Jessica Tandy

From New World Encyclopedia

Jessica Tandy
Jessica Tandy Publicity Photo.jpg
Tandy, c. 1950s
BornJessie Alice Tandy
June 07 1909(1909-06-07)
Hackney, London, England
DiedSeptember 11 1994 (aged 85)
Easton, Connecticut, U.S.
OccupationActress
Years active1927–1994
Spouse(s)Jack Hawkins​
(m. 1932; div. 1940)​
Hume Cronyn
(m. 1942)
Children3

Jessie Alice Tandy (June 7, 1909 – September 11, 1994) was a British-American actress. Tandy appeared in over 100 stage productions and had more than 60 roles in film and TV, receiving an Academy Award, four Tony Awards, a BAFTA, a Golden Globe Award, and a Primetime Emmy Award. She acted as Blanche DuBois in the original Broadway production of A Streetcar Named Desire in 1948. Her films included Alfred Hitchcock's The Birds and The Gin Game. At 80, she became the oldest actress to receive the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in Driving Miss Daisy.

Life

The youngest of three siblings, Tandy was born in Geldeston Road in Hackney, London to Harry Tandy and his wife, Jessie Helen Horspool.[1] Her mother was from a large fenland family in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, and the head of a school for mentally handicapped children, and her father was a travelling salesman for a rope manufacturer.[2] She was educated at Dame Alice Owen's School in Islington.

Her father died when she was 12, and her mother subsequently taught evening courses to earn an income. Her brother Edward was later a prisoner of war of the Japanese in Asia.[3]

Tandy and Hume Cronyn, 1988

In 1932 Tandy married English actor Jack Hawkins and together they had a daughter, Susan Hawkins.[4] Susan became an actress and was the daughter-in-law of John Moynihan Tettemer, a former Passionist monk who authored I Was a Monk: The Autobiography of John Tettemer, and was cast in small roles in Lost Horizon and Meet John Doe.[5]

Tandy and Hawkins divorced in 1940. She married Canadian actor Hume Cronyn in 1942.[4] Prior to moving to Connecticut, she and Cronyn lived for many years in nearby Pound Ridge, New York, and they remained together until her death in 1994. They had two children, daughter Tandy Cronyn, an actress who would co-star with her mother in the TV film The Story Lady, and son Christopher Cronyn. Tandy became a naturalized citizen of the US in 1952.

In 1990, Jessica Tandy was diagnosed with ovarian cancer, and she also suffered from angina and glaucoma. Despite her illnesses and age she continued working. On September 11, 1994, she died at home in Easton, Connecticut, at the age of 85.[6][7][8]

Acting career

Tandy (left, with Kim Hunter and Marlon Brando) portrayed Blanche in the original 1947 Broadway production of A Streetcar Named Desire, a role that earned her the 1948 Tony Award for Best Actress.

Tandy was 18 years old when she made her professional debut on the London stage in 1927. During the 1930s, she acted in many plays in London's West End, playing Ophelia (opposite John Gielgud's legendary Hamlet) and Katherine (opposite Laurence Olivier's Henry V).[9]

She entered films in Britain, but after her marriage to Jack Hawkins failed, she moved to the United States hoping to find better roles. During her time as a leading actress on the stage in London, she often had to fight over roles with her two rivals, Peggy Ashcroft and Celia Johnson.[10] In the following years, she played supporting roles in several Hollywood films.

Like many stage actors, Tandy also worked in radio. Among other programs, she was a regular on Mandrake the Magician[11] (as Princess Nada), and then with her second husband Hume Cronyn in The Marriage[12] which ran on radio from 1953 to 1954, and then segued onto television.

She made her American film debut in The Seventh Cross (1944). She had supporting appearances in The Valley of Decision (1945), The Green Years (1946, as Cronyn's daughter), Dragonwyck (1946) starring Gene Tierney and Vincent Price and Forever Amber (1947). She appeared as the insomniac murderess in A Woman's Vengeance (1948), a film noir adapted by Aldous Huxley from his short story "The Gioconda Smile".

Over the next three decades, her film career continued sporadically while she found better roles on the stage. Her roles during this time included The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel (1951) opposite James Mason, The Light in the Forest (1958), and a role as a domineering mother in Alfred Hitchcock's film, The Birds (1963).

