postal_code_type        =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... —>
 +
| postal_code            =
 +
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) —>
 +
| area_code              =
 +
<!-- blank fields (section 1) —>
 +
| blank_name_sec1        = City Symbols
 +
| blank1_name_sec1        = – Tree
 +
| blank1_info_sec1        = [[Camellia]], [[Chinquapin]], [[Sangoju]]<br />[[Camellia sasanqua|Sasanqua]], [[Ginkgo biloba|Ginkgo]], [[Zelkova]]
 +
| blank2_name_sec1        = – Flower
 +
| blank2_info_sec1        = Rose
 +
<!-- blank fields (section 2) —>
 +
| blank_name_sec2        = Phone&nbsp;number
 +
| blank_info_sec2        = 045-671-2121
 +
| blank1_name_sec2        = Address
 +
| blank1_info_sec2        = 1-1 Minato-chō, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken<br/>231-0017
 +
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
 +
| website                = [http://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp www.city.yokohama.lg.jp]
 +
| footnotes              =
 
}}
 
}}
  
{{nihongo|'''Yokohama'''|横浜市|Yokohama-shi}} is the capital of [[Kanagawa Prefecture]] and, with a population of 3.6 million, [[Japan]]'s largest [[cities of Japan|city]] after [[Tokyo]]<ref>Tokyo is not a single incorporated city.  See the [[Tokyo|Tokyo article]] for more information on the definition and makeup of Tokyo. Retrieved December 18, 2007.</ref>, located in the [[Kantō region]] of the main island of [[Honshū]]. Yokohama is a major commercial hub of the [[Greater Tokyo Area]]. Yokohama was a small fishing village until Commodore Matthew Perry and his United States navy ships forced the Japanese shogunate to open some ports to foreign trade. Yokohama was thought to be sufficiently isolated, and the [[Port of Yokohama]] was opened on  June 2, 1859. The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base for foreign trade in Japan. Many Western influences were first implemented in Yokohama, including Japan's first daily newspaper (1870), gas-powered street lamps (1872), railway (1872), and coal burning power plant (1887).  
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{{nihongo|'''Yokohama'''|横浜市|Yokohama-shi}} is the capital of [[Kanagawa Prefecture]] and, with a population of 3.6 million, [[Japan]]'s largest [[cities of Japan|city]] after [[Tokyo]], located in the [[Kantō region]] of the main island of [[Honshū]]. Yokohama is a major commercial hub of the [[Greater Tokyo Area]]. Yokohama was a small fishing village until Commodore [[Matthew Perry]] and his United States navy ships forced the Japanese shogunate to open some ports to foreign trade. Yokohama was thought to be sufficiently isolated, and the [[Port of Yokohama]] was opened on  June 2, 1859. The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base for foreign trade in Japan. Many Western influences were first implemented in Yokohama, including Japan's first daily newspaper (1870), gas-powered street lamps (1872), railway (1872), and coal burning power plant (1887).  
 
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{{toc}}
Yokohama was nearly destroyed by the Kanto Earthquake in 1923, and by fire bombing during World War II. Today it is one of Japan’s major [[seaport|ports]] along with [[Kobe]], [[Osaka]], [[Nagoya, Aichi|Nagoya]], [[Hakata-ku, Fukuoka|Hakata]], [[Tokyo]] and [[Chiba, Chiba|Chiba]]. It still boasts a large foreign population, and the largest Chinatown in Japan.
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Yokohama was nearly destroyed by the Kanto Earthquake in 1923, and by fire bombing during World War II. Today it is one of Japan’s major [[seaport|ports]] along with [[Kobe]], [[Osaka]], [[Nagoya, Aichi|Nagoya]], [[Hakata-ku, Fukuoka|Hakata]], [[Tokyo]], and [[Chiba, Chiba|Chiba]]. It still boasts a large foreign population, and the largest Chinatown in Japan.
  
 
== History ==
 
== History ==
Until the end of the feudal [[Edo period]], when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, and had little contact with Western foreigners, Yokohama was a small fishing village. In 1853, and again in 1854, Commodore [[Matthew Perry (naval officer)|Matthew Perry]] arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of [[United States|American]] warships, demanding that Japan open several ports for commerce, and forced the ruling [[Tokugawa shogunate]] to accept. It was initially agreed that one of the ports to be opened to foreign ships would be the bustling town of [[Kanagawa-juku]] (in what is now [[Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama|Kanagawa Ward]]) on the [[Tōkaidō (road)|Tōkaidō]], a strategic highway which linked [[Edo]] to [[Kyoto, Kyoto|Kyoto]] and [[Osaka, Osaka|Osaka]]. However, the Tokugawa shogunate decided that the location of Kanagawa-juku was too close to the Tōkaidō for comfort, and port facilities were built across the inlet in the sleepy fishing village of Yokohama instead. The [[Port of Yokohama]] was opened on June 2, 1859.
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Until the end of the feudal [[Edo period]], when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, and had little contact with Western foreigners, Yokohama was a small fishing village. In 1853, and again in 1854, Commodore [[Matthew Perry (naval officer)|Matthew Perry]] arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of [[United States|American]] warships, demanding that Japan open several ports for commerce, and forced the ruling [[Tokugawa shogunate]] to accept. It was initially agreed that one of the ports to be opened to foreign ships would be the bustling town of [[Kanagawa-juku]] (in what is now [[Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama|Kanagawa Ward]]) on the [[Tōkaidō (road)|Tōkaidō]], a strategic highway which linked [[Edo]] to [[Kyoto, Kyoto|Kyoto]] and [[Osaka, Osaka|Osaka]]. However, the Tokugawa shogunate decided that the location of Kanagawa-juku was too close to the Tōkaidō for comfort, and port facilities were built across the inlet in the sleepy fishing village of Yokohama instead. The [[Port of Yokohama]] was opened on June 2, 1859.
  
