Difference between revisions of "List of birds" - New World Encyclopedia

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This page lists living orders and families of [[bird]]s, class [[Aves]].
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{{Copyedited}}
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This page lists living orders and families of '''[[bird]]s''', class [[Aves]].
  
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Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of [[DNA]] analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy offers a different classification.
+
[[Taxonomy]] is very fluid in the age of [[DNA]] analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy offers a different classification.
  
 
This article and the descendant family articles follow the taxonomy of the ''Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds'' (HANZAB) for families largely endemic to that region, and otherwise the ''Handbook of Birds of the World'' (HBW).
 
This article and the descendant family articles follow the taxonomy of the ''Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds'' (HANZAB) for families largely endemic to that region, and otherwise the ''Handbook of Birds of the World'' (HBW).
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==Paleognathae==
 
==Paleognathae==
  
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The flightless and mostly giant Struthioniformes lack a keeled sternum and are collectively known as [[ratite]]s. Together with the Tinamiformes, they form the ''Paleognathae'' (or 'old jaws'), one of the two evolutionary "super orders".
+
The flightless and mostly giant Struthioniformes lack a keeled sternum and are collectively known as [[ratite]]s. Together with the Tinamiformes, they form the ''Paleognathae'' (or “old jaws”), one of the two evolutionary "super orders."
  
−
* '''[[Struthioniformes]]''': mainly southern hemisphere; 12 species, 2 extinct
+
* '''[[Struthioniformes]]*''': mainly southern hemisphere; 12 species, two extinct
−
** [[Struthionidae]]: Ostrich
+
** [[Struthionidae]]*: [[Ostrich]]
−
** [[Casuariidae]]: [[emu]]s and [[Cassowary|cassowaries]]
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** [[Casuariidae]]*: [[emu]]s and [[Cassowary|cassowaries]]
−
** [[Apterygidae]]: kiwis
+
** [[Apterygidae]]*: [[kiwi]]s
−
** [[Rheidae]]: rheas
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** [[Rheidae]]*: rheas
−
* '''[[Tinamiformes]]''': South America; 45 species
+
* '''[[Tinamiformes]]*''': South America; 45 species
−
** [[Tinamidae]]: tinamous
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** [[Tinamidae]]*: tinamous
  
 
==Neognathae==
 
==Neognathae==
  
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Nearly all living birds belong to the super order of ''Neognathae''— or 'new jaws'. With their keels, unlike the ratites, they are known as [[carinate]]s. The [[passerine]]s alone account for well over 5000 species.  
+
Nearly all living birds belong to the super order of ''Neognathae''— or 'new jaws'. With their keels, unlike the ratites, they are known as [[carinate]]s. The [[passerine]]s alone account for well over five thousand species.  
  