Tandy in Alfred Hitchcock Presents "The Glass Eye" (1957)

On Broadway, she won a Tony Award for her performance as Blanche Dubois in the original Broadway production of A Streetcar Named Desire in 1948. After this (she lost the film role to actress Vivien Leigh), she concentrated on the stage. In 1976, she and Cronyn joined the acting company of the Stratford Festival, and returned in 1980 to debut Cronyn's play Foxfire.[13][14] In 1977, she earned her second Tony Award, for her performance (with Cronyn) in The Gin Game and her third Tony in 1982 for her performance, again with Cronyn, in Foxfire.

The beginning of the 1980s saw a resurgence in her film career, with character roles in The World According to Garp, Best Friends, Still of the Night (all 1982) and The Bostonians (1984). She and Cronyn were now working together more regularly on stage and television, including the films Cocoon (1985), *batteries not included (1987) and Cocoon: The Return (1988) and the Emmy Award winning television film Foxfire (1987, recreating her Tony winning Broadway role).

However, it was her colourful performance in Driving Miss Daisy (1989), as an aging, stubborn Southern Jewish matron, that earned her an Oscar.[15]

She received a Best Supporting Actress nomination for her work in the grassroots hit Fried Green Tomatoes (1991) and co-starred in The Story Lady (1991 TV film, with her daughter Tandy Cronyn), Used People (1992, as Shirley MacLaine's mother), television film To Dance with the White Dog (1993, with Cronyn), Camilla (1994, with Cronyn). Nobody's Fool (1994) proved to be her last performance, at the age of 84.

Other awards

Tandy was chosen by People magazine as one of the 50 Most Beautiful People in the world in 1990.[16]

  • 1979 – Induction into the American Theatre Hall of Fame[17]
  • 1979 – Sarah Siddons Award Chicago theatre
  • 1986 – Drama Desk Special Award
  • 1986 – Kennedy Center Honors Recipient
  • 1990 – National Medal of Arts
  • 1991 – Women in Film Crystal Award[18]
  • 1994 – Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement shared with her husband, Hume Cronyn

Work

U.S. stage credits

Year Title Role Notes
1930 Matriarch, TheThe Matriarch Toni Rakonitz
1930 Last Enemy, TheThe Last Enemy Cynthia Perry
1938 Time and the Conways Kay
1939 White Steed, TheThe White Steed Nora Fintry
1940 Geneva Deaconess
1940 Jupiter Laughs Dr. Mary Murray
1941 Anne of England Abigail Hill
1942 Yesterday's Magic daughter Cattrin
1947 Streetcar Named Desire, AA Streetcar Named Desire Blanche DuBois Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play
1950 Hilda Crane Hilda Crane
1951 Madam, Will You Walk Mary Doyle
1951 Fourposter, TheThe Fourposter Agnes
1955 Man in the Dog Suit, TheThe Man in the Dog Suit Martha Walling
1955 Honeys, TheThe Honeys Mary
1959 Triple Play In Bedtime Story: Angela Nightingale

In Portrait of a Madonna: Miss Lucretia Collins In A Pound on Demand: The Public

1959 Five Finger Exercise Louise Harrington
1964 Physicists, TheThe Physicists Fraulein Doktor Mathilde von Zahnd
1966 Delicate Balance, AA Delicate Balance Agnes
1970 Camino Real Marguerite Gautier
1970 Home Marjorie
1971 All Over The Wife
1972 Not I[19] Mouth Obie Award for Best Actress
1974 Noël Coward in Two Keys In A Song at Twilight: Hilde Latymer

In Come Into the Garden, Maud: Anna Mary Conklin

1977 Gin Game, TheThe Gin Game Fonsia Dorsey Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Play
1981 Rose Mother Nominated—Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play
Nominated—Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play
1982 Foxfire Annie Nations Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play
Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Play
1983 Glass Menagerie, TheThe Glass Menagerie Amanda Wingfield
1986 Petition, TheThe Petition Lady Elizabeth Milne Nominated—Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play