[[Image:1853Yokohama 01.jpg|left|thumb|240px|Landing of Commodore Perry, officers & men of the squadron, to meet the Imperial commissioners at Yoku-Hama (Yokohama?) July 14, 1853. Lithograph by Sarony & Co., 1855, after [[Wilhelm Heine]].]]
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[[Image:1853Yokohama 01.jpg|left|thumb|250px|Landing of Commodore Perry, officers & men of the squadron, to meet the Imperial commissioners at Yoku-Hama (Yokohama?) July 14, 1853. Lithograph by Sarony & Co., 1855, after [[Wilhelm Heine]].]]
[[Image:Yokohama Koreanwar.jpg|right|thumb|240px|During the [[Korean War]], the [[United States Navy]] used Yokohama's port as a transshipment base. This ship departed Yokohama in 1951, carrying war dead home to the U.S.]]
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[[Image:Yokohama Koreanwar.jpg|right|thumb|250px|During the [[Korean War]], the [[United States Navy]] used Yokohama's port as a transshipment base. This ship departed Yokohama in 1951, carrying war dead home to the U.S.]]
  
The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base for foreign trade in Japan. Japan's first English language newspaper, the Japan Herald, was first published in Yokohama in 1861. Foreigners occupied a district of the city called 'Kannai' ("inside the barrier"), which was surrounded by a [[moat]], and were protected by their [[extraterritoriality]] status both within and outside the moat. Many individuals crossed the moat, causing a number of problems. The [[Namamugi Incident]], one of the events that preceded the downfall of the shogunate, took place in what is now [[Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama|Tsurumi Ward]] in 1862. Four British subjects were on their way to visit a shrine when they failed to show proper respect to the father of the [[Daimyo]] of Satsuma, [[Shimazu Hisamitsu]], as he was passing in the other direction with a thousand-man contingent of guards. The Britons were attacked for disrespecting Shimazu, and one of them was killed. In retaliation, British warships engaged Satsuma a year later in the [[Anglo-Satsuma War]], a naval [[bombardment of Kagoshima]] which awoke the samurai of the Choshu region to the urgent need for modernization in Japan. [[Ernest Satow]] wrote about the incident in his ''A Diplomat in Japan.''   
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The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base for foreign trade in Japan. Japan's first English language newspaper, the ''Japan Herald,'' was first published in Yokohama in 1861. Foreigners occupied a district of the city called "Kannai" ("inside the barrier"), which was surrounded by a [[moat]], and were protected by their [[extraterritoriality]] status both within and outside the moat. Many individuals crossed the moat, causing a number of problems. The [[Namamugi Incident]], one of the events that preceded the downfall of the shogunate, took place in what is now [[Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama|Tsurumi Ward]] in 1862. Four British subjects were on their way to visit a shrine when they failed to show proper respect to the father of the [[Daimyo]] of Satsuma, [[Shimazu Hisamitsu]], as he was passing in the other direction with a thousand-man contingent of guards. The Britons were attacked for disrespecting Shimazu, and one of them was killed. In retaliation, British warships engaged Satsuma a year later in the [[Anglo-Satsuma War]], a naval [[bombardment of Kagoshima]] which awoke the samurai of the Choshu region to the urgent need for modernization in Japan. [[Ernest Satow]] wrote about the incident in his ''A Diplomat in Japan.''   
  
 
After the [[Meiji Restoration]] of 1868, the port of Yokohama was developed for trading [[silk]], with the main trading partner being [[Great Britain]]. Many Western influences first reached Japan in Yokohama, including Japan's first daily newspaper (1870) and Japan's first gas-powered street lamps (1872). Japan's first railway was constructed in the same year to connect Yokohama to Shinagawa and Shimbashi in Tokyo. In 1887, a British merchant, [[Samuel Cocking]], built the city's first power plant, a coal burning plant, at first for his own use, but it became the basis for the Yokohama Cooperative Electric Light Company. The city was officially incorporated on April 1, 1889. By the time the extraterritoriality of foreigner areas was abolished in 1899, Yokohama was the most international city in Japan, with foreigner areas stretching from Kannai to the [[Yamate|Yamate Bluff]] area and the large [[Yokohama Chinatown]].
 
After the [[Meiji Restoration]] of 1868, the port of Yokohama was developed for trading [[silk]], with the main trading partner being [[Great Britain]]. Many Western influences first reached Japan in Yokohama, including Japan's first daily newspaper (1870) and Japan's first gas-powered street lamps (1872). Japan's first railway was constructed in the same year to connect Yokohama to Shinagawa and Shimbashi in Tokyo. In 1887, a British merchant, [[Samuel Cocking]], built the city's first power plant, a coal burning plant, at first for his own use, but it became the basis for the Yokohama Cooperative Electric Light Company. The city was officially incorporated on April 1, 1889. By the time the extraterritoriality of foreigner areas was abolished in 1899, Yokohama was the most international city in Japan, with foreigner areas stretching from Kannai to the [[Yamate|Yamate Bluff]] area and the large [[Yokohama Chinatown]].
Line 43: Line 130:
 
The early twentieth century was marked by rapid growth of industry. Entrepreneurs built factories along reclaimed land to the north of the city towards [[Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki]], which eventually grew to be the [[Keihin Industrial Area]]. The growth of Japanese industry brought affluence to Yokohama, and many wealthy trading families constructed sprawling residences there, while the rapid influx of population from Japan and Korea also led to the formation of Kojiki-Yato, the largest slum in Japan at the time.
 
The early twentieth century was marked by rapid growth of industry. Entrepreneurs built factories along reclaimed land to the north of the city towards [[Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki]], which eventually grew to be the [[Keihin Industrial Area]]. The growth of Japanese industry brought affluence to Yokohama, and many wealthy trading families constructed sprawling residences there, while the rapid influx of population from Japan and Korea also led to the formation of Kojiki-Yato, the largest slum in Japan at the time.
  
Much of Yokohama was destroyed on September 1, 1923 by the [[Great Kantō earthquake]], killing an estimated 23,000 people within the city boundaries. In the aftermath of the quake, mass murder of Koreans by vigilante mobs, who blamed them for the earthquake, occurred in the Kojiki-yato slum, fueled by rumors of rebellion and sabotage. [[Martial law]] was in place until  November 19, 1923. Rubble from the quake was used to reclaim land for parks, the most famous of which is the Yamashita Park on the waterfront which opened in 1930.
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Much of Yokohama was destroyed on September 1, 1923, by the [[Great Kantō earthquake]], killing an estimated 23,000 people within the city boundaries. In the aftermath of the quake, mass murder of Koreans by vigilante mobs, who blamed them for the earthquake, occurred in the Kojiki-yato slum, fueled by rumors of rebellion and sabotage. [[Martial law]] was in place until  November 19, 1923. Rubble from the quake was used to reclaim land for parks, the most famous of which is the Yamashita Park on the waterfront which opened in 1930.
  
Yokohama was rebuilt, only to be destroyed again by approximately thirty US air raids during [[World War II]]. An estimated 7000-8000 people were killed in a single morning on May 29, 1945 in what is now known as the Great Yokohama Air Raid, when B29s dropped firebombs over the city and in the space of just 1 hour and 9 minutes reduced 34% of the city to rubble.
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Yokohama was rebuilt, only to be destroyed again by approximately thirty U.S. air raids during [[World War II]]. An estimated 7000-8000 people were killed in a single morning on May 29, 1945, in what is now known as the Great Yokohama Air Raid, when B-29s dropped firebombs over the city and in the space of just 1 hour and 9 minutes reduced 34 percent of the city to rubble.
  
 
During the [[Occupied Japan|American occupation]], Yokohama was a major transshipment base for American supplies and personnel, especially during the [[Korean War]]. After the occupation, most local U.S. naval activity moved from Yokohama to an American base in neighboring [[Yokosuka, Kanagawa|Yokosuka]].
 
During the [[Occupied Japan|American occupation]], Yokohama was a major transshipment base for American supplies and personnel, especially during the [[Korean War]]. After the occupation, most local U.S. naval activity moved from Yokohama to an American base in neighboring [[Yokosuka, Kanagawa|Yokosuka]].
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The city's [[tram]] and [[trolleybus]] system was abolished in 1972, the same year as the opening of the first line of [[Yokohama Municipal Subway]].  
 
The city's [[tram]] and [[trolleybus]] system was abolished in 1972, the same year as the opening of the first line of [[Yokohama Municipal Subway]].  
  
Construction of [[Minato Mirai 21]] ("Port Future 21"), a major urban development project on reclaimed land, started in 1983. Minato Mirai 21 hosted the Yokohama Exotic Showcase in 1989, which saw the first public operation of [[Maglev train]]s in Japan and the opening of CosmoClock 21, at the time the largest [[ferris wheel]] in the world. The 860 meter-long [[Yokohama Bay Bridge]] was also opened in 1989.  
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Construction of [[Minato Mirai 21]] ("Port Future 21"), a major urban development project on reclaimed land, started in 1983. Minato Mirai 21 hosted the Yokohama Exotic Showcase in 1989, which saw the first public operation of [[Maglev train]]s in Japan and the opening of CosmoClock 21, at the time the largest [[ferris wheel]] in the world. The 860 meter-long [[Yokohama Bay Bridge]] was also opened in 1989.  
  
In 1993, the [[Yokohama Landmark Tower]], the tallest building in Japan, was opened in Minato Mirai. .
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In 1993, the [[Yokohama Landmark Tower]], the tallest building in Japan, was opened in Minato Mirai.
  
The [[2002 FIFA World Cup]] final was held in June, 2002, at the [[International Stadium Yokohama]].
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The [[2002 FIFA World Cup]] final was held in June 2002, at the [[International Stadium Yokohama]].
  
 
== Geography ==
 
== Geography ==
[[Image:Yokohama.jpg|right|thumb|Landmarks of Yokohama]]
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[[Image:Yokohama.jpg|right|250px|thumb|Landmarks of Yokohama]]
 
Yokohama is centered on an inlet on the western side of [[Tokyo Bay]], 30 kilometers (18 miles) from [[Tokyo]], to which it is connected by a half-dozen railway lines as well as expressways and surface streets, via the city of [[Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki]]. Neighboring cities include [[Yokosuka]] , [[Kamakura]], [[Fujisawa]], [[Zushi]], [[Yamato]], and [[Machida]] of Tokyo.
 
Yokohama is centered on an inlet on the western side of [[Tokyo Bay]], 30 kilometers (18 miles) from [[Tokyo]], to which it is connected by a half-dozen railway lines as well as expressways and surface streets, via the city of [[Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki]]. Neighboring cities include [[Yokosuka]] , [[Kamakura]], [[Fujisawa]], [[Zushi]], [[Yamato]], and [[Machida]] of Tokyo.
  
A major industrial zone known as the Keihin Industrial Area stretches along the reclaimed coastline to the north of the central area towards Kawasaki and Tokyo beyond.
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A major industrial zone known as the Keihin Industrial Area stretches along the reclaimed coastline to the north of the central area towards Kawasaki and Tokyo beyond.  
  
The historic port area of [[Kannai]] used to be the centre of Yokohama, but the area around the transportation hub of [[Yokohama Station]] is now the most prominent commercial district. In between is a major harbor-side redevelopment called [[Minato Mirai 21]]. Much of the suburban areas are comprised of hills. A major residential development called Kohoku New Town, housing about 300,000, is located 12 km north of the city centre. <ref>[http://www.yokohama-city.de/business/location/kohoukunewtown.html Kouhoku New Town]. Retrieved December 18, 2007.</ref>
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The historic port area of [[Kannai]] used to be the center of Yokohama, but the area around the transportation hub of [[Yokohama Station]] is now the most prominent commercial district. In between is a major harbor-side redevelopment called [[Minato Mirai 21]]. Much of the suburban areas are comprised of hills. A major residential development called Kohoku New Town, housing about 300,000, is located 12 km north of the city center.
  
 
==Economy==
 
==Economy==
The city has a strong local economic base, especially in the shipping, [[biotechnology]], and [[semiconductor]] industries. [[Nissan]] plans to move its headquarters to Yokohama from [[Chūō, Tokyo]] by 2010.
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The city has a strong local economic base, especially in the shipping, [[biotechnology]], and [[semiconductor]] industries.  
  
==Places of Interest==
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==Places of interest==
[[Image:Yokohama MinatoMirai21.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Minato Mirai 21]] district of Yokohama, featuring the [[Yokohama Landmark Tower|Landmark Tower]] and surrounding buildings.]]
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[[Image:Yokohama MinatoMirai21.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The [[Minato Mirai 21]] district of Yokohama, featuring the [[Yokohama Landmark Tower|Landmark Tower]] and surrounding buildings.]]
  
The places of interest are mainly around the historic port area of [[Kannai]]. Next to the waterfront Yamashita Park is [[Yokohama Marine Tower]], the tallest lighthouse in the world. Further inland lies [[Yokohama Chinatown]], the largest [[Chinatown]] in Japan and one of the largest in the world. Also in the vicinity is the [[Yokohama Stadium]], the Silk Center, and the Yokohama Doll Museum. <ref>[http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/ycvb/2300.html Yokohama Doll Museum], Official Yokohama city website. Retrieved December 18, 2007. {{en icon}}</ref> There is also a large immigration office, near Yamashita Park. Nearby [[Isezakicho]] and Noge areas offer many colorful shops and bars and, with their restaurants and stores catering to residents from [[China]], [[Thailand]], [[South Korea]], and other countries, have an increasingly international flavor. The small but fashionable [[Motomachi]] shopping area leads up to [[Yamate]], or "The Bluff" as it used to be known, a pleasant nineteenth/early twentieth-century Westerners' settlement overlooking the harbor, scattered with foreigners' mansions. A foreigners' cemetery and the Harbour View Park is in the area. The Rose Garden can be found in the park.
+
The places of interest are mainly around the historic port area of [[Kannai]]. Next to the waterfront Yamashita Park is [[Yokohama Marine Tower]], the tallest lighthouse in the world. Further inland lies [[Yokohama Chinatown]], the largest [[Chinatown]] in Japan and one of the largest in the world. Also in the vicinity is the [[Yokohama Stadium]], the Silk Center, and the Yokohama Doll Museum.<ref>[https://www.yokohamajapan.com/things-to-do/detail.php?bbid=139 Yokohama Doll Museum] ''Yokohama Official Visitors Guide''. Retrieved October 28, 2020. </ref> There is also a large immigration office, near Yamashita Park. Nearby [[Isezakicho]] and Noge areas offer many colorful shops and bars and, with their restaurants and stores catering to residents from [[China]], [[Thailand]], [[South Korea]], and other countries, have an increasingly international flavor. The small but fashionable [[Motomachi]] shopping area leads up to [[Yamate]], or "The Bluff" as it used to be known, a pleasant nineteenth/early twentieth-century Westerners' settlement overlooking the harbor, scattered with foreigners' mansions. A foreigners' cemetery and the Harbour View Park is in the area. The Rose Garden can be found in the park.
  
 
There are various points of interest in the futuristic Minato Mirai 21 harborside redevelopment. The highlights are the [[Landmark Tower]], the tallest building in Japan; Queen's Square Yokohama (a shopping mall) and the Cosmo Clock, which was the largest ferris wheel in the world when it was built in 1989 and which also doubles as "the world's biggest clock."  
 
There are various points of interest in the futuristic Minato Mirai 21 harborside redevelopment. The highlights are the [[Landmark Tower]], the tallest building in Japan; Queen's Square Yokohama (a shopping mall) and the Cosmo Clock, which was the largest ferris wheel in the world when it was built in 1989 and which also doubles as "the world's biggest clock."  
Line 81: Line 168:
 
The city is also home to the [[Central League]] [[baseball]] team, the [[Yokohama BayStars]], and the [[soccer]] teams, [[Yokohama F Marinos]] and [[Yokohama FC]].
 
The city is also home to the [[Central League]] [[baseball]] team, the [[Yokohama BayStars]], and the [[soccer]] teams, [[Yokohama F Marinos]] and [[Yokohama FC]].
  
==Politics and Government==
+
==Politics and government==
The Yokohama Municipal Assembly consists of 92 members elected from 18 Wards. The [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|LDP]] has minority control with 30 seats with [[Democratic Party of Japan]] with a close 29.  
+
The Yokohama Municipal Assembly consists of 92 members elected from 18 Wards.  
  
 
=== Wards ===
 
=== Wards ===
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* [[Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama|Tsuzuki-ku]] (都筑区)
 
* [[Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama|Tsuzuki-ku]] (都筑区)
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
== Education ==
 +
Public elementary and middle schools are operated by the city of Yokohama. There are nine public high schools which are operated by the Yokohama City Board of Education, and a number of public high schools which are operated by the [[Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education]].
 +
 +
[[Yokohama National University]] is a leading university in Yokohama which is also one of the highest ranking national universities in Japan.
  
 
== Sister cities==
 
== Sister cities==
Yokohama has [[sister city]] agreements with the following cities:  <ref>[http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/tourism/mame/a3000.html 8 CIties/6 Ports], Official Yokohama city tourism website. Retrieved December 18, 2007. {{en icon}}</ref>
+
Yokohama has [[sister city]] agreements with 12 cities in 11 nations around the world:
  
 +
*{{flagicon|Côte d'Ivoire}} [[Abidjan]], [[Ivory Coast]]
 +
*{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Cebu City]], [[Philippines]]
 
*{{flagicon|Romania}} [[Constanţa]], [[Romania]]
 
*{{flagicon|Romania}} [[Constanţa]], [[Romania]]
 +
*{{flagicon|Germany}} [[Frankfurt]], [[Germany]]
 
*{{flagicon|France}} [[Lyon]], [[France]]
 
*{{flagicon|France}} [[Lyon]], [[France]]
 +
*{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Manila]], [[Philippines]]
 +
*{{flagicon|India}} [[Mumbai]], [[India]]
 
*{{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Odessa]], [[Ukraine]]
 
*{{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Odessa]], [[Ukraine]]
*{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Manila]],  [[Philippines]]
 
*{{flagicon|India}} [[Mumbai]], [[India]]
 
 
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[San Diego, California]], [[USA]]
 
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[San Diego, California]], [[USA]]
 +
*{{flagicon|Malaysia}} [[Seberang Perai]], [[Malaysia]]
 
*{{flagicon|China}} [[Shanghai]], [[China]]  
 
*{{flagicon|China}} [[Shanghai]], [[China]]  
 
*{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Vancouver]], [[Canada]]
 
*{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Vancouver]], [[Canada]]
 
== Education ==
 
Public elementary and middle schools are operated by the city of Yokohama.
 
 
Public high schools are operated by the [[Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education]].
 
  
 
==Notes==
 
==Notes==
<div class="references-small">
 
 
<references/>
 
<references/>
</div>
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
*Dodd, Jan, and Simon Richmond. 2005. ''The rough guide to Japan''. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 1843532727 ISBN 9781843532729
+
*Dodd, Jan and Simon Richmond. 2005. ''The Rough Guide to Japan''. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 1843532727  
*Hall, Francis and F. G. Notehelfer. 1992. ''Japan through American eyes: the journal of Francis Hall, Kanagawa and Yokohama, 1859-1866''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691031819 ISBN 9780691031811
+
*Hall, Francis and F. G. Notehelfer. 1992. ''Japan Through American Eyes: The Journal of Francis Hall, Kanagawa and Yokohama, 1859-1866''. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691031819  
*Hammer, Joshua. 2006. ''Yokohama burning: the deadly 1923 earthquake and fire that helped forge the path to World War II''. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0743264657 ISBN 9780743264655
+
*Hammer, Joshua. 2006. ''Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II''. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0743264657  
*Matsumura, Janice. 1998. ''More than a momentary nightmare: the Yokohama incident and wartime Japan''. Cornell East Asia series, 92. Ithaca, N.Y.: East Asia Program, Cornell University. ISBN 1885445520 ISBN 9781885445520 ISBN 188544592X ISBN 9781885445926
+
*Matsumura, Janice. 1998. ''More Than a Momentary Nightmare: The Yokohama Incident and Wartime Japan''. Cornell East Asia series, 92. Ithaca, N.Y.: East Asia Program, Cornell University. ISBN 1885445520
*Rowthorn, Chris. 2005. ''Japan''. Footscray, Vic: Lonely Planet. ISBN 1740599241 ISBN 9781740599245
+
*Rowthorn, Chris. 2005. ''Japan''. Footscray, Vic: Lonely Planet. ISBN 1740599241  
*Yokohama 21st Century Forum on Brain Science in the Coming Century, and Takeshi Kato. 2000. ''Frontiers of the mechanisms of memory and dementia: proceedings of the 16th Yokohama 21st Century Forum on Brain Science in the Coming Century, at Viamale, Yokohama, Japan, 10-12 November 1999''. International congress series, no. 1200. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 044450382X ISBN 9780444503824
+
*Yokohama 21st Century Forum on Brain Science in the Coming Century, and Takeshi Kato. 2000. ''Frontiers of the mechanisms of memory and dementia: proceedings of the 16th Yokohama 21st Century Forum on Brain Science in the Coming Century, at Viamale, Yokohama, Japan, 10-12 November 1999''. International congress series, no. 1200. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 044450382X
*Yokohama Historical Property Inspection Committee. 2002. ''City memories: important historical structures in Yokohama''. Yokohama: Yokohama Historical Property Inspection Committee.
+
*Yokohama Historical Property Inspection Committee. 2002. ''City Memories: Important Historical Structures in Yokohama''. Yokohama: Yokohama Historical Property Inspection Committee.
*''The Yokohama project: foreign office architects''. 2002. Barcelona: Actar. ISBN 8495951185 ISBN 9788495951182
+
*''The Yokohama Project: Foreign Office Architects''. 2002. Barcelona: Actar. ISBN 8495951185
*Yonemura, Ann. 1990. ''Yokohama: prints from nineteenth-century Japan''. Washington, D.C.: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. ISBN 087474993X ISBN 9780874749939 ISBN 0874749999 ISBN 9780874749991
+
*Yonemura, Ann. 1990. ''Yokohama: Prints from Nineteenth Century Japan''. Washington, D.C.: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. ISBN 087474993X  
  
 
== External links ==
 
== External links ==
{{Commons|Yokohama}}
+
All links retrieved May 25, 2023.
* [http://www.city.yokohama.jp/en/ Official website]. Retrieved December 18, 2007. {{en icon}}
+
* [http://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/front/welcome.html Official website].  
* [http://www.city.yokohama.jp/me/naka/e/ Naka Ward Office]. Retrieved December 18, 2007. {{en icon}}
+
* [http://yokohama.hostelvillage.com/en/ Yokohama Hostel Village]. {{en icon}}
* [http://www.welcome.city.yokohama.jp/eng/tourism/times/index.html The Yokohama Times]—Upcoming events and announcements, by the Yokohama Conventions & Visitors Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
+
 
* [http://wikitravel.org/en/article/Yokohama Wikitravel: Yokohama]. Retrieved December 18, 2007.
 
* [http://yokohama.hostelvillage.com/en/ Yokohama Hostel Village]. Retrieved December 18, 2007. {{en icon}}
 
* [http://www.photopassjapan.com/yokohama/ Yokohama guide in Pictures] ( Minato Mirai, Chinatown, Yamashita park, Sakuragicho, Stadium, Cosmo World). Retrieved December 18, 2007.
 
  
 
{{Kanagawa}}
 
{{Kanagawa}}
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[[Category:cities]]
 
[[Category:cities]]
 
[[Category:geography]]
 
[[Category:geography]]
[[Category:Japan]]
+
 
  
 
{{credits|Yokohama|154137637|Namamugi_Incident|164531591}}
 
{{credits|Yokohama|154137637|Namamugi_Incident|164531591}}

Latest revision as of 11:13, 25 May 2023

Yokohama
横浜
—  Designated city  —
横浜市 · City of Yokohama[1]
From top left: Minato Mirai 21, Yokohama Chinatown, Nippon Maru, Yokohama Station, Yokohama Marine Tower
From top left: Minato Mirai 21, Yokohama Chinatown, Nippon Maru, Yokohama Station, Yokohama Marine Tower
Flag of Yokohama
Flag
Location of Yokohama in Kanagawa
Location of Yokohama in Kanagawa
Coordinates: 35°26′N 139°38′E
Country Japan
Region Kantō
Prefecture Kanagawa
Government
 - Mayor Fumiko Hayashi
Area
 - Total 437.38 km² (168.9 sq mi)
Population (October 1, 2016)
 - Total 3,732,616
 - Density 8,534.03/km² (22,103/sq mi)
Website: www.city.yokohama.lg.jp

Yokohama (横浜市 Yokohama-shi) is the capital of Kanagawa Prefecture and, with a population of 3.6 million, Japan's largest city after Tokyo, located in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshū. Yokohama is a major commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area. Yokohama was a small fishing village until Commodore Matthew Perry and his United States navy ships forced the Japanese shogunate to open some ports to foreign trade. Yokohama was thought to be sufficiently isolated, and the Port of Yokohama was opened on June 2, 1859. The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base for foreign trade in Japan. Many Western influences were first implemented in Yokohama, including Japan's first daily newspaper (1870), gas-powered street lamps (1872), railway (1872), and coal burning power plant (1887).

Yokohama was nearly destroyed by the Kanto Earthquake in 1923, and by fire bombing during World War II. Today it is one of Japan’s major ports along with Kobe, Osaka, Nagoya, Hakata, Tokyo, and Chiba. It still boasts a large foreign population, and the largest Chinatown in Japan.

History

Until the end of the feudal Edo period, when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, and had little contact with Western foreigners, Yokohama was a small fishing village. In 1853, and again in 1854, Commodore Matthew Perry arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of American warships, demanding that Japan open several ports for commerce, and forced the ruling Tokugawa shogunate to accept. It was initially agreed that one of the ports to be opened to foreign ships would be the bustling town of Kanagawa-juku (in what is now Kanagawa Ward) on the Tōkaidō, a strategic highway which linked Edo to Kyoto and Osaka. However, the Tokugawa shogunate decided that the location of Kanagawa-juku was too close to the Tōkaidō for comfort, and port facilities were built across the inlet in the sleepy fishing village of Yokohama instead. The Port of Yokohama was opened on June 2, 1859.

Landing of Commodore Perry, officers & men of the squadron, to meet the Imperial commissioners at Yoku-Hama (Yokohama?) July 14, 1853. Lithograph by Sarony & Co., 1855, after Wilhelm Heine.
During the Korean War, the United States Navy used Yokohama's port as a transshipment base. This ship departed Yokohama in 1951, carrying war dead home to the U.S.

The Port of Yokohama quickly became the base for foreign trade in Japan. Japan's first English language newspaper, the Japan Herald, was first published in Yokohama in 1861. Foreigners occupied a district of the city called "Kannai" ("inside the barrier"), which was surrounded by a moat, and were protected by their extraterritoriality status both within and outside the moat. Many individuals crossed the moat, causing a number of problems. The Namamugi Incident, one of the events that preceded the downfall of the shogunate, took place in what is now Tsurumi Ward in 1862. Four British subjects were on their way to visit a shrine when they failed to show proper respect to the father of the Daimyo of Satsuma, Shimazu Hisamitsu, as he was passing in the other direction with a thousand-man contingent of guards. The Britons were attacked for disrespecting Shimazu, and one of them was killed. In retaliation, British warships engaged Satsuma a year later in the Anglo-Satsuma War, a naval bombardment of Kagoshima which awoke the samurai of the Choshu region to the urgent need for modernization in Japan. Ernest Satow wrote about the incident in his A Diplomat in Japan.

After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the port of Yokohama was developed for trading silk, with the main trading partner being Great Britain. Many Western influences first reached Japan in Yokohama, including Japan's first daily newspaper (1870) and Japan's first gas-powered street lamps (1872). Japan's first railway was constructed in the same year to connect Yokohama to Shinagawa and Shimbashi in Tokyo. In 1887, a British merchant, Samuel Cocking, built the city's first power plant, a coal burning plant, at first for his own use, but it became the basis for the Yokohama Cooperative Electric Light Company. The city was officially incorporated on April 1, 1889. By the time the extraterritoriality of foreigner areas was abolished in 1899, Yokohama was the most international city in Japan, with foreigner areas stretching from Kannai to the Yamate Bluff area and the large Yokohama Chinatown.

The early twentieth century was marked by rapid growth of industry. Entrepreneurs built factories along reclaimed land to the north of the city towards Kawasaki, which eventually grew to be the Keihin Industrial Area. The growth of Japanese industry brought affluence to Yokohama, and many wealthy trading families constructed sprawling residences there, while the rapid influx of population from Japan and Korea also led to the formation of Kojiki-Yato, the largest slum in Japan at the time.

Much of Yokohama was destroyed on September 1, 1923, by the Great Kantō earthquake, killing an estimated 23,000 people within the city boundaries. In the aftermath of the quake, mass murder of Koreans by vigilante mobs, who blamed them for the earthquake, occurred in the Kojiki-yato slum, fueled by rumors of rebellion and sabotage. Martial law was in place until November 19, 1923. Rubble from the quake was used to reclaim land for parks, the most famous of which is the Yamashita Park on the waterfront which opened in 1930.

Yokohama was rebuilt, only to be destroyed again by approximately thirty U.S. air raids during World War II. An estimated 7000-8000 people were killed in a single morning on May 29, 1945, in what is now known as the Great Yokohama Air Raid, when B-29s dropped firebombs over the city and in the space of just 1 hour and 9 minutes reduced 34 percent of the city to rubble.

During the American occupation, Yokohama was a major transshipment base for American supplies and personnel, especially during the Korean War. After the occupation, most local U.S. naval activity moved from Yokohama to an American base in neighboring Yokosuka.

The city was designated by government ordinance on September 1, 1956.

The city's tram and trolleybus system was abolished in 1972, the same year as the opening of the first line of Yokohama Municipal Subway.

Construction of Minato Mirai 21 ("Port Future 21"), a major urban development project on reclaimed land, started in 1983. Minato Mirai 21 hosted the Yokohama Exotic Showcase in 1989, which saw the first public operation of Maglev trains in Japan and the opening of CosmoClock 21, at the time the largest ferris wheel in the world. The 860 meter-long Yokohama Bay Bridge was also opened in 1989.

In 1993, the Yokohama Landmark Tower, the tallest building in Japan, was opened in Minato Mirai.

The 2002 FIFA World Cup final was held in June 2002, at the International Stadium Yokohama.

Geography

Landmarks of Yokohama

Yokohama is centered on an inlet on the western side of Tokyo Bay, 30 kilometers (18 miles) from Tokyo, to which it is connected by a half-dozen railway lines as well as expressways and surface streets, via the city of Kawasaki. Neighboring cities include Yokosuka , Kamakura, Fujisawa, Zushi, Yamato, and Machida of Tokyo.

A major industrial zone known as the Keihin Industrial Area stretches along the reclaimed coastline to the north of the central area towards Kawasaki and Tokyo beyond.

The historic port area of Kannai used to be the center of Yokohama, but the area around the transportation hub of Yokohama Station is now the most prominent commercial district. In between is a major harbor-side redevelopment called Minato Mirai 21. Much of the suburban areas are comprised of hills. A major residential development called Kohoku New Town, housing about 300,000, is located 12 km north of the city center.

Economy

The city has a strong local economic base, especially in the shipping, biotechnology, and semiconductor industries.

Places of interest

The Minato Mirai 21 district of Yokohama, featuring the Landmark Tower and surrounding buildings.

The places of interest are mainly around the historic port area of Kannai. Next to the waterfront Yamashita Park is Yokohama Marine Tower, the tallest lighthouse in the world. Further inland lies Yokohama Chinatown, the largest Chinatown in Japan and one of the largest in the world. Also in the vicinity is the Yokohama Stadium, the Silk Center, and the Yokohama Doll Museum.[2] There is also a large immigration office, near Yamashita Park. Nearby Isezakicho and Noge areas offer many colorful shops and bars and, with their restaurants and stores catering to residents from China, Thailand, South Korea, and other countries, have an increasingly international flavor. The small but fashionable Motomachi shopping area leads up to Yamate, or "The Bluff" as it used to be known, a pleasant nineteenth/early twentieth-century Westerners' settlement overlooking the harbor, scattered with foreigners' mansions. A foreigners' cemetery and the Harbour View Park is in the area. The Rose Garden can be found in the park.

There are various points of interest in the futuristic Minato Mirai 21 harborside redevelopment. The highlights are the Landmark Tower, the tallest building in Japan; Queen's Square Yokohama (a shopping mall) and the Cosmo Clock, which was the largest ferris wheel in the world when it was built in 1989 and which also doubles as "the world's biggest clock."

The Shin-Yokohama district, where the Shinkansen station is located, is some distance away from the harbor area, and features the 17,000 capacity Yokohama Arena, the Shin-Yokohama Raumen Museum, and Nissan Stadium, once known as the International Stadium Yokohama when it was the setting for the final for the 2002 FIFA World Cup held on June 30, 2002.

The city is also home to the Central League baseball team, the Yokohama BayStars, and the soccer teams, Yokohama F Marinos and Yokohama FC.

Politics and government

The Yokohama Municipal Assembly consists of 92 members elected from 18 Wards.

Wards

Yokohama has 18 wards (ku):

  • Aoba-ku (青葉区)
  • Asahi-ku (旭区)
  • Hodogaya-ku (保土ヶ谷区)
  • Isogo-ku (磯子区)
  • Izumi-ku (泉区)
  • Kanagawa-ku (神奈川区)
  • Kanazawa-ku (金沢区)
  • Kōhoku-ku (港北区)
  • Kōnan-ku (港南区)
  • Midori-ku (緑区)
  • Minami-ku (南区)
  • Naka-ku (中区)
  • Nishi-ku (西区)
  • Sakae-ku (栄区)
  • Seya-ku (瀬谷区)
  • Totsuka-ku (戸塚区)
  • Tsurumi-ku (鶴見区)
  • Tsuzuki-ku (都筑区)

Education

Public elementary and middle schools are operated by the city of Yokohama. There are nine public high schools which are operated by the Yokohama City Board of Education, and a number of public high schools which are operated by the Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education.

Yokohama National University is a leading university in Yokohama which is also one of the highest ranking national universities in Japan.

Sister cities

Yokohama has sister city agreements with 12 cities in 11 nations around the world:

Notes

  1. Yokohama official web side Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  2. Yokohama Doll Museum Yokohama Official Visitors Guide. Retrieved October 28, 2020.

References
ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

  • Dodd, Jan and Simon Richmond. 2005. The Rough Guide to Japan. London: Rough Guides. ISBN 1843532727
  • Hall, Francis and F. G. Notehelfer. 1992. Japan Through American Eyes: The Journal of Francis Hall, Kanagawa and Yokohama, 1859-1866. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691031819
  • Hammer, Joshua. 2006. Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II. New York: Free Press. ISBN 0743264657
  • Matsumura, Janice. 1998. More Than a Momentary Nightmare: The Yokohama Incident and Wartime Japan. Cornell East Asia series, 92. Ithaca, N.Y.: East Asia Program, Cornell University. ISBN 1885445520
  • Rowthorn, Chris. 2005. Japan. Footscray, Vic: Lonely Planet. ISBN 1740599241
  • Yokohama 21st Century Forum on Brain Science in the Coming Century, and Takeshi Kato. 2000. Frontiers of the mechanisms of memory and dementia: proceedings of the 16th Yokohama 21st Century Forum on Brain Science in the Coming Century, at Viamale, Yokohama, Japan, 10-12 November 1999. International congress series, no. 1200. Amsterdam: Elsevier. ISBN 044450382X
  • Yokohama Historical Property Inspection Committee. 2002. City Memories: Important Historical Structures in Yokohama. Yokohama: Yokohama Historical Property Inspection Committee.
  • The Yokohama Project: Foreign Office Architects. 2002. Barcelona: Actar. ISBN 8495951185
  • Yonemura, Ann. 1990. Yokohama: Prints from Nineteenth Century Japan. Washington, D.C.: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. ISBN 087474993X

External links

All links retrieved May 25, 2023.


Shadow picture of Kanagawa Prefecture Kanagawa Prefecture
Cities
Atsugi | Ayase | Chigasaki | Ebina | Fujisawa | Hadano | Hiratsuka | Isehara | Kamakura | Kawasaki | Minamiashigara | Miura | Odawara | Sagamihara | Yamato | Yokohama (capital) | Yokosuka | Zama | Zushi
Districts
Aiko | Ashigarakami | Ashigarashimo | Koza | Miura | Naka
  See also: Towns and villages by district edit



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