−
* '''[[Anseriformes]]''': worldwide; 150 species
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* '''[[Anseriformes]]*''': worldwide; 150 species
−
** [[Anhimidae]]: screamers
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** [[Anhimidae]]*: screamers
−
** [[Anseranatidae]]: Magpie-goose
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** [[Anseranatidae]]*: [[Magpie]]-goose
−
** [[Anatidae]]: swans, geese and ducks
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** [[Anatidae]]*: [[swan]]s, [[goose|geese]] and [[duck]]s
−
* '''[[Galliformes]]''': worldwide except northern Eurasia; 256 species.
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* '''[[Galliformes]]*''': worldwide except northern Eurasia; 256 species
−
** [[Megapodidae]]: mound-builders
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** [[Megapodidae]]*: mound-builders
−
** [[Cracidae]]: chachalacas, guans and curassows
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** [[Cracidae]]*: chachalacas, guans and curassows
−
** [[Tetraonidae]]: grouse
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** [[Tetraonidae]]*: [[grouse]]
−
** [[Phasianidae]]: partridges, pheasants, quail and allies
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** [[Phasianidae]]*: [[partridge]]s, [[pheasant]]s, [[quail]] and allies
−
** [[Odontophoridae]]: New World quails
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** [[Odontophoridae]]*: New World quails
−
** [[Numididae]]: guineafowl
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** [[Numididae]]*: guineafowl
−
** [[Meleagrididae]]: turkeys
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** [[Meleagrididae]]*: [[turkey]]s
−
** [[Mesitornithidae]]: [[mesite]]s
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** [[Mesitornithidae]]*: [[mesite]]s
−
* '''[[Sphenisciformes]]''': Antarctic and southern waters; 16 species
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* '''[[Sphenisciformes]]*''': Antarctic and southern waters; 16 species
−
** [[Spheniscidae]]: penguins
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** [[Spheniscidae]]*: [[penguin]]s
−
* '''[[Gaviiformes]]''': North America, Eurasia; 5 species
+
* '''[[Gaviiformes]]*''': North America, Eurasia; five species
−
** [[Gaviidae]] loons or divers
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** [[Gaviidae]]*: [[loon]]s or divers
−
* '''[[Podicipediformes]]''': worldwide; 20 species
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* '''[[Podicipediformes]]*''': worldwide; 20 species
−
** [[Podicipedidae]]: grebes
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** [[Podicipedidae]]*: grebes
−
* '''[[Procellariiformes]]''': pan-oceanic; 93 species
+
* '''[[Procellariiformes]]*''': pan-oceanic; 93 species
−
** [[Diomedeidae]]: albatrosses
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** [[Diomedeidae]]*: [[albatross]]es
−
** [[Procellariidae]]: fulmars, prions, shearwaters, gadfly and other petrels
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** [[Procellariidae]]*: fulmars, prions, shearwaters, gadfly and other petrels
−
** [[Pelecanoididae]]: diving petrels
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** [[Pelecanoididae]]*: diving petrels
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** [[Hydrobatidae]]: storm petrels
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** [[Hydrobatidae]]*: storm petrels
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*'''[[Pelecaniformes]]''': worldwide; 57 species
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*'''[[Pelecaniformes]]*''': worldwide; 57 species
−
** [[Pelecanidae]]: pelicans
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** [[Pelecanidae]]*: [[pelican]]s
−
** [[Sulidae]]: gannets and boobies
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** [[Sulidae]]*: [[gannet]]s and [[booby|boobies]]
−
** [[Phalacrocoracidae]]: cormorants
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** [[Phalacrocoracidae]]*: cormorants
−
** [[Fregatidae]]: frigatebirds
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** [[Fregatidae]]*: frigatebirds
−
** [[Anhingidae]]: Anhinga and darters
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** [[Anhingidae]]*: Anhinga and darters
−
** [[Phaethontidae]]: tropicbirds
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** [[Phaethontidae]]*: tropicbirds
−
* '''[[Ciconiiformes]]''': all continents; 115 species.
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* '''[[Ciconiiformes]]*''': all continents; 115 species
−
** [[Ardeidae]]: herons and bitterns
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** [[Ardeidae]]*: [[heron]]s and bitterns
−
** [[Cochlearidae]]: Boatbill
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** [[Cochlearidae]]*: Boatbill
−
** [[Balaenicipitidae]]: Shoebill
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** [[Balaenicipitidae]]*: Shoebill
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** [[Scopidae]]: Hammerkop
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** [[Scopidae]]*: Hammerkop
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** [[Ciconiidae]]: storks
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** [[Ciconiidae]]*: [[stork]]s
−
** [[Threskiornithidae]]: ibises and spoonbills
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** [[Threskiornithidae]]*: [[ibis]]es and spoonbills
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** [[Phoenicopteridae]] flamingos
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** [[Phoenicopteridae]]: [[flamingo]]s
−
* '''[[Accipitriformes]]''': worldwide; about 226 species. Some classifications also include the Falconidae.
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* '''[[Accipitriformes]]*''': worldwide; about 226 species. Some classifications also include the Falconidae.
−
** [[Cathartidae]]: New World vultures and Condors
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** [[Cathartidae]]*: New World [[vulture]]s and [[condor]]s
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** [[Pandionidae]]: Osprey
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** [[Pandionidae]]*: [[osprey]]
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** [[Accipitridae]]: hawks, eagles, buzzards and Old World vultures, harriers, kites, and allies
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** [[Accipitridae]]*: [[hawk]]s, [[eagle]]s, buzzards and Old World vultures, harriers, kites, and allies
−
** [[Sagittaridae]]: Secretary Bird
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** [[Sagittaridae]]*: secretary bird
−
* '''[[Falconiformes]]''': worldwide; 60 species. Sometimes included in the Accipitriformes.
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* '''[[Falconiformes]]*''': worldwide; 60 species. Sometimes included in the Accipitriformes.
−
** [[Falconidae]]: falcons
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** [[Falconidae]]*: [[falcon]]s
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* '''[[Turniciformes]]''': Old World, 15 species
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* '''[[Turniciformes]]*''': Old World, 15 species
−
** [[Turnicidae]]: buttonquail
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** [[Turnicidae]]*: buttonquail
−
* '''[[Gruiformes]]''': worldwide; 196 species
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* '''[[Gruiformes]]*''': worldwide; 196 species
−
** [[Gruidae]]: cranes
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** [[Gruidae]]*: [[crane (bird)|cranes]]
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** [[Aramidae]]: Limpkin
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** [[Aramidae]]*: Limpkin
−
** [[Psophiidae]]: trumpeters
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** [[Psophiidae]]*: trumpeters
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** [[Rallidae]]: rails, crakes, coots and allies
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** [[Rallidae]]*: rails, crakes, coots and allies
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** [[Heliornithidae]]: finfoots and Sungrebe
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** [[Heliornithidae]]*: finfoots and Sungrebe
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** [[Rhynochetidae]]: Kagu
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** [[Rhynochetidae]]*: Kagu
−
** [[Eurypigidae]]: Sunbittern
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** [[Eurypigidae]]*: Sunbittern
−
** [[Cariamidae]]: seriemas
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** [[Cariamidae]]*: seriemas
−
** [[Otidae]]: bustards
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** [[Otidae]]*: bustards
−
* '''[[Charadriiformes]]''': worldwide; 305 species
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* '''[[Charadriiformes]]*''': worldwide; 305 species
−
** [[Jacanidae]]: jacanas
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** [[Jacanidae]]*: jacanas
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** [[Rostratulidae]]: painted snipe
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** [[Rostratulidae]]*: painted snipe
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** [[Haematopodidae]]: oystercatchers
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** [[Haematopodidae]]*: oystercatchers
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** [[Charadriidae]]: plovers
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** [[Charadriidae]]*: plovers
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** [[Pluvianellidae]]: Magellanic Plover
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** [[Pluvianellidae]]*: Magellanic Plover
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** [[Ibidorhynchidae]]: Ibisbill
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** [[Ibidorhynchidae]]*: Ibisbill
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** [[Recurvirostridae]]: [[avocet]]s and [[stilt]]s
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** [[Recurvirostridae]]*: [[avocet]]s and [[stilt]]s
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** [[Scolopacidae]]: typical waders or shorebirds
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** [[Scolopacidae]]*: typical waders or shorebirds
−
** [[Dromadidae]]: Crab Plover
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** [[Dromadidae]]*: Crab Plover
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** [[Burhinidae]]: thick-knees
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** [[Burhinidae]]*: thick-knees
−
** [[Glareolidae]]: [[courser]]s and [[pratincole]]s
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** [[Glareolidae]]*: [[courser]]s and [[pratincole]]s
−
** [[Thinocoridae]]: seedsnipe
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** [[Thinocoridae]]*: seedsnipe
−
** [[Pedionomidae]]: Plains Wanderer
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** [[Pedionomidae]]*: Plains Wanderer
−
** [[Chionididae]]: sheathbill
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** [[Chionididae]]*: sheathbill
−
** [[Stercorariidae]]: skuas
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** [[Stercorariidae]]*: skuas
−
** [[Laridae]]: gulls
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** [[Laridae]]*: [[gull]]s
−
** [[Sternidae]]: terns
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** [[Sternidae]]*: [[tern]]s
−
** [[Rhynchopidae]]: skimmers
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** [[Rhynchopidae]]*: skimmers
−
** [[Alcidae]]: auks
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** [[Alcidae]]*: auks
−
* '''[[Pterocliformes]]''': Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species
+
* '''[[Pterocliformes]]*''': Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species
−
** [[Pteroclidae]]: sandgrouse
+
** [[Pteroclidae]]*: sandgrouse
−
* '''[[Columbiformes]]''': worldwide; 300 species
+
* '''[[Columbiformes]]*''': worldwide; 300 species
−
** [[Raphidae]]: dodos
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** [[Raphidae]]*: [[dodo]]s
−
** [[Columbidae]]: pigeons and doves
+
** [[Columbidae]]*: [[pigeon]]s and [[dove]]s
−
* '''[[Psittaciformes]]''': pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species
+
* '''[[Psittaciformes]]*''': pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species
−
** [[Cacatuidae]]: cockatoos
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** [[Cacatuidae]]*: [[cockatoo]]s
−
** [[parrot|Psittacidae]]: parrots
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** [[parrot|Psittacidae]]*: parrots
−
* '''[[Cuculiformes]]''': worldwide; 151 species
+
* '''[[Cuculiformes]]*''': worldwide; 151 species
−
** [[Musophagidae]]: turacos and allies
+
** [[Musophagidae]]*: turacos and allies
−
** [[Cuculidae]]: cuckoos
+
** [[Cuculidae]]*: [[cuckoo]]s
−
** [[Opisthocomidae]]: Hoatzin
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** [[Opisthocomidae]]*: Hoatzin
−
* '''[[Strigiformes]]''': worldwide; 134 species
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* '''[[Strigiformes]]*''': worldwide; 134 species
−
** [[Tytonidae]]: barn owls
+
** [[Tytonidae]]*: barn [[owl]]s
−
** [[Strigidae]]: typical owls
+
** [[Strigidae]]*: typical owls
−
* '''[[Caprimulgiformes]]''': worldwide; 96 species
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* '''[[Caprimulgiformes]]*''': worldwide; 96 species
−
** [[Steatornithidae]]: Oilbird
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** [[Steatornithidae]]*: Oilbird
−
** [[Podargidae]]: frogmouths
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** [[Podargidae]]*: frogmouths
−
** [[Nyctibiidae]]: potoos
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** [[Nyctibiidae]]*: potoos
−
** [[Aegothelidae]]: owlet-nightjars
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** [[Aegothelidae]]*: owlet-nightjars
−
** [[Caprimulgidae]]: nightjars
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** [[Caprimulgidae]]*: nightjars
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* '''[[Apodiformes]]''': worldwide; 403 species
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* '''[[Apodiformes]]*''': worldwide; 403 species
−
** [[Apodidae]]: swifts
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** [[Apodidae]]*: swifts
−
** [[Hemiprocnidae]]: tree swifts
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** [[Hemiprocnidae]]*: tree swifts
−
* '''[[Trochiliformes]]'''
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* '''[[Trochiliformes]]*'''
−
** [[Trochilidae]]: hummingbirds
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** [[Trochilidae]]*: [[hummingbird]]s
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* '''[[Coliiformes]]''': Sub-Saharan Africa; 6 species
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* '''[[Coliiformes]]*''': Sub-Saharan Africa; six species
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** [[Coliidae]]: mousebirds
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** [[Coliidae]]*: mousebirds
−
* '''[[Trogoniformes]]''': Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species
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* '''[[Trogoniformes]]*''': Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species
−
** [[Trogonidae]]: trogons and quetzals
+
** [[Trogonidae]]*: [[trogon]]s and [[quetzal]]s
−
* '''[[Coraciiformes]]''': worldwide; 192 species
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* '''[[Coraciiformes]]*''': worldwide; 192 species
−
** [[Alcedinidae]]: river kingfishers
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** [[Alcedinidae]]*: river [[kingfisher]]s
−
** [[Halcyonidae]]: tree kingfishers
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** [[Halcyonidae]]*: tree kingfishers
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** [[Cerylidae]]: water or belted kingfishers
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** [[Cerylidae]]*: water or belted kingfishers
−
** [[Todidae]]: todies
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** [[Todidae]]*: todies
−
** [[Momotidae]]: motmots
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** [[Momotidae]]*: motmots
−
** [[Meropidae]]: bee-eaters
+
** [[Meropidae]]*: bee-eaters
−
** [[Leptosomatidae]]: Cuckoo Roller
+
** [[Leptosomatidae]]*: Cuckoo Roller
−
** [[Brachypteraciidae]]: ground rollers
+
** [[Brachypteraciidae]]*: ground rollers
−
** [[Coraciidae]]: rollers
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** [[Coraciidae]]*: rollers
−
** [[Upupidae]]: Hoopoe
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** [[Upupidae]]*: Hoopoe
−
** [[Phoeniculidae]]: woodhoopoes
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** [[Phoeniculidae]]*: woodhoopoes
−
** [[Bucerotidae]]: hornbills
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** [[Bucerotidae]]*: hornbills
−
* '''[[Piciformes]]''': worldwide except Australasia; 376 species
+
* '''[[Piciformes]]*''': worldwide except Australasia; 376 species
−
** [[Galbulidae]]: jacamars
+
** [[Galbulidae]]*: jacamars
−
** [[Bucconidae]]: puffbirds
+
** [[Bucconidae]]*: puffbirds
−
** [[Capitonidae]]: barbets
+
** [[Capitonidae]]*: barbets
−
** [[Honeyguide|Indicatoridae]]: honeyguides
+
** [[Honeyguide|Indicatoridae]]*: honeyguides
−
** [[Ramphastidae]]: toucans
+
** [[Ramphastidae]]*: [[toucan]]s
−
** [[Picidae]]: woodpeckers
+
** [[Picidae]]*: [[woodpecker]]s
−
* '''[[Passerine|Passeriformes]]''': worldwide; about 5200 species
+
* '''[[Passerine|Passeriformes]]*''': worldwide; about 5,200 species
−
** '''Suborder [[Tyranni]]''' ("suboscines")
+
** '''Suborder [[Tyranni]]*''' ("suboscines")
−
** [[Tyrannidae]]: tyrant flycatchers
+
** [[Tyrannidae]]*: tyrant flycatchers
−
** [[Acanthisittidae]]: New Zealand wrens
+
** [[Acanthisittidae]]*: New Zealand [[wren]]s
−
** [[Pittidae]]: pittas
+
** [[Pittidae]]*: pittas
−
** [[Eurylaimidae]]: broadbills
+
** [[Eurylaimidae]]*: broadbills
−
** [[Dendrocolaptidae]]: woodcreepers
+
** [[Dendrocolaptidae]]*: woodcreepers
−
** [[Furnariidae]]: ovenbirds
+
** [[Furnariidae]]*: ovenbirds
−
** [[Thamnophilidae]]: antbirds
+
** [[Thamnophilidae]]*: antbirds
−
** [[Formicariidae]]: antpittas and antthrushes
+
** [[Formicariidae]]*: antpittas and antthrushes
−
** [[Conopophagidae]]: gnateaters
+
** [[Conopophagidae]]*: gnateaters
−
** [[Rhinocryptidae]]: tapaculos
+
** [[Rhinocryptidae]]*: tapaculos
−
** [[Cotingidae]]: cotingas
+
** [[Cotingidae]]*: cotingas
−
** [[Pipridae]]: manakins
+
** [[Pipridae]]*: manakins
−
** [[Philepittidae]]: asities
+
** [[Philepittidae]]*: asities
−
** '''Suborder [[Passeri]]''' ("oscines")
+
** '''Suborder [[Passeri]]*''' ("oscines")
−
** [[Atrichornithidae]]: scrub-birds  
+
** [[Atrichornithidae]]*: scrub-birds  
−
** [[Lyrebird|Menuridae]]: lyrebirds
+
** [[Lyrebird|Menuridae]]*: lyrebirds
−
** [[Turnagridae]]: Piopio
+
** [[Turnagridae]]*: Piopio
−
** [[Alaudidae]]: larks
+
** [[Alaudidae]]*: [[lark]]s
−
** [[Hirundinidae]]: swallows  
+
** [[Hirundinidae]]*: [[swallow (bird)|swallows]]
−
** [[Motacillidae]]: wagtails and pipits  
+
** [[Motacillidae]]*: wagtails and pipits  
−
** [[Campephagidae]]: cuckoo-shrikes  
+
** [[Campephagidae]]*: cuckoo-shrikes  
−
** [[Pycnonotidae]]: bulbuls  
+
** [[Pycnonotidae]]*: bulbuls  
−
** [[Regulidae]]: kinglets  
+
** [[Regulidae]]*: kinglets  
−
** [[Chloropseidae]]: leafbirds  
+
** [[Chloropseidae]]*: leafbirds  
−
** [[Aegithinidae]]: ioras  
+
** [[Aegithinidae]]*: ioras  
−
** [[Ptilogonatidae]]: silky-flycatchers  
+
** [[Ptilogonatidae]]*: silky-flycatchers  
−
** [[Bombycillidae]]: waxwings  
+
** [[Bombycillidae]]*: waxwings  
−
** [[Hypocoliidae]]: hypocolius  
+
** [[Hypocoliidae]]*: hypocolius  
−
** [[Dulidae]]: Palmchat  
+
** [[Dulidae]]*: Palmchat  
−
** [[Cinclidae]]: dippers  
+
** [[Cinclidae]]*: dippers  
−
** [[Troglodytidae]]: wrens
+
** [[Troglodytidae]]*: [[wren]]s
−
** [[Mimidae]]: mockingbirds, thrashers and Gray Catbird
+
** [[Mimidae]]*: [[mockingbird]]s, thrashers and gray [[catbird]]
−
** [[Prunellidae]]: accentors  
+
** [[Prunellidae]]*: accentors  
−
** [[Turdidae]]: thrushes and allies  
+
** [[Turdidae]]*: [[thrush]]es and allies  
−
** [[Cisticolidae]]: cisticolas and allies  
+
** [[Cisticolidae]]*: cisticolas and allies  
−
** [[Sylviidae]]: Old World warblers  
+
** [[Sylviidae]]*: Old World warblers  
−
** [[Polioptilidae]]: gnatcatchers  
+
** [[Polioptilidae]]*: gnatcatchers  
−
** [[Muscicapidae]]: Old World flycatchers  
+
** [[Muscicapidae]]*: Old World flycatchers  
−
** [[Platysteiridae]]: wattle-eyes  
+
** [[Platysteiridae]]*: wattle-eyes  
−
** [[Petroicidae]]: Australasian robins
+
** [[Petroicidae]]*: Australasian [[robin]]s
−
** [[Pachycephalidae]]: whistlers and allies  
+
** [[Pachycephalidae]]*: whistlers and allies  
−
** [[Picathartidae]]: rockfowl  
+
** [[Picathartidae]]*: rockfowl  
−
** [[Timaliidae]]: babblers  
+
** [[Timaliidae]]*: babblers  
−
** [[Pomatostomidae]]: pseudo-babblers  
+
** [[Pomatostomidae]]*: pseudo-babblers  
−
** [[Paradoxornithidae]]: parrotbills  
+
** [[Paradoxornithidae]]*: parrotbills  
−
** [[Orthonychidae]]: logrunner and chowchilla  
+
** [[Orthonychidae]]*: logrunner and chowchilla  
−
** [[Cinclosomatidae]]: whipbirds and quail-thrushes  
+
** [[Cinclosomatidae]]*: whipbirds and quail-thrushes  
−
** [[Aegithalidae]]: long-tailed tits  
+
** [[Aegithalidae]]*: long-tailed tits  
−
** [[Maluridae]]: fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens  
+
** [[Maluridae]]*: fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens  
−
** [[Neosittidae]]: sitellas  
+
** [[Neosittidae]]*: sitellas  
−
** [[Climacteridae]]: Australasian treecreepers  
+
** [[Climacteridae]]*: Australasian treecreepers  
−
** [[Paridae]]: chickadees and tits  
+
** [[Paridae]]*: [[chickadee]]s and tits  
−
** [[Sittidae]]: nuthatches
+
** [[Sittidae]]*: [[nuthatch]]es
−
** [[Tichodromidae]]: Wallcreeper  
+
** [[Tichodromidae]]*: Wallcreeper  
−
** [[Certhiidae]]: treecreepers  
+
** [[Certhiidae]]*: treecreepers  
−
** [[Rhabdornithidae]]: Philippine creepers  
+
** [[Rhabdornithidae]]*: Philippine creepers  
−
** [[Remizidae]]: penduline tits  
+
** [[Remizidae]]*: penduline tits  
−
** [[Nectariniidae]]: sunbirds and spiderhunters  
+
** [[Nectariniidae]]*: sunbirds and spiderhunters  
−
** [[Melanocharitidae]]: berrypeckers and longbills  
+
** [[Melanocharitidae]]*: berrypeckers and longbills  
−
** [[Paramythiidae]]: tit berrypecker and crested berrypeckers  
+
** [[Paramythiidae]]*: tit berrypecker and crested berrypeckers  
−
** [[Dicaeidae]]: flowerpeckers  
+
** [[Dicaeidae]]*: flowerpeckers  
−
** [[Pardalotidae]]: pardalotes, thornbills and alies  
+
** [[Pardalotidae]]*: pardalotes, thornbills and alies  
−
** [[Zosteropidae]]: white-eyes  
+
** [[Zosteropidae]]*: white-eyes  
−
** [[Promeropidae]]: sugarbirds  
+
** [[Promeropidae]]*: sugarbirds  
−
** [[Meliphagidae]]: honeyeaters and chats
+
** [[Meliphagidae]]*: honeyeaters and chats
−
** [[Oriolidae]]: Old World orioles
+
** [[Oriolidae]]*: Old World [[oriole]]s
−
** [[Irenidae]]: fairy-bluebirds
+
** [[Irenidae]]*: fairy-[[bluebird]]s
−
** [[Laniidae]]: shrikes  
+
** [[Laniidae]]*: shrikes  
−
** [[Malaconotidae]]: bushshrikes and allies  
+
** [[Malaconotidae]]*: bushshrikes and allies  
−
** [[Prionopidae]]: helmetshrikes  
+
** [[Prionopidae]]*: helmetshrikes  
−
** [[Vangidae]]: vangas  
+
** [[Vangidae]]*: vangas  
−
** [[Dicruridae]]: drongos  
+
** [[Dicruridae]]*: drongos  
−
** [[Callaeidae]]: wattlebirds  
+
** [[Callaeidae]]*: wattlebirds  
−
** [[Corcoracidae]]: White-winged Chough and Apostlebird  
+
** [[Corcoracidae]]*: White-winged chough and Apostlebird  
−
** [[Artamidae]]: currawongs, woodswallows, butcherbirds & allies  
+
** [[Artamidae]]*: currawongs, woodswallows, butcherbirds & allies  
−
** [[Pityriaseidae]]: bristlehead  
+
** [[Pityriaseidae]]*: bristlehead  
−
** [[Paradisaeidae]]: birds-of-paradise  
+
** [[Paradisaeidae]]*: birds-of-paradise  
−
** [[Ptilonorhynchidae]]: bowerbirds  
+
** [[Ptilonorhynchidae]]*: bowerbirds  
−
** [[Corvidae]]: crows, jays and magpies
+
** [[Corvidae]]*: [[crow]]s, [[jay]]s and [[magpie]]s
−
** [[Sturnidae]]: starlings
+
** [[Sturnidae]]*: [[starling]]s
−
** [[Passeridae]]: Old World sparrows
+
** [[Passeridae]]*: Old World [[sparrow]]s
−
** [[Ploceidae]]: weavers and allies  
+
** [[Ploceidae]]*: weavers and allies  
−
** [[Estrildidae]]: waxbills and allies  
+
** [[Estrildidae]]*: waxbills and allies  
−
** [[Viduidae]]: indigobirds  
+
** [[Viduidae]]*: indigobirds  
−
** [[Vireonidae]]: vireos and allies  
+
** [[Vireonidae]]*: vireos and allies  
−
** [[Fringillidae]]: finches, crossbills and allies  
+
** [[Fringillidae]]*: [[finch]]es, crossbills and allies  
−
** [[Drepanididae]]: Hawaiian honeycreepers  
+
** [[Drepanididae]]*: Hawaiian honeycreepers  
−
** [[Peucedramidae]]: Olive Warbler
+
** [[Peucedramidae]]*: Olive [[warbler]]
−
** [[Parulidae]]: New World warblers  
+
** [[Parulidae]]*: New World warblers  
−
** [[Coerebidae]]: Bananaquit  
+
** [[Coerebidae]]*: Bananaquit  
−
** [[Thraupidae]]: tanagers and allies  
+
** [[Thraupidae]]*: tanagers and allies  
−
** [[Emberizidae]]: buntings, seedeaters and allies  
+
** [[Emberizidae]]*: [[bunting]]s, seedeaters and allies  
−
** [[Cardinalidae]]: saltators, cardinals and allies  
+
** [[Cardinalidae]]*: saltators, cardinals and allies  
−
** [[Icteridae]]: troupials and allies
+
** [[Icteridae]]*: troupials and allies
  
−
[[credit|36016137]]
+
{{credit|36016137}}
 
[[Category:Life_sciences]]
 
[[Category:Life_sciences]]

Latest revision as of 15:42, 7 September 2007

This page lists living orders and families of birds, class Aves.

Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. The Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy offers a different classification.

This article and the descendant family articles follow the taxonomy of the Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds (HANZAB) for families largely endemic to that region, and otherwise the Handbook of Birds of the World (HBW).

Paleognathae

The flightless and mostly giant Struthioniformes lack a keeled sternum and are collectively known as ratites. Together with the Tinamiformes, they form the Paleognathae (or “old jaws”), one of the two evolutionary "super orders."

  • Struthioniformes: mainly southern hemisphere; 12 species, two extinct
  • Tinamiformes: South America; 45 species
    • Tinamidae: tinamous

Neognathae

Nearly all living birds belong to the super order of Neognathae— or 'new jaws'. With their keels, unlike the ratites, they are known as carinates. The passerines alone account for well over five thousand species.

  • Anseriformes: worldwide; 150 species
    • Anhimidae: screamers
    • Anseranatidae: Magpie-goose
    • Anatidae: swans, geese and ducks
  • Galliformes: worldwide except northern Eurasia; 256 species
    • Megapodidae: mound-builders
    • Cracidae: chachalacas, guans and curassows
    • Tetraonidae: grouse
    • Phasianidae: partridges, pheasants, quail and allies
    • Odontophoridae: New World quails
    • Numididae: guineafowl
    • Meleagrididae: turkeys
    • Mesitornithidae: mesites
  • Sphenisciformes: Antarctic and southern waters; 16 species
  • Gaviiformes: North America, Eurasia; five species
    • Gaviidae: loons or divers
  • Podicipediformes: worldwide; 20 species
    • Podicipedidae: grebes
  • Procellariiformes: pan-oceanic; 93 species
    • Diomedeidae: albatrosses
    • Procellariidae: fulmars, prions, shearwaters, gadfly and other petrels
    • Pelecanoididae: diving petrels
    • Hydrobatidae: storm petrels
  • Pelecaniformes: worldwide; 57 species
    • Pelecanidae: pelicans
    • Sulidae: gannets and boobies
    • Phalacrocoracidae: cormorants
    • Fregatidae: frigatebirds
    • Anhingidae: Anhinga and darters
    • Phaethontidae: tropicbirds
  • Ciconiiformes: all continents; 115 species
  • Accipitriformes: worldwide; about 226 species. Some classifications also include the Falconidae.
    • Cathartidae: New World vultures and condors
    • Pandionidae: osprey
    • Accipitridae: hawks, eagles, buzzards and Old World vultures, harriers, kites, and allies
    • Sagittaridae: secretary bird
  • Falconiformes: worldwide; 60 species. Sometimes included in the Accipitriformes.
  • Turniciformes: Old World, 15 species
    • Turnicidae: buttonquail
  • Gruiformes: worldwide; 196 species
    • Gruidae: cranes
    • Aramidae: Limpkin
    • Psophiidae: trumpeters
    • Rallidae: rails, crakes, coots and allies
    • Heliornithidae: finfoots and Sungrebe
    • Rhynochetidae: Kagu
    • Eurypigidae: Sunbittern
    • Cariamidae: seriemas
    • Otidae: bustards
  • Charadriiformes: worldwide; 305 species
    • Jacanidae: jacanas
    • Rostratulidae: painted snipe
    • Haematopodidae: oystercatchers
    • Charadriidae: plovers
    • Pluvianellidae: Magellanic Plover
    • Ibidorhynchidae: Ibisbill
    • Recurvirostridae: avocets and stilts
    • Scolopacidae: typical waders or shorebirds
    • Dromadidae: Crab Plover
    • Burhinidae: thick-knees
    • Glareolidae: coursers and pratincoles
    • Thinocoridae: seedsnipe
    • Pedionomidae: Plains Wanderer
    • Chionididae: sheathbill
    • Stercorariidae: skuas
    • Laridae: gulls
    • Sternidae: terns
    • Rhynchopidae: skimmers
    • Alcidae: auks
  • Pterocliformes: Africa, Europe, Asia; 16 species
    • Pteroclidae: sandgrouse
  • Columbiformes: worldwide; 300 species
  • Psittaciformes: pan-tropical, southern temperate zones; 330 species
    • Cacatuidae: cockatoos
    • Psittacidae: parrots
  • Cuculiformes: worldwide; 151 species
    • Musophagidae: turacos and allies
    • Cuculidae: cuckoos
    • Opisthocomidae: Hoatzin
  • Strigiformes: worldwide; 134 species
    • Tytonidae: barn owls
    • Strigidae: typical owls
  • Caprimulgiformes: worldwide; 96 species
    • Steatornithidae: Oilbird
    • Podargidae: frogmouths
    • Nyctibiidae: potoos
    • Aegothelidae: owlet-nightjars
    • Caprimulgidae: nightjars
  • Apodiformes: worldwide; 403 species
    • Apodidae: swifts
    • Hemiprocnidae: tree swifts
  • Trochiliformes
  • Coliiformes: Sub-Saharan Africa; six species
    • Coliidae: mousebirds
  • Trogoniformes: Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, Asia; 35 species
    • Trogonidae: trogons and quetzals
  • Coraciiformes: worldwide; 192 species
    • Alcedinidae: river kingfishers
    • Halcyonidae: tree kingfishers
    • Cerylidae: water or belted kingfishers
    • Todidae: todies
    • Momotidae: motmots
    • Meropidae: bee-eaters
    • Leptosomatidae: Cuckoo Roller
    • Brachypteraciidae: ground rollers
    • Coraciidae: rollers
    • Upupidae: Hoopoe
    • Phoeniculidae: woodhoopoes
    • Bucerotidae: hornbills
  • Piciformes: worldwide except Australasia; 376 species
    • Galbulidae: jacamars
    • Bucconidae: puffbirds
    • Capitonidae: barbets
    • Indicatoridae: honeyguides
    • Ramphastidae: toucans
    • Picidae: woodpeckers
  • Passeriformes: worldwide; about 5,200 species
    • Suborder Tyranni ("suboscines")
    • Tyrannidae: tyrant flycatchers
    • Acanthisittidae: New Zealand wrens
    • Pittidae: pittas
    • Eurylaimidae: broadbills
    • Dendrocolaptidae: woodcreepers
    • Furnariidae: ovenbirds
    • Thamnophilidae: antbirds
    • Formicariidae: antpittas and antthrushes
    • Conopophagidae: gnateaters
    • Rhinocryptidae: tapaculos
    • Cotingidae: cotingas
    • Pipridae: manakins
    • Philepittidae: asities
    • Suborder Passeri ("oscines")
    • Atrichornithidae: scrub-birds
    • Menuridae: lyrebirds
    • Turnagridae: Piopio
    • Alaudidae: larks
    • Hirundinidae: swallows
    • Motacillidae: wagtails and pipits
    • Campephagidae: cuckoo-shrikes
    • Pycnonotidae: bulbuls
    • Regulidae: kinglets
    • Chloropseidae: leafbirds
    • Aegithinidae: ioras
    • Ptilogonatidae: silky-flycatchers
    • Bombycillidae: waxwings
    • Hypocoliidae: hypocolius
    • Dulidae: Palmchat
    • Cinclidae: dippers
    • Troglodytidae: wrens
    • Mimidae: mockingbirds, thrashers and gray catbird
    • Prunellidae: accentors
    • Turdidae: thrushes and allies
    • Cisticolidae: cisticolas and allies
    • Sylviidae: Old World warblers
    • Polioptilidae: gnatcatchers
    • Muscicapidae: Old World flycatchers
    • Platysteiridae: wattle-eyes
    • Petroicidae: Australasian robins
    • Pachycephalidae: whistlers and allies
    • Picathartidae: rockfowl
    • Timaliidae: babblers
    • Pomatostomidae: pseudo-babblers
    • Paradoxornithidae: parrotbills
    • Orthonychidae: logrunner and chowchilla
    • Cinclosomatidae: whipbirds and quail-thrushes
    • Aegithalidae: long-tailed tits
    • Maluridae: fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens
    • Neosittidae: sitellas
    • Climacteridae: Australasian treecreepers
    • Paridae: chickadees and tits
    • Sittidae: nuthatches
    • Tichodromidae: Wallcreeper
    • Certhiidae: treecreepers
    • Rhabdornithidae: Philippine creepers
    • Remizidae: penduline tits
    • Nectariniidae: sunbirds and spiderhunters
    • Melanocharitidae: berrypeckers and longbills
    • Paramythiidae: tit berrypecker and crested berrypeckers
    • Dicaeidae: flowerpeckers
    • Pardalotidae: pardalotes, thornbills and alies
    • Zosteropidae: white-eyes
    • Promeropidae: sugarbirds
    • Meliphagidae: honeyeaters and chats
    • Oriolidae: Old World orioles
    • Irenidae: fairy-bluebirds
    • Laniidae: shrikes
    • Malaconotidae: bushshrikes and allies
    • Prionopidae: helmetshrikes
    • Vangidae: vangas
    • Dicruridae: drongos
    • Callaeidae: wattlebirds
    • Corcoracidae: White-winged chough and Apostlebird
    • Artamidae: currawongs, woodswallows, butcherbirds & allies
    • Pityriaseidae: bristlehead
    • Paradisaeidae: birds-of-paradise
    • Ptilonorhynchidae: bowerbirds
    • Corvidae: crows, jays and magpies
    • Sturnidae: starlings
    • Passeridae: Old World sparrows
    • Ploceidae: weavers and allies
    • Estrildidae: waxbills and allies
    • Viduidae: indigobirds
    • Vireonidae: vireos and allies
    • Fringillidae: finches, crossbills and allies
    • Drepanididae: Hawaiian honeycreepers
    • Peucedramidae: Olive warbler
    • Parulidae: New World warblers
    • Coerebidae: Bananaquit
    • Thraupidae: tanagers and allies
    • Emberizidae: buntings, seedeaters and allies
    • Cardinalidae: saltators, cardinals and allies
    • Icteridae: troupials and allies

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