Filmography

Year Title Role Notes
1932 The Indiscretions of Eve Maid
1938 Murder in the Family Ann Osborne
1944 Seventh Cross, TheThe Seventh Cross Liesel Roeder
1944 Blonde Fever Diner at Inn Uncredited
1945 Valley of Decision, TheThe Valley of Decision Louise Kane
1946 Green Years, TheThe Green Years Kate Leckie
1946 Dragonwyck Peggy O'Malley
1947 Forever Amber Nan Britton
1948 Woman's Vengeance, AA Woman's Vengeance Janet Spence
1950 September Affair Catherine Lawrence
1951 Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel, TheThe Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel Frau Lucie Maria Rommel
1956 Producers' Showcase Nominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie
1957 Glass Eye, TheThe Glass Eye Julia Lester Short film presented in "Alfred Hitchcock Presents"
1958 Light in the Forest, TheThe Light in the Forest Myra Butler
1962 Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man Helen Adams Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture
1963 Birds, TheThe Birds Lydia Brenner
1975 Bicentennial Minute for 31 August 1775, Destruction of Boston's Liberty Tree Herself CBS Television Network, 31 August 1975 - Sponsor: Royal Dutch Shell
1976 Butley Edna Shaft
1981 Honky Tonk Freeway Carol
1982 World According to Garp, TheThe World According to Garp Mrs. Fields
1982 Still of the Night Grace Rice
1982 Best Friends Eleanor McCullen
1984 Bostonians, TheThe Bostonians Miss Birdseye
1984 Terror in the Aisles Herself Archival footage
1985 Cocoon Alma Finley Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress
1987 Foxfire Annie Nations TV movie
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie
1987 *batteries not included Faye Riley Saturn Award for Best Actress
1988 House on Carroll Street, TheThe House on Carroll Street Miss Venable
1988 Cocoon: The Return Alma Finley Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress
1989 Driving Miss Daisy Daisy Werthan Academy Award for Best Actress
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress
David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Actress
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress
Silver Bear for the Best Joint Performance (with Morgan Freeman)[20]
Nominated—American Comedy Award for Funniest Actress in a Motion Picture
Nominated—National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress
Nominated—New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress
1991 Story Lady, TheThe Story Lady Grace McQueen TV movie
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film
1991 Fried Green Tomatoes Ninny Threadgoode Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
Nominated—American Comedy Award for Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture
Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture
1992 Used People Freida
1993 To Dance with the White Dog Cora Peek Television movie
Nominated—Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie
1994 Century of Cinema, AA Century of Cinema Herself documentary
1994 Camilla Camilla Cara Released posthumously
1994 Nobody's Fool Beryl Peoples Released posthumously, (final film role)

*Re-issued on DVD as The Christmas Story Lady

Television

Year Title Role Notes
1956 Alfred Hitchcock Presents Edwina Freel Episode: "Toby"
1957 Alfred Hitchcock Presents Julia Lester Episode: "The Glass Eye"
1958 Alfred Hitchcock Presents Laura Bowlby Episode: "The Canary Sedan"
1994 ER Mrs Backer Episode: "Going Home"

References
ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

  1. Jessica Tandy's family to unveil plaque to commemorate star's Hackney birthplace 19 November 1998; accessed 10 May 2007
  2. The Academy Awards: A Look At Jessica Tandy, oup.com, February 2007.
  3. Kelly, Terence Living with Japanese Kellan Press 1977, p. 136; Template:ISBN with photo
  4. 4.0 4.1 Champlin, Charles, "Life After Jessie : For 52 years, Hume Cronyn and Jessica Tandy shared the love story of the century. Her death last year devastated him, but his love lives on.", Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1995.
  5. John Tettemer. American Film Institute. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
  6. "Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85".
  7. Obituary: Jessica Tandy. The Independent (12 September 1994).
  8. From the Archives: Jessica Tandy, Star of Stage, Screen and TV, Dies at 85. Los Angeles Times (12 September 1994).
  9. Berger, Marilyn, "Jessica Tandy, a Patrician Star Of Theater and Film, Dies at 85", The New York Times, 12 September 1994.
  10. "At Home with Cronyn and Tandy", The New York Times, May 26, 1994.
  11. Cronyn, Hume (1991). Terrible Liar. New York: William Morrow and Company. ISBN 0688128440. 
  12. Cronyn, Hume (1991). Terrible Liar. New York: William Morrow and Company, 253–54. ISBN 0688128440. 
  13. Jessica Tandy acting credits.
  14. Blackadar, Bruce, "Hume Cronyn turns playwright with Foxfire", 10 May 1980, p. F1.
  15. "Miss Daisy, Jessica Tandy Win Top Oscars", Chicago Tribune, 27 March 1990.
  16. Beautiful Through the Years (in en).
  17. Notes for Jessica Tandy, tcm.com; accessed 11 July 2016.
  18. Past Recipients: Crystal Award. Women In Film.
  19. Educational Theatre Journal, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar. 1973), pp. 102–104
  20. Berlinale: 1990 Prize Winners (in de). berlinale.de.

References


External links

Credits

New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:

The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:

Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed.